SQLite

/*
** 2017-03-08
**
** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
**
**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
******************************************************************************
**
** This SQLite extension implements a functions that compute SHA1 hashes.
** Two SQL functions are implemented:
**
**     sha3(X,SIZE)
**     sha3_query(Y,SIZE)
**
** The sha3(X) function computes the SHA3 hash of the input X, or NULL if
** X is NULL.
**
** The sha3_query(Y) function evalutes all queries in the SQL statements of Y
** and returns a hash of their results.
*/
#include "sqlite3ext.h"
SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
typedef sqlite3_uint64 u64;

/******************************************************************************
** The Hash Engine
*/
/*
** Macros to determine whether the machine is big or little endian,
** and whether or not that determination is run-time or compile-time.
**
** For best performance, an attempt is made to guess at the byte-order
** using C-preprocessor macros.  If that is unsuccessful, or if
** -DSHA3_BYTEORDER=0 is set, then byte-order is determined
** at run-time.
*/
#ifndef SHA3_BYTEORDER
# if defined(i386)     || defined(__i386__)   || defined(_M_IX86) ||    \
     defined(__x86_64) || defined(__x86_64__) || defined(_M_X64)  ||    \
     defined(_M_AMD64) || defined(_M_ARM)     || defined(__x86)   ||    \
     defined(__arm__)
#   define SHA3_BYTEORDER    1234
# elif defined(sparc)    || defined(__ppc__)
#   define SHA3_BYTEORDER    4321
# else
#   define SHA3_BYTEORDER 0
# endif
#endif


/*
** State structure for a SHA3 hash in progress
*/
typedef struct SHA3Context SHA3Context;
struct SHA3Context {
  union {
    u64 s[25];                /* Keccak state. 5x5 lines of 64 bits each */
    unsigned char x[1600];    /* ... or 1600 bytes */
  } u;
  unsigned nRate;        /* Bytes of input accepted per Keccak iteration */
  unsigned nLoaded;      /* Input bytes loaded into u.x[] so far this cycle */
  unsigned ixMask;       /* Insert next input into u.x[nLoaded^ixMask]. */
};

/*
** A single step of the Keccak mixing function for a 1600-bit state
*/
static void KeccakF1600Step(SHA3Context *p){
  int i;
  u64 B0, B1, B2, B3, B4;
  u64 C0, C1, C2, C3, C4;
  u64 D0, D1, D2, D3, D4;
  static const u64 RC[] = {
    0x0000000000000001ULL,  0x0000000000008082ULL,
    0x800000000000808aULL,  0x8000000080008000ULL,
    0x000000000000808bULL,  0x0000000080000001ULL,
    0x8000000080008081ULL,  0x8000000000008009ULL,
    0x000000000000008aULL,  0x0000000000000088ULL,
    0x0000000080008009ULL,  0x000000008000000aULL,
    0x000000008000808bULL,  0x800000000000008bULL,
    0x8000000000008089ULL,  0x8000000000008003ULL,
    0x8000000000008002ULL,  0x8000000000000080ULL,
    0x000000000000800aULL,  0x800000008000000aULL,
    0x8000000080008081ULL,  0x8000000000008080ULL,
    0x0000000080000001ULL,  0x8000000080008008ULL
  };
# define A00 (p->u.s[0])
# define A01 (p->u.s[1])
# define A02 (p->u.s[2])
# define A03 (p->u.s[3])
# define A04 (p->u.s[4])
# define A10 (p->u.s[5])
# define A11 (p->u.s[6])
# define A12 (p->u.s[7])
# define A13 (p->u.s[8])
# define A14 (p->u.s[9])
# define A20 (p->u.s[10])
# define A21 (p->u.s[11])
# define A22 (p->u.s[12])
# define A23 (p->u.s[13])
# define A24 (p->u.s[14])
# define A30 (p->u.s[15])
# define A31 (p->u.s[16])
# define A32 (p->u.s[17])
# define A33 (p->u.s[18])
# define A34 (p->u.s[19])
# define A40 (p->u.s[20])
# define A41 (p->u.s[21])
# define A42 (p->u.s[22])
# define A43 (p->u.s[23])
# define A44 (p->u.s[24])
# define ROL64(a,x) ((a<<x)|(a>>(64-x)))

  for(i=0; i<24; i+=4){
    C0 = A00^A10^A20^A30^A40;
    C1 = A01^A11^A21^A31^A41;
    C2 = A02^A12^A22^A32^A42;
    C3 = A03^A13^A23^A33^A43;
    C4 = A04^A14^A24^A34^A44;
    D0 = C4^ROL64(C1, 1);
    D1 = C0^ROL64(C2, 1);
    D2 = C1^ROL64(C3, 1);
    D3 = C2^ROL64(C4, 1);
    D4 = C3^ROL64(C0, 1);

