SQLite

      /* no-op */
    }else if( pType->n==6 && sqlite3StrNICmp("stored",pType->z,6)==0 ){
      eType = COLFLAG_STORED;
    }else{
      goto generated_error;
    }
  }
  if( eType==COLFLAG_VIRTUAL ) pTab->nVCol++;
  pCol->colFlags |= eType;
  assert( TF_HasVirtual==COLFLAG_VIRTUAL );
  assert( TF_HasStored==COLFLAG_STORED );
  pTab->tabFlags |= eType;
  pCol->pDflt = sqlite3ExprDup(pParse->db, pExpr, 0);
  goto generated_done;

generated_error:
  sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "incorrect GENERATED ALWAYS AS on column \"%s\"",
                  pCol->zName);
generated_done:

  /* Resolve names in all CHECK constraint expressions.
  */
  if( p->pCheck ){
    sqlite3ResolveSelfReference(pParse, p, NC_IsCheck, 0, p->pCheck);
  }
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_CHECK) */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
  if( p->tabFlags & (TF_HasVirtual|TF_HasStored) ){
    int ii;
    for(ii=0; ii<p->nCol; ii++){
      if( (p->aCol[ii].colFlags & (COLFLAG_STORED|COLFLAG_VIRTUAL))!=0 ){
        sqlite3ResolveSelfReference(pParse, p, NC_GenCol, 
                                    p->aCol[ii].pDflt, 0);
      }
    }

      assert( pOp->p4type==P4_VTAB );
      return 1;
    }
#endif
  }
  return 0;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
/*
** All regular columns for table pTab have been puts into registers
** starting with iRegStore.  The registers that correspond to STORED
** columns have not been initialized.  This routine goes back and computes
** the values for STORED columns based on the previously computed normal
** columns.
*/
void sqlite3ComputeStoredColumns(
  Parse *pParse,    /* Parsing context */
  int iRegStore,    /* Register holding the first column */
  Table *pTab       /* The table */
){
  int i;
  pParse->iSelfTab = -iRegStore;
  for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++, iRegStore++){
    u32 colFlags = pTab->aCol[i].colFlags;
    if( (colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL)!=0 ){
      /* Virtual columns are no stored */
      iRegStore--;
    }else if( (colFlags & COLFLAG_STORED)!=0 ){
      /* Stored columns are handled on the second pass */
      sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pTab->aCol[i].pDflt, iRegStore);
    }
  }
  pParse->iSelfTab = 0;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS */


#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT
/*
** Locate or create an AutoincInfo structure associated with table pTab
** which is in database iDb.  Return the register number for the register
** that holds the maximum rowid.  Return zero if pTab is not an AUTOINCREMENT
** table.  (Also return zero when doing a VACUUM since we do not want to

      }
      if( ((colFlags = pTab->aCol[i].colFlags) & COLFLAG_NOINSERT)!=0 ){
        nHidden++;
        if( (colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL)!=0 ){
          /* Virtual columns are no stored */
          iRegStore--;
          continue;
        }else if( (colFlags & COLFLAG_STORED)!=0 ){
          /* Stored columns are handled on the second pass */
          continue;
        }else if( pColumn==0 ){
          /* Hidden columns that are not explicitly named in the INSERT */
          sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(pParse, pTab->aCol[i].pDflt, iRegStore);
          continue;
        }
      }
      if( pColumn ){
        for(j=0; j<pColumn->nId && pColumn->a[j].idx!=i; j++){}
        if( j>=pColumn->nId ){

        if( regFromSelect!=regData ){
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SCopy, regFromSelect+k, iRegStore);
        }
      }else{
        sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pList->a[k].pExpr, iRegStore);
      }
    }

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
    /* Compute the new value for STORED columns after all other
    ** columns have already been computed */
    if( pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasStored ){
      sqlite3ComputeStoredColumns(pParse, regRowid+1, pTab);
    }
#endif

    /* Generate code to check constraints and generate index keys and
    ** do the insertion.
    */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
    if( IsVirtual(pTab) ){
      const char *pVTab = (const char *)sqlite3GetVTable(db, pTab);

        if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_NOINSERT ){
          if( pPragma->iArg==0 ){
            nHidden++;
            continue;
          }
          if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL ){
            isHidden = 2;  /* GENERATED ALWAYS AS ... VIRTUAL */
          }else if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_STORED ){
            isHidden = 3;  /* GENERATED ALWAYS AS ... STORED */
          }else{ assert( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_HIDDEN );
            isHidden = 1;  /* HIDDEN */
          }
        }
        if( (pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_PRIMKEY)==0 ){
          k = 0;
        }else if( pPk==0 ){
          k = 1;

