SQLite

	$(LTLINK) -o $@ $(FUZZERSHELL_OPT) \
	  $(TOP)/tool/fuzzershell.c sqlite3.c $(TLIBS)

fuzzcheck$(TEXE):	$(FUZZCHECK_SRC) sqlite3.c sqlite3.h
	$(LTLINK) -o $@ $(FUZZCHECK_OPT) $(FUZZCHECK_SRC) sqlite3.c $(TLIBS)

ossshell$(TEXE):	$(TOP)/test/ossfuzz.c $(TOP)/test/ossshell.c sqlite3.c sqlite3.h
	$(LTLINK) -o $@ $(FUZZCHECK_OPT) $(TOP)/test/ossshell.c \
             $(TOP)/test/ossfuzz.c sqlite3.c $(TLIBS)

dbfuzz$(TEXE):	$(TOP)/test/dbfuzz.c sqlite3.c sqlite3.h
	$(LTLINK) -o $@ $(DBFUZZ_OPT) $(TOP)/test/dbfuzz.c sqlite3.c $(TLIBS)

mptester$(TEXE):	sqlite3.lo $(TOP)/mptest/mptest.c
	$(LTLINK) -o $@ -I. $(TOP)/mptest/mptest.c sqlite3.lo \
		$(TLIBS) -rpath "$(libdir)"

	echo "static const char *zMainloop = " >> $@
	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)/tool/tostr.tcl $(TOP)/tool/spaceanal.tcl >> $@
	echo "; return zMainloop; }" >> $@

sqlite3_analyzer$(TEXE): sqlite3_analyzer.c
	$(LTLINK) sqlite3_analyzer.c -o $@ $(LIBTCL) $(TLIBS)

dbdump$(TEXE): $(TOP)/ext/misc/dbdump.c sqlite3.lo
	$(LTLINK) -DDBDUMP_STANDALONE -o $@ \
           $(TOP)/ext/misc/dbdump.c sqlite3.lo $(TLIBS)

showdb$(TEXE):	$(TOP)/tool/showdb.c sqlite3.lo
	$(LTLINK) -o $@ $(TOP)/tool/showdb.c sqlite3.lo $(TLIBS)

showstat4$(TEXE):	$(TOP)/tool/showstat4.c sqlite3.lo
	$(LTLINK) -o $@ $(TOP)/tool/showstat4.c sqlite3.lo $(TLIBS)

showjournal$(TEXE):	$(TOP)/tool/showjournal.c sqlite3.lo

	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)\tool\tostr.tcl $(TOP)\tool\spaceanal.tcl >> $@
	echo ; return zMainloop; } >> $@

sqlite3_analyzer.exe:	sqlite3_analyzer.c $(LIBRESOBJS)
	$(LTLINK) $(NO_WARN) -DBUILD_sqlite -I$(TCLINCDIR) sqlite3_analyzer.c \
		/link $(LDFLAGS) $(LTLINKOPTS) $(LTLIBPATHS) $(LIBRESOBJS) $(LTLIBS) $(TLIBS)

dbdump.exe:	$(TOP)\ext\misc\dbdump.c $(SQLITE3C) $(SQLITE3H)
	$(LTLINK) $(NO_WARN) -DDBDUMP_STANDALONE $(TOP)\ext\misc\dbdump.c $(SQLITE3C) \
		/link $(LDFLAGS) $(LTLINKOPTS) $(LTLIBPATHS) $(LIBRESOBJS) $(LTLIBS)

testloadext.lo:	$(TOP)\src\test_loadext.c
	$(LTCOMPILE) $(NO_WARN) -c $(TOP)\src\test_loadext.c

testloadext.dll:	testloadext.lo
	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) $(LTLINKOPTS) $(LTLIBPATHS) /DLL /OUT:$@ testloadext.lo

showdb.exe:	$(TOP)\tool\showdb.c $(SQLITE3C) $(SQLITE3H)

	-rmdir /Q/S .deps 2>NUL
	-rmdir /Q/S .libs 2>NUL
	-rmdir /Q/S tsrc 2>NUL
	del /Q .target_source 2>NUL
	del /Q tclsqlite3.exe $(SQLITETCLH) $(SQLITETCLDECLSH) 2>NUL
	del /Q testloadext.dll 2>NUL
	del /Q testfixture.exe test.db 2>NUL
	del /Q LogEst.exe fts3view.exe rollback-test.exe showdb.exe dbdump.exe 2>NUL
	del /Q changeset.exe 2>NUL
	del /Q showjournal.exe showstat4.exe showwal.exe speedtest1.exe 2>NUL
	del /Q mptester.exe wordcount.exe rbu.exe srcck1.exe 2>NUL
	del /Q sqlite3.c sqlite3-*.c 2>NUL
	del /Q sqlite3rc.h 2>NUL
	del /Q shell.c sqlite3ext.h sqlite3session.h 2>NUL
	del /Q sqlite3_analyzer.exe sqlite3_analyzer.c 2>NUL
	del /Q sqlite-*-output.vsix 2>NUL
	del /Q fuzzershell.exe fuzzcheck.exe sqldiff.exe dbhash.exe 2>NUL
	del /Q fts5.* fts5parse.* 2>NUL
# <</mark>>

<h1 align="center">SQLite Source Repository</h1>

This repository contains the complete source code for the SQLite database
engine.  Some test scripts are also include.  However, many other test scripts
and most of the documentation are managed separately.

If you are reading this on a Git mirror someplace, you are doing it wrong.
The [official repository](https://www.sqlite.org/src/) is better.  Go there
now.

## Obtaining The Code

SQLite sources are managed using the
[Fossil](https://www.fossil-scm.org/), a distributed version control system
that was specifically designed to support SQLite development.
If you do not want to use Fossil, you can download tarballs or ZIP
archives as follows:

  *  Lastest trunk check-in:
     <https://www.sqlite.org/src/tarball/sqlite.tar.gz> or
     <https://www.sqlite.org/src/zip/sqlite.zip>.

  *  Latest release:
     <https://www.sqlite.org/src/tarball/sqlite.tar.gz?r=release> or
     <https://www.sqlite.org/src/zip/sqlite.zip?r=release>.

  *  For other check-ins, substitute an appropriate branch name or
     tag or hash prefix for "release" in the URLs of the previous
     bullet.  Or browse the [timeline](https://www.sqlite.org/src/timeline)
     to locate the check-in desired, click on its information page link,
     then click on the "Tarball" or "ZIP Archive" links on the information
     page.

If you do want to use Fossil to check out the source tree, 
first install Fossil version 2.0 or later.
(Source tarballs and precompiled binaries available
[here](https://www.fossil-scm.org/fossil/uv/download.html).)
Then run commands like this:

        mkdir ~/sqlite
        cd ~/sqlite
        fossil clone https://www.sqlite.org/src sqlite.fossil
        fossil open sqlite.fossil
    
After setting up a repository using the steps above, you can always
update to the lastest version using:

        fossil update trunk   ;# latest trunk check-in
        fossil update release ;# latest official release

Or type "fossil ui" to get a web-based user interface.

## Compiling

First create a directory in which to place
the build products.  It is recommended, but not required, that the
build directory be separate from the source directory.  Cd into the
build directory and then from the build directory run the configure
script found at the root of the source tree.  Then run "make".

For example:

        tar xzf sqlite.tar.gz    ;#  Unpack the source tree into "sqlite"
        mkdir bld                ;#  Build will occur in a sibling directory
        cd bld                   ;#  Change to the build directory
        ../sqlite/configure      ;#  Run the configure script
        make                     ;#  Run the makefile.
        make sqlite3.c           ;#  Build the "amalgamation" source file
        make test                ;#  Run some tests (requires Tcl)

See the makefile for additional targets.

The configure script uses autoconf 2.61 and libtool.  If the configure
script does not work out for you, there is a generic makefile named
"Makefile.linux-gcc" in the top directory of the source tree that you
can copy and edit to suit your needs.  Comments on the generic makefile
show what changes are needed.

## Using MSVC

On Windows, all applicable build products can be compiled with MSVC.
First open the command prompt window associated with the desired compiler
version (e.g. "Developer Command Prompt for VS2013").  Next, use NMAKE
with the provided "Makefile.msc" to build one of the supported targets.

For example:

        mkdir bld
        cd bld
        nmake /f Makefile.msc TOP=..\sqlite
        nmake /f Makefile.msc sqlite3.c TOP=..\sqlite
        nmake /f Makefile.msc sqlite3.dll TOP=..\sqlite
        nmake /f Makefile.msc sqlite3.exe TOP=..\sqlite
        nmake /f Makefile.msc test TOP=..\sqlite

There are several build options that can be set via the NMAKE command
line.  For example, to build for WinRT, simply add "FOR_WINRT=1" argument
to the "sqlite3.dll" command line above.  When debugging into the SQLite
code, adding the "DEBUG=1" argument to one of the above command lines is
recommended.

!IF $(DEBUG)>0 || $(API_ARMOR)!=0 || $(FOR_WIN10)!=0
TCC = $(TCC) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR=1
RCC = $(RCC) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR=1
!ENDIF

!IF $(DEBUG)>2
TCC = $(TCC) -DSQLITE_DEBUG=1
TCC = $(TCC) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_WHERETRACE -DSQLITE_ENABLE_SELECTTRACE
RCC = $(RCC) -DSQLITE_DEBUG=1
!ENDIF

!IF $(DEBUG)>4 || $(OSTRACE)!=0
TCC = $(TCC) -DSQLITE_FORCE_OS_TRACE=1 -DSQLITE_DEBUG_OS_TRACE=1
RCC = $(RCC) -DSQLITE_FORCE_OS_TRACE=1 -DSQLITE_DEBUG_OS_TRACE=1
!ENDIF

AS_IF([ test x"$enable_editline" != xno ],[
  AC_CHECK_HEADERS([editline/readline.h],[
    sLIBS=$LIBS
    LIBS=""
    AC_SEARCH_LIBS([readline],[edit],[
      AC_DEFINE([HAVE_EDITLINE],1,Define to use BSD editline)
      READLINE_LIBS="$LIBS -ltinfo"
      enable_readline=no
    ],[],[-ltinfo])
    AS_UNSET(ac_cv_search_readline)
    LIBS=$sLIBS
  ])
])

AS_IF([ test x"$enable_readline" != xno ],[
  AC_CHECK_HEADERS([readline/readline.h],[

## Loadable Extensions

Various [loadable extensions](https://www.sqlite.org/loadext.html) for
SQLite are found in subfolders.

Most subfolders are dedicated to a single loadable extension (for
example FTS5, or RTREE).  But the misc/ subfolder contains a collection
of smaller single-file extensions.

  if( (v & mask2)==0 ){ var = v; return ret; }

/* 
** Read a 64-bit variable-length integer from memory starting at p[0].
** Return the number of bytes read, or 0 on error.
** The value is stored in *v.
*/
int sqlite3Fts3GetVarint(const char *pBuf, sqlite_int64 *v){
  const unsigned char *p = (const unsigned char*)pBuf;
  const unsigned char *pStart = p;
  u32 a;
  u64 b;
  int shift;

  GETVARINT_INIT(a, p, 0,  0x00,     0x80, *v, 1);
  GETVARINT_STEP(a, p, 7,  0x7F,     0x4000, *v, 2);
  GETVARINT_STEP(a, p, 14, 0x3FFF,   0x200000, *v, 3);

  zCsr += nDb;

  /* Fill in the azColumn array */
  for(iCol=0; iCol<nCol; iCol++){
    char *z; 
    int n = 0;
    z = (char *)sqlite3Fts3NextToken(aCol[iCol], &n);
    if( n>0 ){
      memcpy(zCsr, z, n);
    }
    zCsr[n] = '\0';
    sqlite3Fts3Dequote(zCsr);
    p->azColumn[iCol] = zCsr;
    zCsr += n+1;
    assert( zCsr <= &((char *)p)[nByte] );
  }

  unicode_tokenizer *p,           /* Tokenizer to add exceptions to */
  int bAlnum,                     /* Replace Isalnum() return value with this */
  const char *zIn,                /* Array of characters to make exceptions */
  int nIn                         /* Length of z in bytes */
){
  const unsigned char *z = (const unsigned char *)zIn;
  const unsigned char *zTerm = &z[nIn];
  unsigned int iCode;
  int nEntry = 0;

  assert( bAlnum==0 || bAlnum==1 );

  while( z<zTerm ){
    READ_UTF8(z, zTerm, iCode);
    assert( (sqlite3FtsUnicodeIsalnum((int)iCode) & 0xFFFFFFFE)==0 );
    if( sqlite3FtsUnicodeIsalnum((int)iCode)!=bAlnum 
     && sqlite3FtsUnicodeIsdiacritic((int)iCode)==0 
    ){
      nEntry++;
    }
  }

  if( nEntry ){
    int *aNew;                    /* New aiException[] array */
    int nNew;                     /* Number of valid entries in array aNew[] */

    aNew = sqlite3_realloc(p->aiException, (p->nException+nEntry)*sizeof(int));
    if( aNew==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
    nNew = p->nException;

    z = (const unsigned char *)zIn;
    while( z<zTerm ){
      READ_UTF8(z, zTerm, iCode);
      if( sqlite3FtsUnicodeIsalnum((int)iCode)!=bAlnum 
       && sqlite3FtsUnicodeIsdiacritic((int)iCode)==0
      ){
        int i, j;
        for(i=0; i<nNew && aNew[i]<(int)iCode; i++);
        for(j=nNew; j>i; j--) aNew[j] = aNew[j-1];
        aNew[i] = (int)iCode;
        nNew++;
      }
    }
    p->aiException = aNew;
    p->nException = nNew;
  }

  int *pnToken,                   /* OUT: Number of bytes at *paToken */
  int *piStart,                   /* OUT: Starting offset of token */
  int *piEnd,                     /* OUT: Ending offset of token */
  int *piPos                      /* OUT: Position integer of token */
){
  unicode_cursor *pCsr = (unicode_cursor *)pC;
  unicode_tokenizer *p = ((unicode_tokenizer *)pCsr->base.pTokenizer);
  unsigned int iCode = 0;
  char *zOut;
  const unsigned char *z = &pCsr->aInput[pCsr->iOff];
  const unsigned char *zStart = z;
  const unsigned char *zEnd;
  const unsigned char *zTerm = &pCsr->aInput[pCsr->nInput];

  /* Scan past any delimiter characters before the start of the next token.
  ** Return SQLITE_DONE early if this takes us all the way to the end of 
  ** the input.  */
  while( z<zTerm ){
    READ_UTF8(z, zTerm, iCode);
    if( unicodeIsAlnum(p, (int)iCode) ) break;
    zStart = z;
  }
  if( zStart>=zTerm ) return SQLITE_DONE;

  zOut = pCsr->zToken;
  do {
    int iOut;