    B0 = (A00^D0);
    B1 = ROL64((A11^D1), 44);
    B2 = ROL64((A22^D2), 43);
    B3 = ROL64((A33^D3), 21);
    B4 = ROL64((A44^D4), 14);
    A00 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A00 ^= RC[i];
    A11 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A22 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A33 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A44 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B2 = ROL64((A20^D0), 3);
    B3 = ROL64((A31^D1), 45);
    B4 = ROL64((A42^D2), 61);
    B0 = ROL64((A03^D3), 28);
    B1 = ROL64((A14^D4), 20);
    A20 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A31 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A42 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A03 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A14 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B4 = ROL64((A40^D0), 18);
    B0 = ROL64((A01^D1), 1);
    B1 = ROL64((A12^D2), 6);
    B2 = ROL64((A23^D3), 25);
    B3 = ROL64((A34^D4), 8);
    A40 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A01 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A12 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A23 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A34 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B1 = ROL64((A10^D0), 36);
    B2 = ROL64((A21^D1), 10);
    B3 = ROL64((A32^D2), 15);
    B4 = ROL64((A43^D3), 56);
    B0 = ROL64((A04^D4), 27);
    A10 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A21 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A32 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A43 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A04 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B3 = ROL64((A30^D0), 41);
    B4 = ROL64((A41^D1), 2);
    B0 = ROL64((A02^D2), 62);
    B1 = ROL64((A13^D3), 55);
    B2 = ROL64((A24^D4), 39);
    A30 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A41 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A02 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A13 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A24 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    C0 = A00^A20^A40^A10^A30;
    C1 = A11^A31^A01^A21^A41;
    C2 = A22^A42^A12^A32^A02;
    C3 = A33^A03^A23^A43^A13;
    C4 = A44^A14^A34^A04^A24;
    D0 = C4^ROL64(C1, 1);
    D1 = C0^ROL64(C2, 1);
    D2 = C1^ROL64(C3, 1);
    D3 = C2^ROL64(C4, 1);
    D4 = C3^ROL64(C0, 1);

    B0 = (A00^D0);
    B1 = ROL64((A31^D1), 44);
    B2 = ROL64((A12^D2), 43);
    B3 = ROL64((A43^D3), 21);
    B4 = ROL64((A24^D4), 14);
    A00 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A00 ^= RC[i+1];
    A31 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A12 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A43 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A24 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B2 = ROL64((A40^D0), 3);
    B3 = ROL64((A21^D1), 45);
    B4 = ROL64((A02^D2), 61);
    B0 = ROL64((A33^D3), 28);
    B1 = ROL64((A14^D4), 20);
    A40 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A21 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A02 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A33 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A14 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B4 = ROL64((A30^D0), 18);
    B0 = ROL64((A11^D1), 1);
    B1 = ROL64((A42^D2), 6);
    B2 = ROL64((A23^D3), 25);
    B3 = ROL64((A04^D4), 8);
    A30 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A11 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A42 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A23 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A04 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B1 = ROL64((A20^D0), 36);
    B2 = ROL64((A01^D1), 10);
    B3 = ROL64((A32^D2), 15);
    B4 = ROL64((A13^D3), 56);
    B0 = ROL64((A44^D4), 27);
    A20 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A01 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A32 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A13 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A44 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B3 = ROL64((A10^D0), 41);
    B4 = ROL64((A41^D1), 2);
    B0 = ROL64((A22^D2), 62);
    B1 = ROL64((A03^D3), 55);
    B2 = ROL64((A34^D4), 39);
    A10 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A41 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A22 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A03 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A34 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    C0 = A00^A40^A30^A20^A10;
    C1 = A31^A21^A11^A01^A41;
    C2 = A12^A02^A42^A32^A22;
    C3 = A43^A33^A23^A13^A03;
    C4 = A24^A14^A04^A44^A34;
    D0 = C4^ROL64(C1, 1);
    D1 = C0^ROL64(C2, 1);
    D2 = C1^ROL64(C3, 1);
    D3 = C2^ROL64(C4, 1);
    D4 = C3^ROL64(C0, 1);