/*
** Allowed values for Table.tabFlags.
**
** TF_OOOHidden applies to tables or view that have hidden columns that are
** followed by non-hidden columns.  Example:  "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE x USING
** vtab1(a HIDDEN, b);".  Since "b" is a non-hidden column but "a" is hidden,
** the TF_OOOHidden attribute would apply in this case.  Such tables require
** special handling during INSERT processing. The "OOO" means "Out Of Order".
**
** Constraints:
**
**         TF_HasVirtual == COLFLAG_Virtual
**         TF_HasStored  == COLFLAG_Stored
*/
#define TF_Readonly        0x0001    /* Read-only system table */
#define TF_Ephemeral       0x0002    /* An ephemeral table */
#define TF_HasPrimaryKey   0x0004    /* Table has a primary key */
#define TF_Autoincrement   0x0008    /* Integer primary key is autoincrement */
#define TF_HasStat1        0x0010    /* nRowLogEst set from sqlite_stat1 */
#define TF_HasVirtual      0x0020    /* Has one or more VIRTUAL columns */
#define TF_HasStored       0x0040    /* Has one or more STORED columns */
#define TF_WithoutRowid    0x0080    /* No rowid.  PRIMARY KEY is the key */
#define TF_StatsUsed       0x0100    /* Query planner decisions affected by
                                     ** Index.aiRowLogEst[] values */
#define TF_NoVisibleRowid  0x0200    /* No user-visible "rowid" column */
#define TF_OOOHidden       0x0400    /* Out-of-Order hidden columns */
#define TF_HasNotNull      0x0800    /* Contains NOT NULL constraints */
#define TF_Shadow          0x1000    /* True for a shadow table */

/*
** Test to see whether or not a table is a virtual table.  This is
** done as a macro so that it will be optimized out when virtual
** table support is omitted from the build.
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE

  void sqlite3AutoincrementBegin(Parse *pParse);
  void sqlite3AutoincrementEnd(Parse *pParse);
#else
# define sqlite3AutoincrementBegin(X)
# define sqlite3AutoincrementEnd(X)
#endif
void sqlite3Insert(Parse*, SrcList*, Select*, IdList*, int, Upsert*);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
  void sqlite3ComputeStoredColumns(Parse*, int, Table*);
#endif
void *sqlite3ArrayAllocate(sqlite3*,void*,int,int*,int*);
IdList *sqlite3IdListAppend(Parse*, IdList*, Token*);
int sqlite3IdListIndex(IdList*,const char*);
SrcList *sqlite3SrcListEnlarge(Parse*, SrcList*, int, int);
SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppend(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*, Token*);
SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*, Token*,
                                      Token*, Select*, Expr*, IdList*);

  */
  newmask = sqlite3TriggerColmask(
      pParse, pTrigger, pChanges, 1, TRIGGER_BEFORE, pTab, onError
  );
  for(i=0, k=regNew; i<pTab->nCol; i++, k++){
    if( i==pTab->iPKey ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, k);
    }else if( (pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED)!=0 ){
      if( pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL ) k--;
    }else{
      j = aXRef[i];
      if( j>=0 ){
        sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pChanges->a[j].pExpr, k);
      }else if( 0==(tmask&TRIGGER_BEFORE) || i>31 || (newmask & MASKBIT32(i)) ){
        /* This branch loads the value of a column that will not be changed 
        ** into a register. This is done if there are no BEFORE triggers, or
        ** if there are one or more BEFORE triggers that use this value via
        ** a new.* reference in a trigger program.
        */
        testcase( i==31 );
        testcase( i==32 );
        sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(pParse, pTab, iDataCur, i, k);
      }else{
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, k);
      }
    }
  }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
  if( pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasStored ){
    sqlite3ComputeStoredColumns(pParse, regNew, pTab);
  }
#endif

  /* Fire any BEFORE UPDATE triggers. This happens before constraints are
  ** verified. One could argue that this is wrong.
  */
  if( tmask&TRIGGER_BEFORE ){
    sqlite3TableAffinity(v, pTab, regNew);
    sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger, TK_UPDATE, pChanges, 

    ** all columns not modified by the update statement into their registers
    ** in case this has happened. Only unmodified columns are reloaded.
    ** The values computed for modified columns use the values before the
    ** BEFORE trigger runs.  See test case trigger1-18.0 (added 2018-04-26)
    ** for an example.
    */
    for(i=0, k=regNew; i<pTab->nCol; i++, k++){
      if( pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED ){
        if( pTab->aCol[i].colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL ) k--;
      }else if( aXRef[i]<0 && i!=pTab->iPKey ){
        sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(pParse, pTab, iDataCur, i, k);
      }
    }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
    if( pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasStored ){
      sqlite3ComputeStoredColumns(pParse, regNew, pTab);
    }
#endif 
  }

  if( !isView ){
    /* Do constraint checks. */
    assert( regOldRowid>0 );
    sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(pParse, pTab, aRegIdx, iDataCur, iIdxCur,
        regNewRowid, regOldRowid, chngKey, onError, labelContinue, &bReplace,

    if( sCtx.bDeclared==0 ){
      const char *zFormat = "vtable constructor did not declare schema: %s";
      *pzErr = sqlite3MPrintf(db, zFormat, pTab->zName);
      sqlite3VtabUnlock(pVTable);
      rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
    }else{
      int iCol;
      u16 oooHidden = 0;
      /* If everything went according to plan, link the new VTable structure
      ** into the linked list headed by pTab->pVTable. Then loop through the 
      ** columns of the table to see if any of them contain the token "hidden".
      ** If so, set the Column COLFLAG_HIDDEN flag and remove the token from
      ** the type string.  */
      pVTable->pNext = pTab->pVTable;
      pTab->pVTable = pVTable;