    /* Grow the output buffer if required. */
    if( (zOut-pCsr->zToken)>=(pCsr->nAlloc-4) ){
      char *zNew = sqlite3_realloc(pCsr->zToken, pCsr->nAlloc+64);
      if( !zNew ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
      zOut = &zNew[zOut - pCsr->zToken];
      pCsr->zToken = zNew;
      pCsr->nAlloc += 64;
    }

    /* Write the folded case of the last character read to the output */
    zEnd = z;
    iOut = sqlite3FtsUnicodeFold((int)iCode, p->bRemoveDiacritic);
    if( iOut ){
      WRITE_UTF8(zOut, iOut);
    }

    /* If the cursor is not at EOF, read the next character */
    if( z>=zTerm ) break;
    READ_UTF8(z, zTerm, iCode);
  }while( unicodeIsAlnum(p, (int)iCode) 
       || sqlite3FtsUnicodeIsdiacritic((int)iCode)
  );

  /* Set the output variables and return. */
  pCsr->iOff = (int)(z - pCsr->aInput);
  *paToken = pCsr->zToken;
  *pnToken = (int)(zOut - pCsr->zToken);
  *piStart = (int)(zStart - pCsr->aInput);

    0x07D9140B, 0x07DA0046, 0x07DC0074, 0x38000401, 0x38008060,
    0x380400F0,
  };
  static const unsigned int aAscii[4] = {
    0xFFFFFFFF, 0xFC00FFFF, 0xF8000001, 0xF8000001,
  };

  if( (unsigned int)c<128 ){
    return ( (aAscii[c >> 5] & ((unsigned int)1 << (c & 0x001F)))==0 );
  }else if( (unsigned int)c<(1<<22) ){
    unsigned int key = (((unsigned int)c)<<10) | 0x000003FF;
    int iRes = 0;
    int iHi = sizeof(aEntry)/sizeof(aEntry[0]) - 1;
    int iLo = 0;
    while( iHi>=iLo ){
      int iTest = (iHi + iLo) / 2;
      if( key >= aEntry[iTest] ){

   65408, 65410, 65415, 65424, 65436, 65439, 65450, 65462, 
   65472, 65476, 65478, 65480, 65482, 65488, 65506, 65511, 
   65514, 65521, 65527, 65528, 65529, 
  };

  int ret = c;


  assert( sizeof(unsigned short)==2 && sizeof(unsigned char)==1 );

  if( c<128 ){
    if( c>='A' && c<='Z' ) ret = c + ('a' - 'A');
  }else if( c<65536 ){
    const struct TableEntry *p;
    int iHi = sizeof(aEntry)/sizeof(aEntry[0]) - 1;
    int iLo = 0;
    int iRes = -1;

    assert( c>aEntry[0].iCode );
    while( iHi>=iLo ){
      int iTest = (iHi + iLo) / 2;
      int cmp = (c - aEntry[iTest].iCode);
      if( cmp>=0 ){
        iRes = iTest;
        iLo = iTest+1;
      }else{
        iHi = iTest-1;
      }
    }


    assert( iRes>=0 && c>=aEntry[iRes].iCode );
    p = &aEntry[iRes];
    if( c<(p->iCode + p->nRange) && 0==(0x01 & p->flags & (p->iCode ^ c)) ){
      ret = (c + (aiOff[p->flags>>1])) & 0x0000FFFF;
      assert( ret>0 );

    }

    if( bRemoveDiacritic ) ret = remove_diacritic(ret);
  }
  
  else if( c>=66560 && c<66600 ){
    ret = c + 40;
  }

  return ret;
}
#endif /* defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3) || defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4) */
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_DISABLE_FTS3_UNICODE) */

  return rc;
}

/*
** Convert the text beginning at *pz into an integer and return
** its value.  Advance *pz to point to the first character past
** the integer.
**
** This function used for parameters to merge= and incrmerge=
** commands. 
*/
static int fts3Getint(const char **pz){
  const char *z = *pz;
  int i = 0;
  while( (*z)>='0' && (*z)<='9' && i<214748363 ) i = 10*i + *(z++) - '0';
  *pz = z;
  return i;
}

/*
** Process statements of the form:
**

#!/bin/sh

set -e

srcdir=`dirname $(dirname $(dirname $(dirname $0)))`
./testfixture $srcdir/test/fts3.test --output=fts3cov-out.txt

echo ""

for f in `ls $srcdir/ext/fts3/*.c` 
do
  f=`basename $f`
  echo -ne "$f: "
  gcov -b $f | grep Taken | sed 's/Taken at least once://'
done

  puts "** is less than zero."
  puts "*/"
  puts "int ${zFunc}\(int c)\{"
  an_print_range_array $lRange
  an_print_ascii_bitmap $lRange
  puts {
  if( (unsigned int)c<128 ){
    return ( (aAscii[c >> 5] & ((unsigned int)1 << (c & 0x001F)))==0 );
  }else if( (unsigned int)c<(1<<22) ){
    unsigned int key = (((unsigned int)c)<<10) | 0x000003FF;
    int iRes = 0;
    int iHi = sizeof(aEntry)/sizeof(aEntry[0]) - 1;
    int iLo = 0;
    while( iHi>=iLo ){
      int iTest = (iHi + iLo) / 2;

## Miscellaneous Extensions

This folder contains a collection of smaller loadable extensions.
See <https://www.sqlite.org/loadext.html> for instructions on how
to compile and use loadable extensions.
Each extension in this folder is implemented in a single file of C code.

Each source file contains a description in its header comment.  See the
header comments for details about each extension.  Additional notes are
as follows:

  *  **carray.c** &mdash;  This module implements the
     [carray](https://www.sqlite.org/carray.html) table-valued function.
     It is a good example of how to go about implementing a custom
     [table-valued function](https://www.sqlite.org/vtab.html#tabfunc2).

  *  **dbdump.c** &mdash;  This is not actually a loadable extension, but
     rather a library that implements an approximate equivalent to the
     ".dump" command of the
     [command-line shell](https://www.sqlite.org/cli.html).

  *  **memvfs.c** &mdash;  This file implements a custom
     [VFS](https://www.sqlite.org/vfs.html) that stores an entire database
     file in a single block of RAM.  It serves as a good example of how
     to implement a simple custom VFS.

  *  **rot13.c** &mdash;  This file implements the very simple rot13()
     substitution function.  This file makes a good template for implementing
     new custom SQL functions for SQLite.

  *  **series.c** &mdash;  This is an implementation of the
     "generate_series" [virtual table](https://www.sqlite.org/vtab.html).
     It can make a good template for new custom virtual table implementations.

  *  **shathree.c** &mdash;  An implementation of the sha3() and
     sha3_query() SQL functions.  The file is named "shathree.c" instead
     of "sha3.c" because the default entry point names in SQLite are based
     on the source filename with digits removed, so if we used the name
     "sha3.c" then the entry point would conflict with the prior "sha1.c"
     extension.

/*
** 2016-03-13
**
** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
**
**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
******************************************************************************
**
** This file implements a C-language subroutine that converts the content
** of an SQLite database into UTF-8 text SQL statements that can be used
** to exactly recreate the original database.  ROWID values are preserved.
**
** A prototype of the implemented subroutine is this:
**
**   int sqlite3_db_dump(
**          sqlite3 *db,
**          const char *zSchema,
**          const char *zTable,
**          void (*xCallback)(void*, const char*),
**          void *pArg
**   );
**
** The db parameter is the database connection.  zSchema is the schema within
** that database which is to be dumped.  Usually the zSchema is "main" but
** can also be "temp" or any ATTACH-ed database.  If zTable is not NULL, then
** only the content of that one table is dumped.  If zTable is NULL, then all
** tables are dumped.
**
** The generate text is passed to xCallback() in multiple calls.  The second
** argument to xCallback() is a copy of the pArg parameter.  The first
** argument is some of the output text that this routine generates.  The
** signature to xCallback() is designed to make it compatible with fputs().
**
** The sqlite3_db_dump() subroutine returns SQLITE_OK on success or some error
** code if it encounters a problem.
**
** If this file is compiled with -DDBDUMP_STANDALONE then a "main()" routine
** is included so that this routine becomes a command-line utility.  The
** command-line utility takes two or three arguments which are the name
** of the database file, the schema, and optionally the table, forming the
** first three arguments of a single call to the library routine.
*/
#include "sqlite3.h"
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>

/*
** The state of the dump process.
*/
typedef struct DState DState;
struct DState {
  sqlite3 *db;                /* The database connection */
  int nErr;                   /* Number of errors seen so far */
  int rc;                     /* Error code */
  int writableSchema;                    /* True if in writable_schema mode */
  int (*xCallback)(const char*,void*);   /* Send output here */
  void *pArg;                            /* Argument to xCallback() */
};

/*
** A variable length string to which one can append text.
*/
typedef struct DText DText;
struct DText {
  char *z;           /* The text */
  int n;             /* Number of bytes of content in z[] */
  int nAlloc;        /* Number of bytes allocated to z[] */
};

/*
** Initialize and destroy a DText object
*/
static void initText(DText *p){
  memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
}
static void freeText(DText *p){
  sqlite3_free(p->z);
  initText(p);
}

/* zIn is either a pointer to a NULL-terminated string in memory obtained
** from malloc(), or a NULL pointer. The string pointed to by zAppend is
** added to zIn, and the result returned in memory obtained from malloc().
** zIn, if it was not NULL, is freed.
**
** If the third argument, quote, is not '\0', then it is used as a
** quote character for zAppend.
*/
static void appendText(DText *p, char const *zAppend, char quote){
  int len;
  int i;
  int nAppend = (int)(strlen(zAppend) & 0x3fffffff);

  len = nAppend+p->n+1;
  if( quote ){
    len += 2;
    for(i=0; i<nAppend; i++){
      if( zAppend[i]==quote ) len++;
    }
  }

  if( p->n+len>=p->nAlloc ){
    char *zNew;
    p->nAlloc = p->nAlloc*2 + len + 20;
    zNew = sqlite3_realloc(p->z, p->nAlloc);
    if( zNew==0 ){
      freeText(p);
      return;
    }
    p->z = zNew;
  }

  if( quote ){
    char *zCsr = p->z+p->n;
    *zCsr++ = quote;
    for(i=0; i<nAppend; i++){
      *zCsr++ = zAppend[i];
      if( zAppend[i]==quote ) *zCsr++ = quote;
    }
    *zCsr++ = quote;
    p->n = (int)(zCsr - p->z);
    *zCsr = '\0';
  }else{
    memcpy(p->z+p->n, zAppend, nAppend);
    p->n += nAppend;
    p->z[p->n] = '\0';
  }
}

/*
** Attempt to determine if identifier zName needs to be quoted, either
** because it contains non-alphanumeric characters, or because it is an
** SQLite keyword.  Be conservative in this estimate:  When in doubt assume
** that quoting is required.
**
** Return '"' if quoting is required.  Return 0 if no quoting is required.
*/
static char quoteChar(const char *zName){
  /* All SQLite keywords, in alphabetical order */
  static const char *azKeywords[] = {
    "ABORT", "ACTION", "ADD", "AFTER", "ALL", "ALTER", "ANALYZE", "AND", "AS",
    "ASC", "ATTACH", "AUTOINCREMENT", "BEFORE", "BEGIN", "BETWEEN", "BY",
    "CASCADE", "CASE", "CAST", "CHECK", "COLLATE", "COLUMN", "COMMIT",
    "CONFLICT", "CONSTRAINT", "CREATE", "CROSS", "CURRENT_DATE",
    "CURRENT_TIME", "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP", "DATABASE", "DEFAULT", "DEFERRABLE",
    "DEFERRED", "DELETE", "DESC", "DETACH", "DISTINCT", "DROP", "EACH",
    "ELSE", "END", "ESCAPE", "EXCEPT", "EXCLUSIVE", "EXISTS", "EXPLAIN",
    "FAIL", "FOR", "FOREIGN", "FROM", "FULL", "GLOB", "GROUP", "HAVING", "IF",
    "IGNORE", "IMMEDIATE", "IN", "INDEX", "INDEXED", "INITIALLY", "INNER",
    "INSERT", "INSTEAD", "INTERSECT", "INTO", "IS", "ISNULL", "JOIN", "KEY",
    "LEFT", "LIKE", "LIMIT", "MATCH", "NATURAL", "NO", "NOT", "NOTNULL",
    "NULL", "OF", "OFFSET", "ON", "OR", "ORDER", "OUTER", "PLAN", "PRAGMA",
    "PRIMARY", "QUERY", "RAISE", "RECURSIVE", "REFERENCES", "REGEXP",
    "REINDEX", "RELEASE", "RENAME", "REPLACE", "RESTRICT", "RIGHT",
    "ROLLBACK", "ROW", "SAVEPOINT", "SELECT", "SET", "TABLE", "TEMP",
    "TEMPORARY", "THEN", "TO", "TRANSACTION", "TRIGGER", "UNION", "UNIQUE",
    "UPDATE", "USING", "VACUUM", "VALUES", "VIEW", "VIRTUAL", "WHEN", "WHERE",
    "WITH", "WITHOUT",
  };
  int i, lwr, upr, mid, c;
  if( !isalpha((unsigned char)zName[0]) && zName[0]!='_' ) return '"';
  for(i=0; zName[i]; i++){
    if( !isalnum((unsigned char)zName[i]) && zName[i]!='_' ) return '"';
  }
  lwr = 0;
  upr = sizeof(azKeywords)/sizeof(azKeywords[0]) - 1;
  while( lwr<=upr ){
    mid = (lwr+upr)/2;
    c = sqlite3_stricmp(azKeywords[mid], zName);
    if( c==0 ) return '"';
    if( c<0 ){
      lwr = mid+1;
    }else{
      upr = mid-1;
    }
  }
  return 0;
}


/*
** Release memory previously allocated by tableColumnList().
*/
static void freeColumnList(char **azCol){
  int i;
  for(i=1; azCol[i]; i++){
    sqlite3_free(azCol[i]);
  }
  /* azCol[0] is a static string */
  sqlite3_free(azCol);
}