    B0 = (A00^D0);
    B1 = ROL64((A21^D1), 44);
    B2 = ROL64((A42^D2), 43);
    B3 = ROL64((A13^D3), 21);
    B4 = ROL64((A34^D4), 14);
    A00 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A00 ^= RC[i+2];
    A21 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A42 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A13 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A34 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B2 = ROL64((A30^D0), 3);
    B3 = ROL64((A01^D1), 45);
    B4 = ROL64((A22^D2), 61);
    B0 = ROL64((A43^D3), 28);
    B1 = ROL64((A14^D4), 20);
    A30 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A01 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A22 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A43 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A14 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B4 = ROL64((A10^D0), 18);
    B0 = ROL64((A31^D1), 1);
    B1 = ROL64((A02^D2), 6);
    B2 = ROL64((A23^D3), 25);
    B3 = ROL64((A44^D4), 8);
    A10 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A31 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A02 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A23 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A44 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B1 = ROL64((A40^D0), 36);
    B2 = ROL64((A11^D1), 10);
    B3 = ROL64((A32^D2), 15);
    B4 = ROL64((A03^D3), 56);
    B0 = ROL64((A24^D4), 27);
    A40 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A11 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A32 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A03 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A24 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B3 = ROL64((A20^D0), 41);
    B4 = ROL64((A41^D1), 2);
    B0 = ROL64((A12^D2), 62);
    B1 = ROL64((A33^D3), 55);
    B2 = ROL64((A04^D4), 39);
    A20 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A41 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A12 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A33 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A04 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    C0 = A00^A30^A10^A40^A20;
    C1 = A21^A01^A31^A11^A41;
    C2 = A42^A22^A02^A32^A12;
    C3 = A13^A43^A23^A03^A33;
    C4 = A34^A14^A44^A24^A04;
    D0 = C4^ROL64(C1, 1);
    D1 = C0^ROL64(C2, 1);
    D2 = C1^ROL64(C3, 1);
    D3 = C2^ROL64(C4, 1);
    D4 = C3^ROL64(C0, 1);

    B0 = (A00^D0);
    B1 = ROL64((A01^D1), 44);
    B2 = ROL64((A02^D2), 43);
    B3 = ROL64((A03^D3), 21);
    B4 = ROL64((A04^D4), 14);
    A00 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A00 ^= RC[i+3];
    A01 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A02 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A03 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A04 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B2 = ROL64((A10^D0), 3);
    B3 = ROL64((A11^D1), 45);
    B4 = ROL64((A12^D2), 61);
    B0 = ROL64((A13^D3), 28);
    B1 = ROL64((A14^D4), 20);
    A10 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A11 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A12 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A13 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A14 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B4 = ROL64((A20^D0), 18);
    B0 = ROL64((A21^D1), 1);
    B1 = ROL64((A22^D2), 6);
    B2 = ROL64((A23^D3), 25);
    B3 = ROL64((A24^D4), 8);
    A20 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A21 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A22 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A23 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A24 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B1 = ROL64((A30^D0), 36);
    B2 = ROL64((A31^D1), 10);
    B3 = ROL64((A32^D2), 15);
    B4 = ROL64((A33^D3), 56);
    B0 = ROL64((A34^D4), 27);
    A30 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A31 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A32 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A33 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A34 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B3 = ROL64((A40^D0), 41);
    B4 = ROL64((A41^D1), 2);
    B0 = ROL64((A42^D2), 62);
    B1 = ROL64((A43^D3), 55);
    B2 = ROL64((A44^D4), 39);
    A40 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A41 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A42 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A43 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A44 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
  }
}

/*
** Initialize a new hash.  iSize determines the size of the hash
** in bits and should be one of 224, 256, 384, or 512.  Or iSize
** can be zero to use the default hash size of 256 bits.
*/
static void SHA3Init(SHA3Context *p, int iSize){
  memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
  if( iSize>=128 && iSize<=512 ){
    p->nRate = (1600 - ((iSize + 31)&~31)*2)/8;
  }else{
    p->nRate = (1600 - 2*256)/8;
  }
#if SHA3_BYTEORDER==1234
  /* Known to be little-endian at compile-time. No-op */
#elif SHA3_BYTEORDER==4321
  p->ixMask = 7;  /* Big-endian */
#else
  {
    static unsigned int one = 1;
    if( 1==*(unsigned char*)&one ){
      /* Little endian.  No byte swapping. */
      p->ixMask = 0;
    }else{
      /* Big endian.  Byte swap. */
      p->ixMask = 7;
    }
  }
#endif
}