/*
** Return a list of pointers to strings which are the names of all
** columns in table zTab.   The memory to hold the names is dynamically
** allocated and must be released by the caller using a subsequent call
** to freeColumnList().
**
** The azCol[0] entry is usually NULL.  However, if zTab contains a rowid
** value that needs to be preserved, then azCol[0] is filled in with the
** name of the rowid column.
**
** The first regular column in the table is azCol[1].  The list is terminated
** by an entry with azCol[i]==0.
*/
static char **tableColumnList(DState *p, const char *zTab){
  char **azCol = 0;
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
  char *zSql;
  int nCol = 0;
  int nAlloc = 0;
  int nPK = 0;       /* Number of PRIMARY KEY columns seen */
  int isIPK = 0;     /* True if one PRIMARY KEY column of type INTEGER */
  int preserveRowid = 1;
  int rc;

  zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("PRAGMA table_info=%Q", zTab);
  if( zSql==0 ) return 0;
  rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
  sqlite3_free(zSql);
  if( rc ) return 0;
  while( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
    if( nCol>=nAlloc-2 ){
      char **azNew;
      nAlloc = nAlloc*2 + nCol + 10;
      azNew = sqlite3_realloc(azCol, nAlloc*sizeof(azCol[0]));
      if( azNew==0 ) goto col_oom;
      azCol = azNew;
      azCol[0] = 0;
    }
    azCol[++nCol] = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 1));
    if( azCol[nCol]==0 ) goto col_oom;
    if( sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 5) ){
      nPK++;
      if( nPK==1
       && sqlite3_stricmp((const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,2),
                          "INTEGER")==0 
      ){
        isIPK = 1;
      }else{
        isIPK = 0;
      }
    }
  }
  sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
  pStmt = 0;
  azCol[nCol+1] = 0;

  /* The decision of whether or not a rowid really needs to be preserved
  ** is tricky.  We never need to preserve a rowid for a WITHOUT ROWID table
  ** or a table with an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY.  We are unable to preserve
  ** rowids on tables where the rowid is inaccessible because there are other
  ** columns in the table named "rowid", "_rowid_", and "oid".
  */
  if( isIPK ){
    /* If a single PRIMARY KEY column with type INTEGER was seen, then it
    ** might be an alise for the ROWID.  But it might also be a WITHOUT ROWID
    ** table or a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY DESC column, neither of which are
    ** ROWID aliases.  To distinguish these cases, check to see if
    ** there is a "pk" entry in "PRAGMA index_list".  There will be
    ** no "pk" index if the PRIMARY KEY really is an alias for the ROWID.
    */
    zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT 1 FROM pragma_index_list(%Q)"
                           " WHERE origin='pk'", zTab);
    if( zSql==0 ) goto col_oom;
    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
    sqlite3_free(zSql);
    if( rc ){
      freeColumnList(azCol);
      return 0;
    }
    rc = sqlite3_step(pStmt);
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    pStmt = 0;
    preserveRowid = rc==SQLITE_ROW;
  }
  if( preserveRowid ){
    /* Only preserve the rowid if we can find a name to use for the
    ** rowid */
    static char *azRowid[] = { "rowid", "_rowid_", "oid" };
    int i, j;
    for(j=0; j<3; j++){
      for(i=1; i<=nCol; i++){
        if( sqlite3_stricmp(azRowid[j],azCol[i])==0 ) break;
      }
      if( i>nCol ){
        /* At this point, we know that azRowid[j] is not the name of any
        ** ordinary column in the table.  Verify that azRowid[j] is a valid
        ** name for the rowid before adding it to azCol[0].  WITHOUT ROWID
        ** tables will fail this last check */
        int rc;
        rc = sqlite3_table_column_metadata(p->db,0,zTab,azRowid[j],0,0,0,0,0);
        if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) azCol[0] = azRowid[j];
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  return azCol;

col_oom:
  sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
  freeColumnList(azCol);
  p->nErr++;
  p->rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
  return 0;
}

/*
** Send mprintf-formatted content to the output callback.
*/
static void output_formatted(DState *p, const char *zFormat, ...){
  va_list ap;
  char *z;
  va_start(ap, zFormat);
  z = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFormat, ap);
  va_end(ap);
  p->xCallback(z, p->pArg);
  sqlite3_free(z);
}

/*
** Output the given string as a quoted string using SQL quoting conventions.
**
** The "\n" and "\r" characters are converted to char(10) and char(13)
** to prevent them from being transformed by end-of-line translators.
*/
static void output_quoted_string(DState *p, const unsigned char *z){
  int i;
  char c;
  int inQuote = 0;
  int bStarted = 0;

  for(i=0; (c = z[i])!=0 && c!='\'' && c!='\n' && c!='\r'; i++){}
  if( c==0 ){
    output_formatted(p, "'%s'", z);
    return;
  }
  while( *z ){
    for(i=0; (c = z[i])!=0 && c!='\n' && c!='\r' && c!='\''; i++){}
    if( c=='\'' ) i++;
    if( i ){
      if( !inQuote ){
        if( bStarted ) p->xCallback("||", p->pArg);
        p->xCallback("'", p->pArg);
        inQuote = 1;
      }
      output_formatted(p, "%.*s", i, z);
      z += i;
      bStarted = 1;
    }
    if( c=='\'' ){
      p->xCallback("'", p->pArg);
      continue;
    }
    if( inQuote ){
      p->xCallback("'", p->pArg);
      inQuote = 0;
    }
    if( c==0 ){
      break;
    }
    for(i=0; (c = z[i])=='\r' || c=='\n'; i++){
      if( bStarted ) p->xCallback("||", p->pArg);
      output_formatted(p, "char(%d)", c);
      bStarted = 1;
    }
    z += i;
  }
  if( inQuote ) p->xCallback("'", p->pArg);
}

/*
** This is an sqlite3_exec callback routine used for dumping the database.
** Each row received by this callback consists of a table name,
** the table type ("index" or "table") and SQL to create the table.
** This routine should print text sufficient to recreate the table.
*/
static int dump_callback(void *pArg, int nArg, char **azArg, char **azCol){
  int rc;
  const char *zTable;
  const char *zType;
  const char *zSql;
  DState *p = (DState*)pArg;
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;

  (void)azCol;
  if( nArg!=3 ) return 1;
  zTable = azArg[0];
  zType = azArg[1];
  zSql = azArg[2];

  if( strcmp(zTable, "sqlite_sequence")==0 ){
    p->xCallback("DELETE FROM sqlite_sequence;\n", p->pArg);
  }else if( sqlite3_strglob("sqlite_stat?", zTable)==0 ){
    p->xCallback("ANALYZE sqlite_master;\n", p->pArg);
  }else if( strncmp(zTable, "sqlite_", 7)==0 ){
    return 0;
  }else if( strncmp(zSql, "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE", 20)==0 ){
    if( !p->writableSchema ){
      p->xCallback("PRAGMA writable_schema=ON;\n", p->pArg);
      p->writableSchema = 1;
    }
    output_formatted(p,
       "INSERT INTO sqlite_master(type,name,tbl_name,rootpage,sql)"
       "VALUES('table','%q','%q',0,'%q');",
       zTable, zTable, zSql);
    return 0;
  }else{
    if( sqlite3_strglob("CREATE TABLE ['\"]*", zSql)==0 ){
      p->xCallback("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS ", p->pArg);
      p->xCallback(zSql+13, p->pArg);
    }else{
      p->xCallback(zSql, p->pArg);
    }
    p->xCallback(";\n", p->pArg);
  }

  if( strcmp(zType, "table")==0 ){
    DText sSelect;
    DText sTable;
    char **azCol;
    int i;
    int nCol;

    azCol = tableColumnList(p, zTable);
    if( azCol==0 ) return 0;

    initText(&sTable);
    appendText(&sTable, "INSERT INTO ", 0);

    /* Always quote the table name, even if it appears to be pure ascii,
    ** in case it is a keyword. Ex:  INSERT INTO "table" ... */
    appendText(&sTable, zTable, quoteChar(zTable));

    /* If preserving the rowid, add a column list after the table name.
    ** In other words:  "INSERT INTO tab(rowid,a,b,c,...) VALUES(...)"
    ** instead of the usual "INSERT INTO tab VALUES(...)".
    */
    if( azCol[0] ){
      appendText(&sTable, "(", 0);
      appendText(&sTable, azCol[0], 0);
      for(i=1; azCol[i]; i++){
        appendText(&sTable, ",", 0);
        appendText(&sTable, azCol[i], quoteChar(azCol[i]));
      }
      appendText(&sTable, ")", 0);
    }
    appendText(&sTable, " VALUES(", 0);

    /* Build an appropriate SELECT statement */
    initText(&sSelect);
    appendText(&sSelect, "SELECT ", 0);
    if( azCol[0] ){
      appendText(&sSelect, azCol[0], 0);
      appendText(&sSelect, ",", 0);
    }
    for(i=1; azCol[i]; i++){
      appendText(&sSelect, azCol[i], quoteChar(azCol[i]));
      if( azCol[i+1] ){
        appendText(&sSelect, ",", 0);
      }
    }
    nCol = i;
    if( azCol[0]==0 ) nCol--;
    freeColumnList(azCol);
    appendText(&sSelect, " FROM ", 0);
    appendText(&sSelect, zTable, quoteChar(zTable));

    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, sSelect.z, -1, &pStmt, 0);
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
      p->nErr++;
      if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ) p->rc = rc;
    }else{
      while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
        p->xCallback(sTable.z, p->pArg);
        for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
          if( i ) p->xCallback(",", p->pArg);
          switch( sqlite3_column_type(pStmt,i) ){
            case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
              output_formatted(p, "%lld", sqlite3_column_int64(pStmt,i));
              break;
            }
            case SQLITE_FLOAT: {
              double r = sqlite3_column_double(pStmt,i);
              output_formatted(p, "%!.20g", r);
              break;
            }
            case SQLITE_NULL: {
              p->xCallback("NULL", p->pArg);
              break;
            }
            case SQLITE_TEXT: {
              output_quoted_string(p, sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,i));
              break;
            }
            case SQLITE_BLOB: {
              int nByte = sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt,i);
              unsigned char *a = (unsigned char*)sqlite3_column_blob(pStmt,i);
              int j;
              p->xCallback("x'", p->pArg);
              for(j=0; j<nByte; j++){
                char zWord[3];
                zWord[0] = "0123456789abcdef"[(a[j]>>4)&15];
                zWord[1] = "0123456789abcdef"[a[j]&15];
                zWord[2] = 0;
                p->xCallback(zWord, p->pArg);
              }
              p->xCallback("'", p->pArg);
              break;
            }
          }
        }
        p->xCallback(");\n", p->pArg);
      }
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    freeText(&sTable);
    freeText(&sSelect);
  }
  return 0;
}


/*
** Execute a query statement that will generate SQL output.  Print
** the result columns, comma-separated, on a line and then add a
** semicolon terminator to the end of that line.
**
** If the number of columns is 1 and that column contains text "--"
** then write the semicolon on a separate line.  That way, if a
** "--" comment occurs at the end of the statement, the comment
** won't consume the semicolon terminator.
*/
static void output_sql_from_query(
  DState *p,               /* Query context */
  const char *zSelect,     /* SELECT statement to extract content */
  ...
){
  sqlite3_stmt *pSelect;
  int rc;
  int nResult;
  int i;
  const char *z;
  char *zSql;
  va_list ap;
  va_start(ap, zSelect);
  zSql = sqlite3_vmprintf(zSelect, ap);
  va_end(ap);
  if( zSql==0 ){
    p->rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
    p->nErr++;
    return;
  }
  rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pSelect, 0);
  sqlite3_free(zSql);
  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK || !pSelect ){
    output_formatted(p, "/**** ERROR: (%d) %s *****/\n", rc,
                sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
    p->nErr++;
    return;
  }
  rc = sqlite3_step(pSelect);
  nResult = sqlite3_column_count(pSelect);
  while( rc==SQLITE_ROW ){
    z = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSelect, 0);
    p->xCallback(z, p->pArg);
    for(i=1; i<nResult; i++){
      p->xCallback(",", p->pArg);
      p->xCallback((const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSelect,i), p->pArg);
    }
    if( z==0 ) z = "";
    while( z[0] && (z[0]!='-' || z[1]!='-') ) z++;
    if( z[0] ){
      p->xCallback("\n;\n", p->pArg);
    }else{
      p->xCallback(";\n", p->pArg);
    }
    rc = sqlite3_step(pSelect);
  }
  rc = sqlite3_finalize(pSelect);
  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
    output_formatted(p, "/**** ERROR: (%d) %s *****/\n", rc,
                     sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
    if( (rc&0xff)!=SQLITE_CORRUPT ) p->nErr++;
  }
}

/*
** Run zQuery.  Use dump_callback() as the callback routine so that
** the contents of the query are output as SQL statements.
**
** If we get a SQLITE_CORRUPT error, rerun the query after appending
** "ORDER BY rowid DESC" to the end.
*/
static void run_schema_dump_query(
  DState *p,
  const char *zQuery,
  ...
){
  char *zErr = 0;
  char *z;
  va_list ap;
  va_start(ap, zQuery);
  z = sqlite3_vmprintf(zQuery, ap);
  va_end(ap); 
  sqlite3_exec(p->db, z, dump_callback, p, &zErr);
  sqlite3_free(z);
  if( zErr ){
    output_formatted(p, "/****** %s ******/\n", zErr);
    sqlite3_free(zErr);
    p->nErr++;
    zErr = 0;
  }
}

/*
** Convert an SQLite database into SQL statements that will recreate that
** database.
*/
int sqlite3_db_dump(
  sqlite3 *db,               /* The database connection */
  const char *zSchema,       /* Which schema to dump.  Usually "main". */
  const char *zTable,        /* Which table to dump.  NULL means everything. */
  int (*xCallback)(const char*,void*),   /* Output sent to this callback */
  void *pArg                             /* Second argument of the callback */
){
  DState x;
  memset(&x, 0, sizeof(x));
  x.rc = sqlite3_exec(db, "BEGIN", 0, 0, 0);
  if( x.rc ) return x.rc;
  x.db = db;
  x.xCallback = xCallback;
  x.pArg = pArg;
  xCallback("PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;\nBEGIN TRANSACTION;\n", pArg);
  if( zTable==0 ){
    run_schema_dump_query(&x,
      "SELECT name, type, sql FROM \"%w\".sqlite_master "
      "WHERE sql NOT NULL AND type=='table' AND name!='sqlite_sequence'",
      zSchema
    );
    run_schema_dump_query(&x,
      "SELECT name, type, sql FROM \"%w\".sqlite_master "
      "WHERE name=='sqlite_sequence'", zSchema
    );
    output_sql_from_query(&x,
      "SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master "
      "WHERE sql NOT NULL AND type IN ('index','trigger','view')", 0
    );
  }else{
    run_schema_dump_query(&x,
      "SELECT name, type, sql FROM \"%w\".sqlite_master "
      "WHERE tbl_name=%Q COLLATE nocase AND type=='table'"
      "  AND sql NOT NULL",
      zSchema, zTable
    );
    output_sql_from_query(&x,
      "SELECT sql FROM \"%w\".sqlite_master "
      "WHERE sql NOT NULL"
      "  AND type IN ('index','trigger','view')"
      "  AND tbl_name=%Q COLLATE nocase",
      zSchema, zTable
    ); 
  }
  if( x.writableSchema ){
    xCallback("PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF;\n", pArg);
  }
  xCallback(x.nErr ? "ROLLBACK; -- due to errors\n" : "COMMIT;\n", pArg);
  sqlite3_exec(db, "COMMIT", 0, 0, 0);
  return x.rc;
}



/* The generic subroutine is above.  The code the follows implements
** the command-line interface.
*/
#ifdef DBDUMP_STANDALONE
#include <stdio.h>

/*
** Command-line interface
*/
int main(int argc, char **argv){
  sqlite3 *db;
  const char *zDb;
  const char *zSchema;
  const char *zTable = 0;
  int rc;

  if( argc<2 || argc>4 ){
    fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s DATABASE ?SCHEMA? ?TABLE?\n", argv[0]);
    return 1;
  }
  zDb = argv[1];
  zSchema = argc>=3 ? argv[2] : "main";
  zTable = argc==4 ? argv[3] : 0;

  rc = sqlite3_open(zDb, &db);
  if( rc ){
    fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open \"%s\": %s\n", zDb, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
    sqlite3_close(db);
    return 1;
  }
  rc = sqlite3_db_dump(db, zSchema, zTable, 
          (int(*)(const char*,void*))fputs, (void*)stdout);
  if( rc ){
    fprintf(stderr, "Error: sqlite3_db_dump() returns %d\n", rc);
  }
  sqlite3_close(db);
  return rc!=SQLITE_OK;  
}
#endif /* DBDUMP_STANDALONE */

};

/* Bit values for the JsonNode.jnFlag field
*/
#define JNODE_RAW     0x01         /* Content is raw, not JSON encoded */
#define JNODE_ESCAPE  0x02         /* Content is text with \ escapes */
#define JNODE_REMOVE  0x04         /* Do not output */
#define JNODE_REPLACE 0x08         /* Replace with JsonNode.u.iReplace */
#define JNODE_PATCH   0x10         /* Patch with JsonNode.u.pPatch */
#define JNODE_APPEND  0x20         /* More ARRAY/OBJECT entries at u.iAppend */
#define JNODE_LABEL   0x40         /* Is a label of an object */


/* A single node of parsed JSON
*/
struct JsonNode {
  u8 eType;              /* One of the JSON_ type values */
  u8 jnFlags;            /* JNODE flags */

  u32 n;                 /* Bytes of content, or number of sub-nodes */
  union {
    const char *zJContent; /* Content for INT, REAL, and STRING */
    u32 iAppend;           /* More terms for ARRAY and OBJECT */
    u32 iKey;              /* Key for ARRAY objects in json_tree() */
    u32 iReplace;          /* Replacement content for JNODE_REPLACE */
    JsonNode *pPatch;      /* Node chain of patch for JNODE_PATCH */
  } u;
};

/* A completely parsed JSON string
*/
struct JsonParse {
  u32 nNode;         /* Number of slots of aNode[] used */

** the number of JsonNode objects that are encoded.
*/
static void jsonRenderNode(
  JsonNode *pNode,               /* The node to render */
  JsonString *pOut,              /* Write JSON here */
  sqlite3_value **aReplace       /* Replacement values */
){
  if( pNode->jnFlags & (JNODE_REPLACE|JNODE_PATCH) ){
    if( pNode->jnFlags & JNODE_REPLACE ){
      jsonAppendValue(pOut, aReplace[pNode->u.iReplace]);
      return;
    }
    pNode = pNode->u.pPatch;
  }
  switch( pNode->eType ){
    default: {
      assert( pNode->eType==JSON_NULL );
      jsonAppendRaw(pOut, "null", 4);
      break;
    }
    case JSON_TRUE: {

      break;
    }
    case JSON_ARRAY: {
      u32 j = 1;
      jsonAppendChar(pOut, '[');
      for(;;){
        while( j<=pNode->n ){

          if( (pNode[j].jnFlags & JNODE_REMOVE)==0 ){




            jsonAppendSeparator(pOut);
            jsonRenderNode(&pNode[j], pOut, aReplace);
          }
          j += jsonNodeSize(&pNode[j]);
        }
        if( (pNode->jnFlags & JNODE_APPEND)==0 ) break;
        pNode = &pNode[pNode->u.iAppend];

      jsonAppendChar(pOut, '{');
      for(;;){
        while( j<=pNode->n ){
          if( (pNode[j+1].jnFlags & JNODE_REMOVE)==0 ){
            jsonAppendSeparator(pOut);
            jsonRenderNode(&pNode[j], pOut, aReplace);
            jsonAppendChar(pOut, ':');



            jsonRenderNode(&pNode[j+1], pOut, aReplace);

          }
          j += 1 + jsonNodeSize(&pNode[j+1]);
        }
        if( (pNode->jnFlags & JNODE_APPEND)==0 ) break;
        pNode = &pNode[pNode->u.iAppend];
        j = 1;
      }

  JsonNode *p;
  if( pParse->nNode>=pParse->nAlloc ){
    return jsonParseAddNodeExpand(pParse, eType, n, zContent);
  }
  p = &pParse->aNode[pParse->nNode];
  p->eType = (u8)eType;
  p->jnFlags = 0;

  p->n = n;
  p->u.zJContent = zContent;
  return pParse->nNode++;
}

/*
** Return true if z[] begins with 4 (or more) hexadecimal digits

){
  char *zMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("json_%s() needs an odd number of arguments",
                               zFuncName);
  sqlite3_result_error(pCtx, zMsg, -1);
  sqlite3_free(zMsg);     
}

/*
** Mark all NULL entries in the Object passed in as JNODE_REMOVE.
*/
static void jsonRemoveAllNulls(JsonNode *pNode){
  int i, n;
  assert( pNode->eType==JSON_OBJECT );
  n = pNode->n;
  for(i=2; i<=n; i += jsonNodeSize(&pNode[i])+1){
    switch( pNode[i].eType ){
      case JSON_NULL:
        pNode[i].jnFlags |= JNODE_REMOVE;
        break;
      case JSON_OBJECT:
        jsonRemoveAllNulls(&pNode[i]);
        break;
    }
  }
}


/****************************************************************************
** SQL functions used for testing and debugging
****************************************************************************/

#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
/*

    jsonAppendChar(&jx, ']');
    jsonResult(&jx);
    sqlite3_result_subtype(ctx, JSON_SUBTYPE);
  }
  jsonReset(&jx);
  jsonParseReset(&x);
}

/* This is the RFC 7396 MergePatch algorithm.
*/
static JsonNode *jsonMergePatch(
  JsonParse *pParse,   /* The JSON parser that contains the TARGET */
  int iTarget,         /* Node of the TARGET in pParse */
  JsonNode *pPatch     /* The PATCH */
){
  u32 i, j;
  u32 iRoot;
  JsonNode *pTarget;
  if( pPatch->eType!=JSON_OBJECT ){
    return pPatch;
  }
  assert( iTarget>=0 && iTarget<pParse->nNode );
  pTarget = &pParse->aNode[iTarget];
  assert( (pPatch->jnFlags & JNODE_APPEND)==0 );
  if( pTarget->eType!=JSON_OBJECT ){
    jsonRemoveAllNulls(pPatch);
    return pPatch;
  }
  iRoot = iTarget;
  for(i=1; i<pPatch->n; i += jsonNodeSize(&pPatch[i+1])+1){
    u32 nKey;
    const char *zKey;
    assert( pPatch[i].eType==JSON_STRING );
    assert( pPatch[i].jnFlags & JNODE_LABEL );
    nKey = pPatch[i].n;
    zKey = pPatch[i].u.zJContent;
    assert( (pPatch[i].jnFlags & JNODE_RAW)==0 );
    for(j=1; j<pTarget->n; j += jsonNodeSize(&pTarget[j+1])+1 ){
      assert( pTarget[j].eType==JSON_STRING );
      assert( pTarget[j].jnFlags & JNODE_LABEL );
      assert( (pPatch[i].jnFlags & JNODE_RAW)==0 );
      if( pTarget[j].n==nKey && strncmp(pTarget[j].u.zJContent,zKey,nKey)==0 ){
        if( pTarget[j+1].jnFlags & (JNODE_REMOVE|JNODE_PATCH) ) break;
        if( pPatch[i+1].eType==JSON_NULL ){
          pTarget[j+1].jnFlags |= JNODE_REMOVE;
        }else{
          JsonNode *pNew = jsonMergePatch(pParse, iTarget+j+1, &pPatch[i+1]);
          if( pNew==0 ) return 0;
          pTarget = &pParse->aNode[iTarget];
          if( pNew!=&pTarget[j+1] ){
            pTarget[j+1].u.pPatch = pNew;
            pTarget[j+1].jnFlags |= JNODE_PATCH;
          }
        }
        break;
      }
    }
    if( j>=pTarget->n && pPatch[i+1].eType!=JSON_NULL ){
      int iStart, iPatch;
      iStart = jsonParseAddNode(pParse, JSON_OBJECT, 2, 0);
      jsonParseAddNode(pParse, JSON_STRING, nKey, zKey);
      iPatch = jsonParseAddNode(pParse, JSON_TRUE, 0, 0);
      if( pParse->oom ) return 0;
      jsonRemoveAllNulls(pPatch);
      pTarget = &pParse->aNode[iTarget];
      pParse->aNode[iRoot].jnFlags |= JNODE_APPEND;
      pParse->aNode[iRoot].u.iAppend = iStart - iRoot;
      iRoot = iStart;
      pParse->aNode[iPatch].jnFlags |= JNODE_PATCH;
      pParse->aNode[iPatch].u.pPatch = &pPatch[i+1];
    }
  }
  return pTarget;
}

/*
** Implementation of the json_mergepatch(JSON1,JSON2) function.  Return a JSON
** object that is the result of running the RFC 7396 MergePatch() algorithm
** on the two arguments.
*/
static void jsonPatchFunc(
  sqlite3_context *ctx,
  int argc,
  sqlite3_value **argv
){
  JsonParse x;     /* The JSON that is being patched */
  JsonParse y;     /* The patch */
  JsonNode *pResult;   /* The result of the merge */

  UNUSED_PARAM(argc);
  if( jsonParse(&x, ctx, (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0])) ) return;
  if( jsonParse(&y, ctx, (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[1])) ){
    jsonParseReset(&x);
    return;
  }
  pResult = jsonMergePatch(&x, 0, y.aNode);
  assert( pResult!=0 || x.oom );
  if( pResult ){
    jsonReturnJson(pResult, ctx, 0);
  }else{
    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(ctx);
  }
  jsonParseReset(&x);
  jsonParseReset(&y);
}


/*
** Implementation of the json_object(NAME,VALUE,...) function.  Return a JSON
** object that contains all name/value given in arguments.  Or if any name
** is not a string or if any value is a BLOB, throw an error.
*/
static void jsonObjectFunc(

  assert( x.nNode );
  for(i=1; i<(u32)argc; i+=2){
    zPath = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[i]);
    pNode = jsonLookup(&x, zPath, 0, ctx);
    if( x.nErr ) goto replace_err;
    if( pNode ){
      pNode->jnFlags |= (u8)JNODE_REPLACE;
      pNode->u.iReplace = i + 1;
    }
  }
  if( x.aNode[0].jnFlags & JNODE_REPLACE ){
    sqlite3_result_value(ctx, argv[x.aNode[0].u.iReplace]);
  }else{
    jsonReturnJson(x.aNode, ctx, argv);
  }
replace_err:
  jsonParseReset(&x);
}

    if( x.oom ){
      sqlite3_result_error_nomem(ctx);
      goto jsonSetDone;
    }else if( x.nErr ){
      goto jsonSetDone;
    }else if( pNode && (bApnd || bIsSet) ){
      pNode->jnFlags |= (u8)JNODE_REPLACE;
      pNode->u.iReplace = i + 1;
    }
  }
  if( x.aNode[0].jnFlags & JNODE_REPLACE ){
    sqlite3_result_value(ctx, argv[x.aNode[0].u.iReplace]);
  }else{
    jsonReturnJson(x.aNode, ctx, argv);
  }
jsonSetDone:
  jsonParseReset(&x);
}

    { "json",                 1, 0,   jsonRemoveFunc        },
    { "json_array",          -1, 0,   jsonArrayFunc         },
    { "json_array_length",    1, 0,   jsonArrayLengthFunc   },
    { "json_array_length",    2, 0,   jsonArrayLengthFunc   },
    { "json_extract",        -1, 0,   jsonExtractFunc       },
    { "json_insert",         -1, 0,   jsonSetFunc           },
    { "json_object",         -1, 0,   jsonObjectFunc        },
    { "json_patch",           2, 0,   jsonPatchFunc         },
    { "json_quote",           1, 0,   jsonQuoteFunc         },
    { "json_remove",         -1, 0,   jsonRemoveFunc        },
    { "json_replace",        -1, 0,   jsonReplaceFunc       },
    { "json_set",            -1, 1,   jsonSetFunc           },
    { "json_type",            1, 0,   jsonTypeFunc          },
    { "json_type",            2, 0,   jsonTypeFunc          },
    { "json_valid",           1, 0,   jsonValidFunc         },

**     sha3_query(Y,SIZE)
**
** The sha3(X) function computes the SHA3 hash of the input X, or NULL if
** X is NULL.
**
** The sha3_query(Y) function evalutes all queries in the SQL statements of Y
** and returns a hash of their results.
**
** The SIZE argument is optional.  If omitted, the SHA3-256 hash algorithm
** is used.  If SIZE is included it must be one of the integers 224, 256,
** 384, or 512, to determine SHA3 hash variant that is computed.
*/
#include "sqlite3ext.h"
SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
typedef sqlite3_uint64 u64;

  memcpy(&x, p, 8);
  return (i64)__builtin_bswap64(x);
#elif SQLITE_BYTEORDER==4321
  i64 x;
  memcpy(&x, p, 8);
  return x;
#else
  return (i64)(
    (((u64)p[0]) << 56) + 
    (((u64)p[1]) << 48) + 
    (((u64)p[2]) << 40) + 
    (((u64)p[3]) << 32) + 
    (((u64)p[4]) << 24) + 
    (((u64)p[5]) << 16) + 
    (((u64)p[6]) <<  8) + 
    (((u64)p[7]) <<  0)
  );
#endif
}

/*
** Functions to serialize a 16 bit integer, 32 bit real number and
** 64 bit integer. The value returned is the number of bytes written

	echo "static const char *zMainloop = " >> $@
	tclsh $(TOP)/tool/tostr.tcl $(TOP)/tool/spaceanal.tcl >> $@
	echo "; return zMainloop; }" >> $@

sqlite3_analyzer$(EXE): sqlite3_analyzer.c
	$(TCCX) $(TCL_FLAGS) sqlite3_analyzer.c -o $@ $(LIBTCL) $(THREADLIB) 

dbdump$(EXE):	$(TOP)/ext/misc/dbdump.c sqlite3.o
	$(TCCX) -DDBDUMP_STANDALONE -o dbdump$(EXE) \
            $(TOP)/ext/misc/dbdump.c sqlite3.o $(THREADLIB)

# Rules to build the 'testfixture' application.
#
TESTFIXTURE_FLAGS  = -DSQLITE_TEST=1 -DSQLITE_CRASH_TEST=1
TESTFIXTURE_FLAGS += -DSQLITE_SERVER=1 -DSQLITE_PRIVATE="" -DSQLITE_CORE
TESTFIXTURE_FLAGS += -DSQLITE_SERIES_CONSTRAINT_VERIFY=1
TESTFIXTURE_FLAGS += -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE=1024

      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IdxRowid, iIdxCur, regRowid);
    }else{
      Index *pPk = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pIdx->pTable);
      int j, k, regKey;
      regKey = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, pPk->nKeyCol);
      for(j=0; j<pPk->nKeyCol; j++){
        k = sqlite3ColumnOfIndex(pIdx, pPk->aiColumn[j]);
        assert( k>=0 && k<pIdx->nColumn );
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, iIdxCur, k, regKey+j);
        VdbeComment((v, "%s", pTab->aCol[pPk->aiColumn[j]].zName));
      }
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regKey, pPk->nKeyCol, regRowid);
      sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, regKey, pPk->nKeyCol);
    }
#endif

    BTREE_AUTOVACUUM_INCR
  );
  sqlite3BtreeLeave(p);
  return rc;
#endif
}

/*
** If the user has not set the safety-level for this database connection
** using "PRAGMA synchronous", and if the safety-level is not already
** set to the value passed to this function as the second parameter,
** set it so.
*/
#if SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS!=SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_SYNCHRONOUS
static void setDefaultSyncFlag(BtShared *pBt, u8 safety_level){
  sqlite3 *db;
  Db *pDb;
  if( (db=pBt->db)!=0 && (pDb=db->aDb)!=0 ){
    while( pDb->pBt==0 || pDb->pBt->pBt!=pBt ){ pDb++; }
    if( pDb->bSyncSet==0 
     && pDb->safety_level!=safety_level 
     && pDb!=&db->aDb[1] 
    ){
      pDb->safety_level = safety_level;
      sqlite3PagerSetFlags(pBt->pPager,
          pDb->safety_level | (db->flags & PAGER_FLAGS_MASK));
    }
  }
}
#else
# define setDefaultSyncFlag(pBt,safety_level)
#endif

/*
** Get a reference to pPage1 of the database file.  This will
** also acquire a readlock on that file.
**
** SQLITE_OK is returned on success.  If the file is not a
** well-formed database file, then SQLITE_CORRUPT is returned.

    */
    if( page1[19]==2 && (pBt->btsFlags & BTS_NO_WAL)==0 ){
      int isOpen = 0;
      rc = sqlite3PagerOpenWal(pBt->pPager, &isOpen);
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        goto page1_init_failed;
      }else{








        setDefaultSyncFlag(pBt, SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_SYNCHRONOUS+1);





        if( isOpen==0 ){
          releasePage(pPage1);
          return SQLITE_OK;
        }
      }
      rc = SQLITE_NOTADB;
    }else{
      setDefaultSyncFlag(pBt, SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS+1);
    }
#endif

    /* EVIDENCE-OF: R-15465-20813 The maximum and minimum embedded payload
    ** fractions and the leaf payload fraction values must be 64, 32, and 32.
    **
    ** The original design allowed these amounts to vary, but as of

#endif
#if SQLITE_DEFAULT_LOCKING_MODE
  "DEFAULT_LOCKING_MODE=" CTIMEOPT_VAL(SQLITE_DEFAULT_LOCKING_MODE),
#endif
#if defined(SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE) && !defined(SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE_xc)
  "DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE=" CTIMEOPT_VAL(SQLITE_DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE),
#endif
#if SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS
  "DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS=" CTIMEOPT_VAL(SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS),
#endif
#if SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_SYNCHRONOUS
  "DEFAULT_WAL_SYNCHRONOUS=" CTIMEOPT_VAL(SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_SYNCHRONOUS),
#endif
#if SQLITE_DIRECT_OVERFLOW_READ
  "DIRECT_OVERFLOW_READ",
#endif
#if SQLITE_DISABLE_DIRSYNC
  "DISABLE_DIRSYNC",
#endif
#if SQLITE_DISABLE_LFS

  if( typeHaystack==SQLITE_NULL || typeNeedle==SQLITE_NULL ) return;
  nHaystack = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
  nNeedle = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[1]);
  if( nNeedle>0 ){
    if( typeHaystack==SQLITE_BLOB && typeNeedle==SQLITE_BLOB ){
      zHaystack = sqlite3_value_blob(argv[0]);
      zNeedle = sqlite3_value_blob(argv[1]);


      isText = 0;
    }else{
      zHaystack = sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
      zNeedle = sqlite3_value_text(argv[1]);
      isText = 1;

    }
    if( zNeedle==0 || (nHaystack && zHaystack==0) ) return;
    while( nNeedle<=nHaystack && memcmp(zHaystack, zNeedle, nNeedle)!=0 ){
      N++;
      do{
        nHaystack--;
        zHaystack++;
      }while( isText && (zHaystack[0]&0xc0)==0x80 );
    }

      ** If any of the indexed columns use a collation sequence other than
      ** BINARY, this optimization is disabled. This is because the user 
      ** might change the definition of a collation sequence and then run
      ** a VACUUM command. In that case keys may not be written in strictly
      ** sorted order.  */
      for(i=0; i<pSrcIdx->nColumn; i++){
        const char *zColl = pSrcIdx->azColl[i];


        if( sqlite3_stricmp(sqlite3StrBINARY, zColl) ) break;
      }
      if( i==pSrcIdx->nColumn ){
        idxInsFlags = OPFLAG_USESEEKRESULT;
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Last, iDest, 0, -1);
      }
    }

  sqlite3_status64,
  sqlite3_strlike,
  sqlite3_db_cacheflush,
  /* Version 3.12.0 and later */
  sqlite3_system_errno,
  /* Version 3.14.0 and later */
  sqlite3_trace_v2,
  sqlite3_expanded_sql,
  /* Version 3.18.0 and later */
  sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid
};

/*
** Attempt to load an SQLite extension library contained in the file
** zFile.  The entry point is zProc.  zProc may be 0 in which case a
** default entry point name (sqlite3_extension_init) is used.  Use
** of the default name is recommended.

/*
** Use the zone allocator available on apple products unless the
** SQLITE_WITHOUT_ZONEMALLOC symbol is defined.
*/
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <malloc/malloc.h>
#ifdef SQLITE_MIGHT_BE_SINGLE_CORE
#include <libkern/OSAtomic.h>
#endif /* SQLITE_MIGHT_BE_SINGLE_CORE */
static malloc_zone_t* _sqliteZone_;
#define SQLITE_MALLOC(x) malloc_zone_malloc(_sqliteZone_, (x))
#define SQLITE_FREE(x) malloc_zone_free(_sqliteZone_, (x));
#define SQLITE_REALLOC(x,y) malloc_zone_realloc(_sqliteZone_, (x), (y))
#define SQLITE_MALLOCSIZE(x) \
        (_sqliteZone_ ? _sqliteZone_->size(_sqliteZone_,x) : malloc_size(x))

  sysctlbyname("hw.ncpu", &cpuCount, &len, NULL, 0);
  if( cpuCount>1 ){
    /* defer MT decisions to system malloc */
    _sqliteZone_ = malloc_default_zone();
  }else{
    /* only 1 core, use our own zone to contention over global locks, 
    ** e.g. we have our own dedicated locks */

    _sqliteZone_ = malloc_create_zone(4096, 0);
    malloc_set_zone_name(_sqliteZone_, "Sqlite_Heap");







  }

#endif /*  defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(SQLITE_WITHOUT_ZONEMALLOC) */
  UNUSED_PARAMETER(NotUsed);
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

/*
** Deinitialize this module.
*/

  case PragTyp_SYNCHRONOUS: {
    if( !zRight ){
      returnSingleInt(v, pDb->safety_level-1);
    }else{
      if( !db->autoCommit ){
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
            "Safety level may not be changed inside a transaction");
      }else if( iDb!=1 ){
        int iLevel = (getSafetyLevel(zRight,0,1)+1) & PAGER_SYNCHRONOUS_MASK;
        if( iLevel==0 ) iLevel = 1;
        pDb->safety_level = iLevel;
        pDb->bSyncSet = 1;
        setAllPagerFlags(db);
      }
    }

        Table *pTab = sqliteHashData(x);
        Index *pIdx, *pPk;
        Index *pPrior = 0;
        int loopTop;
        int iDataCur, iIdxCur;
        int r1 = -1;

        if( pTab->tnum<1 ) continue;  /* Skip VIEWs or VIRTUAL TABLEs */
        if( pTab->pCheck==0
         && (pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasNotNull)==0
         && (pTab->pIndex==0 || isQuick)
        ){
          continue;  /* No additional checks needed for this table */
        }
        pPk = HasRowid(pTab) ? 0 : sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab);

        if( flag_zeropad && precision<width-(prefix!=0) ){
          precision = width-(prefix!=0);
        }
        if( precision<etBUFSIZE-10-etBUFSIZE/3 ){
          nOut = etBUFSIZE;
          zOut = buf;
        }else{
          u64 n = (u64)precision + 10 + precision/3;
          zOut = zExtra = sqlite3Malloc( n );
          if( zOut==0 ){
            setStrAccumError(pAccum, STRACCUM_NOMEM);
            return;
          }
          nOut = (int)n;
        }
        bufpt = &zOut[nOut-1];
        if( xtype==etORDINAL ){
          static const char zOrd[] = "thstndrd";
          int x = (int)(longvalue % 10);
          if( x>=4 || (longvalue/10)%10==1 ){
            x = 0;

/*
** This is the callback routine from sqlite3_exec() that appends all
** output onto the end of a ShellText object.
*/
static int captureOutputCallback(void *pArg, int nArg, char **azArg, char **az){
  ShellText *p = (ShellText*)pArg;
  int i;
  UNUSED_PARAMETER(az);
  if( p->n ) appendText(p, "|", 0);
  for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
    if( i ) appendText(p, ",", 0);
    if( azArg[i] ) appendText(p, azArg[i], 0);
  }
  return 0;
}

        if( sqlite3_stricmp(azRowid[j],azCol[i])==0 ) break;
      }
      if( i>nCol ){
        /* At this point, we know that azRowid[j] is not the name of any
        ** ordinary column in the table.  Verify that azRowid[j] is a valid
        ** name for the rowid before adding it to azCol[0].  WITHOUT ROWID
        ** tables will fail this last check */

        rc = sqlite3_table_column_metadata(p->db,0,zTab,azRowid[j],0,0,0,0,0);
        if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) azCol[0] = azRowid[j];
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  return azCol;

/*
** This is a different callback routine used for dumping the database.
** Each row received by this callback consists of a table name,
** the table type ("index" or "table") and SQL to create the table.
** This routine should print text sufficient to recreate the table.
*/
static int dump_callback(void *pArg, int nArg, char **azArg, char **azNotUsed){
  int rc;
  const char *zTable;
  const char *zType;
  const char *zSql;
  ShellState *p = (ShellState *)pArg;

  UNUSED_PARAMETER(azNotUsed);
  if( nArg!=3 ) return 1;
  zTable = azArg[0];
  zType = azArg[1];
  zSql = azArg[2];

  if( strcmp(zTable, "sqlite_sequence")==0 ){
    raw_printf(p->out, "DELETE FROM sqlite_sequence;\n");

  ".quit                  Exit this program\n"
  ".read FILENAME         Execute SQL in FILENAME\n"
  ".restore ?DB? FILE     Restore content of DB (default \"main\") from FILE\n"
  ".save FILE             Write in-memory database into FILE\n"
  ".scanstats on|off      Turn sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() metrics on or off\n"
  ".schema ?PATTERN?      Show the CREATE statements matching PATTERN\n"
  "                          Add --indent for pretty-printing\n"
  ".selftest ?--init?     Run tests defined in the SELFTEST table\n"
  ".separator COL ?ROW?   Change the column separator and optionally the row\n"
  "                         separator for both the output mode and .import\n"
#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
  ".session CMD ...       Create or control sessions\n"
#endif
  ".sha3sum ?OPTIONS...?  Compute a SHA3 hash of database content\n"
  ".shell CMD ARGS...     Run CMD ARGS... in a system shell\n"

    int i;
    ShellClearFlag(p, SHFLG_PreserveRowid);
    for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
      if( azArg[i][0]=='-' ){
        const char *z = azArg[i]+1;
        if( z[0]=='-' ) z++;
        if( strcmp(z,"preserve-rowids")==0 ){
#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
          raw_printf(stderr, "The --preserve-rowids option is not compatible"
                             " with SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE\n");
          rc = 1;
          goto meta_command_exit;
#else
          ShellSetFlag(p, SHFLG_PreserveRowid);
#endif
        }else
        {
          raw_printf(stderr, "Unknown option \"%s\" on \".dump\"\n", azArg[i]);
          rc = 1;
          goto meta_command_exit;
        }
      }else if( zLike ){

**
** Since [version 3.6.18] ([dateof:3.6.18]), 
** SQLite source code has been stored in the
** <a href="http://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management
** system</a>.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to
** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite
** within its configuration management system.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID
** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and a SHA1
** or SHA3-256 hash of the entire source tree.
**
** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
*/
#define SQLITE_VERSION        "--VERS--"
#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER --VERSION-NUMBER--

** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>)^
**
** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>)^
**
** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
** used to implement an SQL statement.  If [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
** the equivalent tries to allocate space for more than this many opcodes
** in a single prepared statement, an SQLITE_NOMEM error is returned.</dd>)^
**
** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>)^
**
** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
** <dd>The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^</dd>
**

#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11


/*
** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
** METHOD: sqlite3
** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
**

  int (*strlike)(const char*,const char*,unsigned int);
  int (*db_cacheflush)(sqlite3*);
  /* Version 3.12.0 and later */
  int (*system_errno)(sqlite3*);
  /* Version 3.14.0 and later */
  int (*trace_v2)(sqlite3*,unsigned,int(*)(unsigned,void*,void*,void*),void*);
  char *(*expanded_sql)(sqlite3_stmt*);
  /* Version 3.18.0 and later */
  void (*set_last_insert_rowid)(sqlite3*,sqlite3_int64);
};

/*
** This is the function signature used for all extension entry points.  It
** is also defined in the file "loadext.c".
*/
typedef int (*sqlite3_loadext_entry)(

#define sqlite3_strlike                sqlite3_api->strlike
#define sqlite3_db_cacheflush          sqlite3_api->db_cacheflush
/* Version 3.12.0 and later */
#define sqlite3_system_errno           sqlite3_api->system_errno
/* Version 3.14.0 and later */
#define sqlite3_trace_v2               sqlite3_api->trace_v2
#define sqlite3_expanded_sql           sqlite3_api->expanded_sql
/* Version 3.18.0 and later */
#define sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid  sqlite3_api->set_last_insert_rowid
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_CORE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION) */

#if !defined(SQLITE_CORE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION)
  /* This case when the file really is being compiled as a loadable 
  ** extension */
# define SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1     const sqlite3_api_routines *sqlite3_api=0;
# define SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(v)  sqlite3_api=v;

**   EXTRA         4                         3
**
** The "PRAGMA synchronous" statement also uses the zero-based numbers.
** In other words, the zero-based numbers are used for all external interfaces
** and the one-based values are used internally.
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS
# define SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS 2
#endif
#ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_SYNCHRONOUS
# define SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_SYNCHRONOUS SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS
#endif

/*
** Each database file to be accessed by the system is an instance

#endif

/*
** The maximum number of opcodes in a VDBE program.
** Not currently enforced.
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_MAX_VDBE_OP
# define SQLITE_MAX_VDBE_OP 250000000
#endif

/*
** The maximum number of arguments to an SQL function.
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_MAX_FUNCTION_ARG
# define SQLITE_MAX_FUNCTION_ARG 127

  LINKVAR( MAX_PAGE_SIZE );
  LINKVAR( MAX_PAGE_COUNT );
  LINKVAR( MAX_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH );
  LINKVAR( MAX_TRIGGER_DEPTH );
  LINKVAR( DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE );
  LINKVAR( DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE );
  LINKVAR( DEFAULT_FILE_FORMAT );
  LINKVAR( DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS );
  LINKVAR( DEFAULT_WAL_SYNCHRONOUS );
  LINKVAR( MAX_ATTACHED );
  LINKVAR( MAX_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE );
  LINKVAR( MAX_WORKER_THREADS );

  {
    static const int cv_TEMP_STORE = SQLITE_TEMP_STORE;
    Tcl_LinkVar(interp, "TEMP_STORE", (char *)&(cv_TEMP_STORE),

      ** it needs to fill in the non-locking-region part of the original
      ** pending-byte page.
      */
    }else{
      u32 pgno = (u32)(iOfst/p->nPagesize + 1);
      assert( (iAmt==1||iAmt==(int)p->nPagesize) &&
              ((iOfst+iAmt)%p->nPagesize)==0 );
      /* The following assert() statements may fail if this layer is used
      ** with a connection in "PRAGMA synchronous=off" mode. If they
      ** fail with sync=normal or sync=full, this may indicate problem.  */
      assert( pgno<=p->nPage || p->nSync>0 );
      assert( pgno>p->nPage || sqlite3BitvecTest(p->pWritable, pgno) );
    }
  }

  rc = sqlite3OsWrite(p->pReal, zBuf, iAmt, iOfst);
  if( (p->flags&SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL) && iAmt==12 ){

      assert( (f & (MEM_Dyn|MEM_Ephem))==0 );
    }else if( f & MEM_Ephem ){
      c = 'e';
      assert( (f & (MEM_Static|MEM_Dyn))==0 );
    }else{
      c = 's';
    }
    *(zCsr++) = c;


    sqlite3_snprintf(100, zCsr, "%d[", pMem->n);
    zCsr += sqlite3Strlen30(zCsr);
    for(i=0; i<16 && i<pMem->n; i++){
      sqlite3_snprintf(100, zCsr, "%02X", ((int)pMem->z[i] & 0xFF));
      zCsr += sqlite3Strlen30(zCsr);
    }
    for(i=0; i<16 && i<pMem->n; i++){
      char z = pMem->z[i];
      if( z<32 || z>126 ) *zCsr++ = '.';
      else *zCsr++ = z;
    }
    *(zCsr++) = ']';


    if( f & MEM_Zero ){
      sqlite3_snprintf(100, zCsr,"+%dz",pMem->u.nZero);
      zCsr += sqlite3Strlen30(zCsr);
    }
    *zCsr = '\0';
  }else if( f & MEM_Str ){
    int j, k;

    pOut->u.i = ~sqlite3VdbeIntValue(pIn1);
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: Once P1 P2 * * *
**
** Fall through to the next instruction the first time this opcode is
** encountered on each invocation of the byte-code program.  Jump to P2
** on the second and all subsequent encounters during the same invocation.
**
** Top-level programs determine first invocation by comparing the P1
** operand against the P1 operand on the OP_Init opcode at the beginning
** of the program.  If the P1 values differ, then fall through and make
** the P1 of this opcode equal to the P1 of OP_Init.  If P1 values are
** the same then take the jump.
**
** For subprograms, there is a bitmask in the VdbeFrame that determines
** whether or not the jump should be taken.  The bitmask is necessary
** because the self-altering code trick does not work for recursive
** triggers.
*/
case OP_Once: {             /* jump */
  u32 iAddr;                /* Address of this instruction */
  assert( p->aOp[0].opcode==OP_Init );
  if( p->pFrame ){
    iAddr = (int)(pOp - p->aOp);
    if( (p->pFrame->aOnce[iAddr/8] & (1<<(iAddr & 7)))!=0 ){
      VdbeBranchTaken(1, 2);

      goto jump_to_p2;
    }
    p->pFrame->aOnce[iAddr/8] |= 1<<(iAddr & 7);
  }else{
    if( p->aOp[0].p1==pOp->p1 ){
      VdbeBranchTaken(1, 2);
      goto jump_to_p2;
    }
  }
  VdbeBranchTaken(0, 2);
  pOp->p1 = p->aOp[0].p1;
  break;
}

/* Opcode: If P1 P2 P3 * *
**
** Jump to P2 if the value in register P1 is true.  The value
** is considered true if it is numeric and non-zero.  If the value

     || (len = sqlite3VdbeSerialTypeLen(t))==0
    ){
      /* Content is irrelevant for
      **    1. the typeof() function,
      **    2. the length(X) function if X is a blob, and
      **    3. if the content length is zero.
      ** So we might as well use bogus content rather than reading
      ** content from disk. 
      **
      ** Although sqlite3VdbeSerialGet() may read at most 8 bytes from the
      ** buffer passed to it, debugging function VdbeMemPrettyPrint() may
      ** read up to 16. So 16 bytes of bogus content is supplied.
      */
      static u8 aZero[16];  /* This is the bogus content */
      sqlite3VdbeSerialGet(aZero, t, pDest);
    }else{
      rc = sqlite3VdbeMemFromBtree(pC->uc.pCursor, aOffset[p2], len, pDest);
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto abort_due_to_error;
      sqlite3VdbeSerialGet((const u8*)pDest->z, t, pDest);
      pDest->flags &= ~MEM_Ephem;
    }

    ** variable nMem (and later, VdbeFrame.nChildMem) to this value.
    */
    nMem = pProgram->nMem + pProgram->nCsr;
    assert( nMem>0 );
    if( pProgram->nCsr==0 ) nMem++;
    nByte = ROUND8(sizeof(VdbeFrame))
              + nMem * sizeof(Mem)
              + pProgram->nCsr * sizeof(VdbeCursor*)
              + (pProgram->nOp + 7)/8;
    pFrame = sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, nByte);
    if( !pFrame ){
      goto no_mem;
    }
    sqlite3VdbeMemRelease(pRt);
    pRt->flags = MEM_Frame;
    pRt->u.pFrame = pFrame;

  p->pAuxData = 0;
  p->nChange = 0;
  p->pFrame = pFrame;
  p->aMem = aMem = VdbeFrameMem(pFrame);
  p->nMem = pFrame->nChildMem;
  p->nCursor = (u16)pFrame->nChildCsr;
  p->apCsr = (VdbeCursor **)&aMem[p->nMem];
  pFrame->aOnce = (u8*)&p->apCsr[pProgram->nCsr];
  memset(pFrame->aOnce, 0, (pProgram->nOp + 7)/8);
  p->aOp = aOp = pProgram->aOp;
  p->nOp = pProgram->nOp;
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS
  p->anExec = 0;
#endif
  pOp = &aOp[-1];

    if( db->mTrace & SQLITE_TRACE_LEGACY ){
      void (*x)(void*,const char*) = (void(*)(void*,const char*))db->xTrace;
      char *z = sqlite3VdbeExpandSql(p, zTrace);
      x(db->pTraceArg, z);
      sqlite3_free(z);
    }else
#endif

    if( db->nVdbeExec>1 ){
      char *z = sqlite3MPrintf(db, "-- %s", zTrace);
      (void)db->xTrace(SQLITE_TRACE_STMT, db->pTraceArg, p, z);
      sqlite3DbFree(db, z);
    }else{
      (void)db->xTrace(SQLITE_TRACE_STMT, db->pTraceArg, p, zTrace);
    }
  }
#ifdef SQLITE_USE_FCNTL_TRACE
  zTrace = (pOp->p4.z ? pOp->p4.z : p->zSql);
  if( zTrace ){
    int j;

** A sub-routine used to implement a trigger program.
*/
struct SubProgram {
  VdbeOp *aOp;                  /* Array of opcodes for sub-program */
  int nOp;                      /* Elements in aOp[] */
  int nMem;                     /* Number of memory cells required */
  int nCsr;                     /* Number of cursors required */
  u8 *aOnce;                    /* Array of OP_Once flags */
  void *token;                  /* id that may be used to recursive triggers */
  SubProgram *pNext;            /* Next sub-program already visited */
};

/*
** A smaller version of VdbeOp used for the VdbeAddOpList() function because
** it takes up less space.

struct VdbeFrame {
  Vdbe *v;                /* VM this frame belongs to */
  VdbeFrame *pParent;     /* Parent of this frame, or NULL if parent is main */
  Op *aOp;                /* Program instructions for parent frame */
  i64 *anExec;            /* Event counters from parent frame */
  Mem *aMem;              /* Array of memory cells for parent frame */
  VdbeCursor **apCsr;     /* Array of Vdbe cursors for parent frame */
  u8 *aOnce;              /* Bitmask used by OP_Once */
  void *token;            /* Copy of SubProgram.token */
  i64 lastRowid;          /* Last insert rowid (sqlite3.lastRowid) */
  AuxData *pAuxData;      /* Linked list of auxdata allocations */
  int nCursor;            /* Number of entries in apCsr */
  int pc;                 /* Program Counter in parent (calling) frame */
  int nOp;                /* Size of aOp array */
  int nMem;               /* Number of entries in aMem */

  ** size of the op array or add 1KB of space, whichever is smaller. */
#ifdef SQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS
  int nNew = (p->nOpAlloc>=512 ? p->nOpAlloc*2 : p->nOpAlloc+nOp);
#else
  int nNew = (p->nOpAlloc ? p->nOpAlloc*2 : (int)(1024/sizeof(Op)));
  UNUSED_PARAMETER(nOp);
#endif

  /* Ensure that the size of a VDBE does not grow too large */
  if( nNew > p->db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP] ){
    sqlite3OomFault(p->db);
    return SQLITE_NOMEM;
  }

  assert( nOp<=(1024/sizeof(Op)) );
  assert( nNew>=(p->nOpAlloc+nOp) );
  pNew = sqlite3DbRealloc(p->db, v->aOp, nNew*sizeof(Op));
  if( pNew ){
    p->szOpAlloc = sqlite3DbMallocSize(p->db, pNew);
    p->nOpAlloc = p->szOpAlloc/sizeof(Op);

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/tester.tcl

# There is nothing to test if ANALYZE is disable for this build.
# These tests also use "PRAGMA stats" which are only enabled for
# debugging builds.
#
ifcapable {!debug || !analyze || !vtab} {
  finish_test
  return
}

do_execsql_test autoanalyze1-100 {
  -- Build up a test table with some indexes
  CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b, c, d);

do_catchsql_test 9.2 {
  UPDATE t1 SET b=0 WHERE a=1;
} {1 {CHECK constraint failed: b-check}}
do_catchsql_test 9.3 {
  UPDATE t1 SET c=a*2 WHERE a=1;
} {1 {CHECK constraint failed: c-check}}

# Integrity check on a VIEW with columns.
#
db close
db2 close
forcedelete test.db
sqlite3 db test.db
do_execsql_test 10.1 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(x);
  CREATE VIEW v1(y) AS SELECT x FROM t1;
  PRAGMA integrity_check;
} {ok}

finish_test

#
#***********************************************************************
# Test cases for a crash bug.
#

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/tester.tcl
set testprefix collateB

do_execsql_test collateB-1.1 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY);
  CREATE TABLE t2(b INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, x1 INT COLLATE NOCASE);
  CREATE TABLE t3(x2 INT);
  SELECT * FROM t3, t2, t1 WHERE x2=b AND x1=a AND a=1;
} {}

} {11 1 1 11 |}
do_execsql_test collateB-1.16 {
  SELECT *,'|' FROM t1, t2, t3 WHERE b=x2 AND a=x1 AND 1=a;
} {1 11 1 11 |}
do_execsql_test collateB-1.17 {
  SELECT *,'|' FROM t1, t2, t3 WHERE b=x2 AND a=x1 AND 1=a;
} {1 11 1 11 |}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Test an assert() failure that was occuring if an index were created
# on a column explicitly declared "COLLATE binary".
reset_db
do_execsql_test 2.1 {
  CREATE TABLE t4(a COLLATE binary);
  CREATE INDEX i4 ON t4(a);
  INSERT INTO t4 VALUES('one'), ('two'), ('three');
  VACUUM;
} 

integrity_check 2.2

finish_test

"  -q|--quiet           Reduced output\n"
"  --limit-mem N        Limit memory used by test SQLite instance to N bytes\n"
"  --limit-vdbe         Panic if any test runs for more than 100,000 cycles\n"
"  --load-sql ARGS...   Load SQL scripts fro files into SOURCE-DB\n"
"  --load-db ARGS...    Load template databases from files into SOURCE_DB\n"
"  -m TEXT              Add a description to the database\n"
"  --native-vfs         Use the native VFS for initially empty database files\n"
"  --native-malloc      Turn off MEMSYS3/5 and Lookaside\n"
"  --oss-fuzz           Enable OSS-FUZZ testing\n"
"  --prng-seed N        Seed value for the PRGN inside of SQLite\n"
"  --rebuild            Rebuild and vacuum the database file\n"
"  --result-trace       Show the results of each SQL command\n"
"  --sqlid N            Use only SQL where sqlid=N\n"
"  --timeout N          Abort if any single test needs more than N seconds\n"
"  -v|--verbose         Increased output.  Repeat for more output.\n"

  int nMem = 0;                /* Memory limit */
  int nMemThisDb = 0;          /* Memory limit set by the CONFIG table */
  char *zExpDb = 0;            /* Write Databases to files in this directory */
  char *zExpSql = 0;           /* Write SQL to files in this directory */
  void *pHeap = 0;             /* Heap for use by SQLite */
  int ossFuzz = 0;             /* enable OSS-FUZZ testing */
  int ossFuzzThisDb = 0;       /* ossFuzz value for this particular database */
  int nativeMalloc = 0;        /* Turn off MEMSYS3/5 and lookaside if true */
  sqlite3_vfs *pDfltVfs;       /* The default VFS */

  iBegin = timeOfDay();
#ifdef __unix__
  signal(SIGALRM, timeoutHandler);
#endif
  g.zArgv0 = argv[0];

        zInsSql = "INSERT INTO db(dbcontent) VALUES(readfile(?1))";
        iFirstInsArg = i+1;
        break;
      }else
      if( strcmp(z,"m")==0 ){
        if( i>=argc-1 ) fatalError("missing arguments on %s", argv[i]);
        zMsg = argv[++i];
      }else
      if( strcmp(z,"native-malloc")==0 ){
        nativeMalloc = 1;
      }else
      if( strcmp(z,"native-vfs")==0 ){
        nativeFlag = 1;
      }else
      if( strcmp(z,"oss-fuzz")==0 ){
        ossFuzz = 1;
      }else

      fatalError("cannot import into more than one database");
    }
  }

  /* Process each source database separately */
  for(iSrcDb=0; iSrcDb<nSrcDb; iSrcDb++){
    rc = sqlite3_open_v2(azSrcDb[iSrcDb], &db,
                         SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE, pDfltVfs->zName);
    if( rc ){
      fatalError("cannot open source database %s - %s",
      azSrcDb[iSrcDb], sqlite3_errmsg(db));
    }
    rc = sqlite3_exec(db,
       "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS db(\n"
       "  dbid INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, -- database id\n"

      while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
        const char *zName = (const char *)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0);
        if( zName==0 ) continue;
        if( strcmp(zName, "oss-fuzz")==0 ){
          ossFuzzThisDb = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt,1);
          if( verboseFlag ) printf("Config: oss-fuzz=%d\n", ossFuzzThisDb);
        }
        if( strcmp(zName, "limit-mem")==0 && !nativeMalloc ){
#if !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3) && !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5)
          fatalError("the limit-mem option requires -DSQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5"
                     " or _MEMSYS3");
#else
          nMemThisDb = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt,1);
          if( verboseFlag ) printf("Config: limit-mem=%d\n", nMemThisDb);
#endif

      sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
      rc = sqlite3_exec(db, "COMMIT", 0, 0, 0);
      if( rc ) fatalError("cannot commit the transaction: %s", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
      rebuild_database(db);
      sqlite3_close(db);
      return 0;
    }
    rc = sqlite3_exec(db, "PRAGMA query_only=1;", 0, 0, 0);
    if( rc ) fatalError("cannot set database to query-only");
    if( zExpDb!=0 || zExpSql!=0 ){
      sqlite3_create_function(db, "writefile", 2, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
                              writefileFunc, 0, 0);
      if( zExpDb!=0 ){
        const char *zExDb = 
          "SELECT writefile(printf('%s/db%06d.db',?1,dbid),dbcontent),"
          "       dbid, printf('%s/db%06d.db',?1,dbid), length(dbcontent)"

    */
    sqlite3_close(db);
    if( sqlite3_memory_used()>0 ){
      fatalError("SQLite has memory in use before the start of testing");
    }

    /* Limit available memory, if requested */

    sqlite3_shutdown();
    if( nMemThisDb>0 && !nativeMalloc ){
      pHeap = realloc(pHeap, nMemThisDb);
      if( pHeap==0 ){
        fatalError("failed to allocate %d bytes of heap memory", nMem);
      }
      sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP, pHeap, nMemThisDb, 128);
    }

    /* Disable lookaside with the --native-malloc option */
    if( nativeMalloc ){
      sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE, 0, 0);
    }
  
    /* Reset the in-memory virtual filesystem */
    formatVfs();
    
    /* Run a test using each SQL script against each database.
    */
    if( !verboseFlag && !quietFlag ) printf("%s:", zDbName);

            sqlite3_progress_handler(db, 100000, progressHandler, &vdbeLimitFlag);
          }
#endif
          do{
            runSql(db, (char*)pSql->a, runFlags);
          }while( timeoutTest );
          setAlarm(0);
          sqlite3_exec(db, "PRAGMA temp_store_directory=''", 0, 0, 0);
          sqlite3_close(db);
        }
        if( sqlite3_memory_used()>0 ){
           fatalError("memory leak: %lld bytes outstanding",
                      sqlite3_memory_used());
        }
        reformatVfs();
        nTest++;
        g.zTestName[0] = 0;

        /* Simulate an error if the TEST_FAILURE environment variable is "5".
        ** This is used to verify that automated test script really do spot
        ** errors that occur in this test program.

# 2017-03-22
#
# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
#
#    May you do good and not evil.
#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
#***********************************************************************
# This file implements tests for json_patch(A,B) SQL function.
#

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/tester.tcl

ifcapable !json1 {
  finish_test
  return
}

# This is the example from pages 2 and 3 of RFC-7396
do_execsql_test json104-100 {
  SELECT json_patch('{
       "a": "b",
       "c": {
         "d": "e",
         "f": "g"
       }
     }','{
       "a":"z",
       "c": {
         "f": null
       }
     }');
} {{{"a":"z","c":{"d":"e"}}}}


# This is the example from pages 4 and 5 of RFC-7396 
do_execsql_test json104-110 {
  SELECT json_patch('{
       "title": "Goodbye!",
       "author" : {
         "givenName" : "John",
         "familyName" : "Doe"
       },
       "tags":[ "example", "sample" ],
       "content": "This will be unchanged"
     }','{
       "title": "Hello!",
       "phoneNumber": "+01-123-456-7890",
       "author": {
         "familyName": null
       },
       "tags": [ "example" ]
     }');
} {{{"title":"Hello!","author":{"givenName":"John"},"tags":["example"],"content":"This will be unchanged","phoneNumber":"+01-123-456-7890"}}}

do_execsql_test json104-200 {
  SELECT json_patch('[1,2,3]','{"x":null}');
} {{{}}}
do_execsql_test json104-210 {
  SELECT json_patch('[1,2,3]','{"x":null,"y":1,"z":null}');
} {{{"y":1}}}
do_execsql_test json104-220 {
  SELECT json_patch('{}','{"a":{"bb":{"ccc":null}}}');
} {{{"a":{"bb":{}}}}}
do_execsql_test json104-221 {
  SELECT json_patch('{}','{"a":{"bb":{"ccc":[1,null,3]}}}');
} {{{"a":{"bb":{"ccc":[1,null,3]}}}}}
do_execsql_test json104-222 {
  SELECT json_patch('{}','{"a":{"bb":{"ccc":[1,{"dddd":null},3]}}}');
} {{{"a":{"bb":{"ccc":[1,{"dddd":null},3]}}}}}

# Example test cases at the end of the RFC-7396 document
do_execsql_test json104-300 {
  SELECT json_patch('{"a":"b"}','{"a":"c"}');
} {{{"a":"c"}}}
do_execsql_test json104-300a {
  SELECT coalesce(json_patch(null,'{"a":"c"}'), 'real-null');
} {{real-null}}
do_execsql_test json104-301 {
  SELECT json_patch('{"a":"b"}','{"b":"c"}');
} {{{"a":"b","b":"c"}}}
do_execsql_test json104-302 {
  SELECT json_patch('{"a":"b"}','{"a":null}');
} {{{}}}
do_execsql_test json104-303 {
  SELECT json_patch('{"a":"b","b":"c"}','{"a":null}');
} {{{"b":"c"}}}
do_execsql_test json104-304 {
  SELECT json_patch('{"a":["b"]}','{"a":"c"}');
} {{{"a":"c"}}}
do_execsql_test json104-305 {
  SELECT json_patch('{"a":"c"}','{"a":["b"]}');
} {{{"a":["b"]}}}
do_execsql_test json104-306 {
  SELECT json_patch('{"a":{"b":"c"}}','{"a":{"b":"d","c":null}}');
} {{{"a":{"b":"d"}}}}
do_execsql_test json104-307 {
  SELECT json_patch('{"a":[{"b":"c"}]}','{"a":[1]}');
} {{{"a":[1]}}}
do_execsql_test json104-308 {
  SELECT json_patch('["a","b"]','["c","d"]');
} {{["c","d"]}}
do_execsql_test json104-309 {
  SELECT json_patch('{"a":"b"}','["c"]');
} {{["c"]}}
do_execsql_test json104-310 {
  SELECT json_patch('{"a":"foo"}','null');
} {{null}}
do_execsql_test json104-310a {
  SELECT coalesce(json_patch('{"a":"foo"}',null), 'real-null');
} {{real-null}}
do_execsql_test json104-311 {
  SELECT json_patch('{"a":"foo"}','"bar"');
} {{"bar"}}
do_execsql_test json104-312 {
  SELECT json_patch('{"e":null}','{"a":1}');
} {{{"e":null,"a":1}}}
do_execsql_test json104-313 {
  SELECT json_patch('[1,2]','{"a":"b","c":null}');
} {{{"a":"b"}}}
do_execsql_test json104-314 {
  SELECT json_patch('{}','{"a":{"bb":{"ccc":null}}}');
} {{{"a":{"bb":{}}}}}



finish_test

set testprefix mallocM

sqlite3_db_config_lookaside db 0 0 0

do_execsql_test 1.0 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(x);
}
do_faultsim_test 1 -faults oom* -body {
  execsql {
    SELECT 'abc' FROM ( SELECT 'xyz' FROM t1 WHERE (SELECT 1) )
  }
} -test {
  faultsim_test_result {0 {}}
}

do_execsql_test 2.0.1 { SELECT instr(x'', x'') }         {1}
do_execsql_test 2.0.2 { SELECT instr(x'12345678', x'') } {1}
do_execsql_test 2.0.3 { SELECT instr(x'', x'1234') }     {0}

do_faultsim_test 2.1 -faults oom* -body {
  execsql { SELECT instr (x'00', zeroblob(1)) }
} -test {
  faultsim_test_result {0 1}
}

do_faultsim_test 2.2 -faults oom* -body {
  execsql { SELECT instr (zeroblob(1), x'00') }
} -test {
  faultsim_test_result {0 1}
}

finish_test

/*
** This module interfaces SQLite to the Google OSS-Fuzz, fuzzer as a service.
** (https://github.com/google/oss-fuzz)
*/
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "sqlite3.h"

/* Global debugging settings.  OSS-Fuzz will have all debugging turned
** off.  But if LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput() is called interactively from
** the ossshell utility program, then these flags might be set.
*/
static unsigned mDebug = 0;
#define FUZZ_SQL_TRACE       0x0001   /* Set an sqlite3_trace() callback */
#define FUZZ_SHOW_MAX_DELAY  0x0002   /* Show maximum progress callback delay */
#define FUZZ_SHOW_ERRORS     0x0004   /* Print error messages from SQLite */

/* The ossshell utility program invokes this interface to see the
** debugging flags.  Unused by OSS-Fuzz.
*/
void ossfuzz_set_debug_flags(unsigned x){
  mDebug = x;
}

/* Return the current real-world time in milliseconds since the
** Julian epoch (-4714-11-24).
*/
static sqlite3_int64 timeOfDay(void){
  static sqlite3_vfs *clockVfs = 0;
  sqlite3_int64 t;
  if( clockVfs==0 ) clockVfs = sqlite3_vfs_find(0);
  if( clockVfs->iVersion>=2 && clockVfs->xCurrentTimeInt64!=0 ){
    clockVfs->xCurrentTimeInt64(clockVfs, &t);
  }else{
    double r;
    clockVfs->xCurrentTime(clockVfs, &r);
    t = (sqlite3_int64)(r*86400000.0);
  }
  return t;
}

/* An instance of the following object is passed by pointer as the
** client data to various callbacks.
*/
typedef struct FuzzCtx {
  sqlite3 *db;               /* The database connection */
  sqlite3_int64 iCutoffTime; /* Stop processing at this time. */
  sqlite3_int64 iLastCb;     /* Time recorded for previous progress callback */
  sqlite3_int64 mxInterval;  /* Longest interval between two progress calls */
  unsigned nCb;              /* Number of progress callbacks */
} FuzzCtx;

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK
/*
** Progress handler callback.
**
** The argument is the cutoff-time after which all processing should
** stop.  So return non-zero if the cut-off time is exceeded.
*/
static int progress_handler(void *pClientData) {
  FuzzCtx *p = (FuzzCtx*)pClientData;
  sqlite3_int64 iNow = timeOfDay();
  int rc = iNow>=p->iCutoffTime;
  sqlite3_int64 iDiff = iNow - p->iLastCb;
  if( iDiff > p->mxInterval ) p->mxInterval = iDiff;
  p->nCb++;
  return rc;
}
#endif

/*
** Callback for sqlite3_exec().
*/
static int exec_handler(void *pCnt, int argc, char **argv, char **namev){

/*
** Main entry point.  The fuzzer invokes this function with each
** fuzzed input.
*/
int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t* data, size_t size) {
  int execCnt = 0;         /* Abort row callback when count reaches zero */
  char *zErrMsg = 0;       /* Error message returned by sqlite_exec() */

  uint8_t uSelector;       /* First byte of input data[] */
  int rc;                  /* Return code from various interfaces */
  char *zSql;              /* Zero-terminated copy of data[] */
  FuzzCtx cx;              /* Fuzzing context */

  memset(&cx, 0, sizeof(cx));
  if( size<3 ) return 0;   /* Early out if unsufficient data */

  /* Extract the selector byte from the beginning of the input.  But only
  ** do this if the second byte is a \n.  If the second byte is not \n,
  ** then use a default selector */
  if( data[1]=='\n' ){
    uSelector = data[0];  data += 2; size -= 2;
  }else{
    uSelector = 0xfd;
  }

  /* Open the database connection.  Only use an in-memory database. */
  rc = sqlite3_open_v2("fuzz.db", &cx.db,
           SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE | SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE | SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY, 0);
  if( rc ) return 0;

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK
  /* Invoke the progress handler frequently to check to see if we
  ** are taking too long.  The progress handler will return true
  ** (which will block further processing) if more than 10 seconds have
  ** elapsed since the start of the test.
  */
  cx.iLastCb = timeOfDay();
  cx.iCutoffTime = cx.iLastCb + 10000;  /* Now + 10 seconds */
  sqlite3_progress_handler(cx.db, 10, progress_handler, (void*)&cx);
#endif

  /* Set a limit on the maximum size of a prepared statement */
  sqlite3_limit(cx.db, SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP, 25000);

  /* Bit 1 of the selector enables foreign key constraints */
  sqlite3_db_config(cx.db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY, uSelector&1, &rc);
  uSelector >>= 1;

  /* Remaining bits of the selector determine a limit on the number of
  ** output rows */
  execCnt = uSelector + 1;

  /* Run the SQL.  The sqlite_exec() interface expects a zero-terminated
  ** string, so make a copy. */
  zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("%.*s", (int)size, data);
  sqlite3_exec(cx.db, zSql, exec_handler, (void*)&execCnt, &zErrMsg);

  /* Show any errors */
  if( (mDebug & FUZZ_SHOW_ERRORS)!=0 && zErrMsg ){
    printf("Error: %s\n", zErrMsg);
  }

  /* Cleanup and return */
  sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
  sqlite3_free(zSql);
  sqlite3_exec(cx.db, "PRAGMA temp_store_directory=''", 0, 0, 0);
  sqlite3_close(cx.db);

  if( mDebug & FUZZ_SHOW_MAX_DELAY ){
    printf("Progress callback count....... %d\n", cx.nCb);
    printf("Max time between callbacks.... %d ms\n", (int)cx.mxInterval);
  }
  return 0;
}

/*
** This is a test interface for the ossfuzz.c module.  The ossfuzz.c module
** is an adaptor for OSS-FUZZ.  (https://github.com/google/oss-fuzz)
**
** This program links against ossfuzz.c.  It reads files named on the
** command line and passes them one by one into ossfuzz.c.
*/
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "sqlite3.h"

/*
** The entry point in ossfuzz.c that this routine will be calling
*/
int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t* data, size_t size);

/* Must match equivalent #defines in ossfuzz.c */
#define FUZZ_SQL_TRACE       0x0001   /* Set an sqlite3_trace() callback */
#define FUZZ_SHOW_MAX_DELAY  0x0002   /* Show maximum progress callback delay */
#define FUZZ_SHOW_ERRORS     0x0004   /* Show SQL errors */
extern void ossfuzz_set_debug_flags(unsigned);



/*
** Read files named on the command-line and invoke the fuzzer for
** each one.
*/
int main(int argc, char **argv){
  FILE *in;
  int i;
  int nErr = 0;
  uint8_t *zBuf = 0;
  size_t sz;
  unsigned mDebug = 0;

  for(i=1; i<argc; i++){
    const char *zFilename = argv[i];
    if( zFilename[0]=='-' ){
      if( zFilename[1]=='-' ) zFilename++;
      if( strcmp(zFilename, "-show-errors")==0 ){
        mDebug |= FUZZ_SHOW_ERRORS;
        ossfuzz_set_debug_flags(mDebug);
      }else
      if( strcmp(zFilename, "-show-max-delay")==0 ){
        mDebug |= FUZZ_SHOW_MAX_DELAY;
        ossfuzz_set_debug_flags(mDebug);
      }else
      if( strcmp(zFilename, "-sql-trace")==0 ){
        mDebug |= FUZZ_SQL_TRACE;
        ossfuzz_set_debug_flags(mDebug);
      }else
      {
        printf("unknown option \"%s\"\n", argv[i]);
        printf("should be one of: --show-errors --show-max-delay"
               " --sql-trace\n");
        exit(1);
      }
      continue;
    }
    in = fopen(zFilename, "rb");
    if( in==0 ){
      fprintf(stderr, "cannot open \"%s\"\n", zFilename);
      nErr++;
      continue;
    }
    fseek(in, 0, SEEK_END);
    sz = ftell(in);
    rewind(in);
    zBuf = realloc(zBuf, sz);
    if( zBuf==0 ){
      fprintf(stderr, "cannot malloc() for %d bytes\n", (int)sz);
      exit(1);
    }
    if( fread(zBuf, sz, 1, in)!=1 ){
      fprintf(stderr, "cannot read %d bytes from \"%s\"\n",
                       (int)sz, zFilename);
      nErr++;
    }else{
      printf("%s... ", zFilename);
      if( mDebug ) printf("\n");
      fflush(stdout);
      (void)LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(zBuf, sz);
      if( mDebug ) printf("%s: ", zFilename);
      printf("ok\n");
    }
    fclose(in);
  }
  free(zBuf);
  return nErr;
}

  notify2.test   thread001.test thread002.test thread003.test 
  thread004.test thread005.test walthread.test
}

test_suite "fts3" -prefix "" -description {
  All FTS3 tests except fts3rnd.test.
} -files {
  fts3aa.test fts3ab.test fts3ac.test fts3ad.test
  fts3ae.test fts3af.test fts3ag.test fts3ah.test
  fts3ai.test fts3aj.test fts3ak.test fts3al.test
  fts3am.test fts3an.test fts3ao.test fts3atoken.test
  fts3auto.test fts3aux1.test fts3aux2.test fts3b.test
  fts3comp1.test fts3conf.test fts3corrupt2.test fts3corrupt.test
  fts3cov.test fts3c.test fts3defer2.test fts3defer3.test
  fts3defer.test fts3drop.test fts3d.test fts3e.test
  fts3expr2.test fts3expr3.test fts3expr4.test fts3expr5.test
  fts3expr.test fts3fault2.test fts3fault.test fts3first.test

  fts3join.test fts3malloc.test fts3matchinfo.test fts3near.test
  fts3offsets.test fts3prefix2.test fts3prefix.test fts3query.test
  fts3shared.test fts3snippet.test fts3sort.test fts3tok1.test
  fts3tok_err.test fts3varint.test fts4aa.test fts4check.test
  fts4content.test fts4docid.test fts4growth2.test fts4growth.test
  fts4incr.test fts4langid.test fts4lastrowid.test fts4merge2.test
  fts4merge4.test fts4merge.test fts4noti.test fts4onepass.test 

  fts4opt.test fts4unicode.test
}

test_suite "fts5" -prefix "" -description {
  All FTS5 tests.
} -files [glob -nocomplain $::testdir/../ext/fts5/test/*.test]

test_suite "fts5-light" -prefix "" -description {

INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(2,'');
INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(3,1);
INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(4,2.25);
INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(5,'hello');
INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(6,X'807f');
COMMIT;}}


ifcapable vtab {

# The --preserve-rowids option to .dump
#
do_test shell1-4.1.1 {
  catchcmd test.db {.dump --preserve-rowids}
} {0 {PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
CREATE TABLE t1(x);

} {0 {PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
CREATE TABLE t1(_ROWID_,rowid,oid);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,NULL,'alpha');
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(12,'',99);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(23,1,X'b0b1b2');
COMMIT;}}

} else {

do_test shell1-4.1.6 {
  db close
  forcedelete test2.db
  sqlite3 db test2.db
  db eval {
    CREATE TABLE t1(x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,null), (2,''), (3,1),
                         (4,2.25), (5,'hello'), (6,x'807f');
  }
  catchcmd test2.db {.dump --preserve-rowids}
} {1 {The --preserve-rowids option is not compatible with SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE}}

}


# Test the output of ".mode insert"
#
do_test shell1-4.2.1 {
  catchcmd test.db ".mode insert t1\nselect * from t1;"
} {0 {INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(NULL);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('');

# 2017 March 16
#
# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
#
#    May you do good and not evil.
#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
#***********************************************************************
# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.
#
# Specificly, it tests that "PRAGMA synchronous" appears to work.
#

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/tester.tcl
set testprefix sync2

#
# These tests are only applicable when pager pragma are
# enabled. Also, since every test uses an ATTACHed database, they
# are only run when ATTACH is enabled.
#
ifcapable !pager_pragmas||!attach {
  finish_test
  return
}
if {$::tcl_platform(platform)!="unix" 
  || [permutation] == "journaltest"
  || [permutation] == "inmemory_journal"
} {
  finish_test
  return
}

proc execsql_sync {sql} {
  set s $::sqlite_sync_count
  set res [execsql $sql]
  concat [expr $::sqlite_sync_count-$s] $res
}

proc do_execsql_sync_test {tn sql res} {
  uplevel [list do_test $tn [list execsql_sync $sql] [list {*}$res]]
}

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Tests for journal mode.
#
sqlite3 db test.db
do_execsql_test 1.0 {
  CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);
  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2);
}

do_execsql_sync_test 1.1 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(3, 4) } 4

# synchronous=normal. So, 1 sync on the directory, 1 on the journal, 1 
# on the db file. 3 in total.
do_execsql_test      1.2.1 { PRAGMA main.synchronous = NORMAL }
do_execsql_test      1.2.2 { PRAGMA main.synchronous }     1
do_execsql_sync_test 1.2.3 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(5, 6) } 3

# synchronous=off. No syncs.
do_execsql_test      1.3.1 { PRAGMA main.synchronous = OFF }
do_execsql_test      1.3.2 { PRAGMA main.synchronous }     0
do_execsql_sync_test 1.3.3 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(7, 8) } 0
 
# synchronous=full, journal_mode=delete. So, 1 sync on the directory,
# 2 on the journal, 1 on the db file. 4 in total.
do_execsql_test      1.4.1 { PRAGMA main.synchronous = FULL }
do_execsql_test      1.4.2 { PRAGMA main.synchronous }      2
do_execsql_sync_test 1.4.3 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(9, 10) } 4

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Tests for wal mode.
#
do_execsql_test      1.5 { PRAGMA journal_mode = wal } {wal}

# sync=full, journal_mode=wal. One sync on the directory, two on the 
# wal file.
do_execsql_sync_test 1.6 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(11, 12) } 3

# One sync on the wal file.
do_execsql_sync_test 1.7 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(13, 14) } 1

# No syncs.
do_execsql_test      1.8.1 { PRAGMA main.synchronous = NORMAL }
do_execsql_test      1.8.2 { PRAGMA main.synchronous }          1
do_execsql_sync_test 1.8.3 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(15, 16) }    0

# One sync on wal file, one on the db file.
do_execsql_sync_test 1.9   { PRAGMA wal_checkpoint }  {2 0 3 3}

# No syncs.
do_execsql_test      1.10.1 { PRAGMA main.synchronous = OFF }
do_execsql_test      1.10.2 { PRAGMA main.synchronous }          0
do_execsql_sync_test 1.10.3 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(17, 18) }    0

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Tests for the compile time settings SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS and
# SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_SYNCHRONOUS. These tests only run if the former
# is set to "2" and the latter to "1". This is not the default, but
# it is currently the recommended configuration.
#
#   https://sqlite.org/compile.html#recommended_compile_time_options
#
if {$SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS==2 && $SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_SYNCHRONOUS==1} {

  db close
  sqlite3 db test.db

  # Wal mode, sync=normal. The first transaction does one sync on directory,
  # one on the wal file. The second does no syncs.
  do_execsql_sync_test 1.11.1 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(19, 20) } 2
  do_execsql_sync_test 1.11.2 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(21, 22) } 0
  do_execsql_test 1.11.3      { PRAGMA main.synchronous }       1

  # One sync on wal file, one on the db file.
  do_execsql_sync_test 1.12   { PRAGMA wal_checkpoint }  {2 0 2 2}

  # First transaction syncs the wal file once, the second not at all.
  # one on the wal file. The second does no syncs.
  do_execsql_sync_test 1.13.1 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(22, 23) } 1
  do_execsql_sync_test 1.13.2 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(24, 25) } 0

  do_execsql_test 1.14 { PRAGMA journal_mode = delete } {delete}
  
  # Delete mode, sync=full. The first transaction does one sync on 
  # directory, two on the journal file, one on the db. The second does 
  # the same.
  do_execsql_sync_test 1.15.1 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(26, 27) } 4
  do_execsql_sync_test 1.15.2 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(28, 29) } 4
  do_execsql_test 1.15.3      { PRAGMA main.synchronous }       2

  # Switch back to wal mode.
  do_execsql_test 1.16 { PRAGMA journal_mode = wal } {wal}

  do_execsql_sync_test 1.17.1 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(30, 31) } 2
  do_execsql_sync_test 1.17.2 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(32, 33) } 0
  do_execsql_test 1.17.3      { PRAGMA main.synchronous }       1

  # Now set synchronous=off, then switch back to delete mode. Check
  # that the db handle is still using synchronous=off.
  do_execsql_test 1.18.3      { PRAGMA main.synchronous=off }
  do_execsql_test 1.18 { PRAGMA journal_mode = delete } {delete}

  do_execsql_sync_test 1.19.1 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(34, 35) } 0
  do_execsql_sync_test 1.19.2 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(36, 37) } 0
  do_execsql_test 1.19.3      { PRAGMA main.synchronous }       0

  # Close and reopen the db. Back to synchronous=normal.
  db close
  sqlite3 db test.db
  do_execsql_sync_test 1.20.1 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(38, 39) } 4
  do_execsql_sync_test 1.20.2 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(40, 41) } 4
  do_execsql_test 1.20.3      { PRAGMA main.synchronous }       2
}

finish_test

# 2017-03-24
#
# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
# a legal notice', here is a blessing:
#
#    May you do good and not evil.
#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
#***********************************************************************
#

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/tester.tcl
set testprefix triggerG
ifcapable {!trigger} {
  finish_test
  return
}

# Test cases for ticket 
# https://www.sqlite.org/src/tktview/06796225f59c057cd120f
#
# The OP_Once opcode was not working correctly for recursive triggers.
#
do_execsql_test 100 {
  PRAGMA recursive_triggers = 1;
  
  CREATE TABLE t1(a);
  CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1(a);
  INSERT INTO t1(a) VALUES(0),(2),(3),(8),(9);
  CREATE TABLE t2(b);
  CREATE TABLE t3(c);
  
  CREATE TRIGGER tr AFTER INSERT ON t3 BEGIN
    INSERT INTO t3 SELECT new.c+1 WHERE new.c<5;
    INSERT INTO t2 SELECT new.c*100+a FROM t1 WHERE a IN (1, 2, 3, 4);
  END;
  
  INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(2);
  SELECT c FROM t3 ORDER BY c;;
} {2 3 4 5}
do_execsql_test 110 {
  SELECT b FROM t2 ORDER BY b;
} {202 203 302 303 402 403 502 503}

do_execsql_test 200 {
  DELETE FROM t1;
  INSERT INTO t1(a) VALUES(0),(2),(3),(8),(9);
  DELETE FROM t2;
  DELETE FROM t3;
  DROP TRIGGER tr;
  CREATE TRIGGER tr AFTER INSERT ON t3 BEGIN
    INSERT INTO t3 SELECT new.c+1 WHERE new.c<5;
    INSERT INTO t2 SELECT new.c*10000+xx.a*100+yy.a
                     FROM t1 AS xx, t1 AS yy
                    WHERE xx.a IN (1,2,3,4)
                      AND yy.a IN (2,3,4,5);
  END;

  INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(2);
  SELECT b FROM t2 ORDER BY b;
} {20202 20203 20302 20303 30202 30203 30302 30303 40202 40203 40302 40303 50202 50203 50302 50303}

finish_test

  if( nLocal>0 ){
    i = decodeVarint(x, &nHdr);
    printBytes(a, x, i);
    printf("record-header-size: %d\n", (int)nHdr);
    j = i;
    nCol = 0;
    k = nHdr;
    while( x+j<=end && j<nHdr ){
       const char *zTypeName;
       int sz = 0;
       char zNm[30];
       i = decodeVarint(x+j, &iType);
       printBytes(a, x+j, i);
       printf("typecode[%d]: %d - ", nCol, (int)iType);
       switch( iType ){