/*
** Make consecutive calls to the SHA3Update function to add new content
** to the hash
*/
static void SHA3Update(
  SHA3Context *p,
  const unsigned char *aData,
  unsigned int nData
){
  unsigned int i = 0;
#if SHA3_BYTEORDER==1234
  if( (p->nLoaded % 8)==0 && ((aData - (const unsigned char*)0)&7)==0 ){
    for(; i+7<nData; i+=8){
      p->u.s[p->nLoaded/8] ^= *(u64*)&aData[i];
      p->nLoaded += 8;
      if( p->nLoaded>=p->nRate ){
        KeccakF1600Step(p);
        p->nLoaded = 0;
      }
    }
  }
#endif
  for(; i<nData; i++){
#if SHA3_BYTEORDER==1234
    p->u.x[p->nLoaded] ^= aData[i];
#elif SHA3_BYTEORDER==4321
    p->u.x[p->nLoaded^0x07] ^= aData[i];
#else
    p->u.x[p->nLoaded^p->ixMask] ^= aData[i];
#endif
    p->nLoaded++;
    if( p->nLoaded==p->nRate ){
      KeccakF1600Step(p);
      p->nLoaded = 0;
    }
  }
}

/*
** After all content has been added, invoke SHA3Final() to compute
** the final hash.  The function returns a pointer to the binary
** hash value.
*/
static unsigned char *SHA3Final(SHA3Context *p){
  unsigned int i;
  if( p->nLoaded==p->nRate-1 ){
    const unsigned char c1 = 0x86;
    SHA3Update(p, &c1, 1);
  }else{
    const unsigned char c2 = 0x06;
    const unsigned char c3 = 0x80;
    SHA3Update(p, &c2, 1);
    p->nLoaded = p->nRate - 1;
    SHA3Update(p, &c3, 1);
  }
  for(i=0; i<p->nRate; i++){
    p->u.x[i+p->nRate] = p->u.x[i^p->ixMask];
  }
  return &p->u.x[p->nRate];
}
/* End of the hashing logic
*****************************************************************************/

/*
** Implementation of the sha3(X,SIZE) function.
**
** Return a BLOB which is the SIZE-bit SHA3 hash of X.  The default
** size is 256.  If X is a BLOB, it is hashed as is.  
** For all other non-NULL types of input, X is converted into a UTF-8 string
** and the string is hashed without the trailing 0x00 terminator.  The hash
** of a NULL value is NULL.
*/
static void sha3Func(
  sqlite3_context *context,
  int argc,
  sqlite3_value **argv
){
  SHA3Context cx;
  int eType = sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]);
  int nByte = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
  int iSize;
  if( argc==1 ){
    iSize = 256;
  }else{
    iSize = sqlite3_value_int(argv[1]);
    if( iSize!=224 && iSize!=256 && iSize!=384 && iSize!=512 ){
      sqlite3_result_error(context, "SHA3 size should be one of: 224 256 "
                                    "384 512", -1);
      return;
    }
  }
  if( eType==SQLITE_NULL ) return;
  SHA3Init(&cx, iSize);
  if( eType==SQLITE_BLOB ){
    SHA3Update(&cx, sqlite3_value_blob(argv[0]), nByte);
  }else{
    SHA3Update(&cx, sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]), nByte);
  }
  sqlite3_result_blob(context, SHA3Final(&cx), iSize/8, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
}

/* Compute a string using sqlite3_vsnprintf() with a maximum length
** of 50 bytes and add it to the hash.
*/
static void hash_step_vformat(
  SHA3Context *p,                 /* Add content to this context */
  const char *zFormat,
  ...
){
  va_list ap;
  int n;
  char zBuf[50];
  va_start(ap, zFormat);
  sqlite3_vsnprintf(sizeof(zBuf),zBuf,zFormat,ap);
  va_end(ap);
  n = (int)strlen(zBuf);
  SHA3Update(p, (unsigned char*)zBuf, n);
}

/*
** Implementation of the sha3_query(SQL,SIZE) function.
**
** This function compiles and runs the SQL statement(s) given in the
** argument. The results are hashed using a SIZE-bit SHA3.  The default
** size is 256.
**
** The format of the byte stream that is hashed is summarized as follows:
**
**       S<n>:<sql>
**       R
**       N
**       I<int>
**       F<ieee-float>
**       B<size>:<bytes>
**       T<size>:<text>
**
** <sql> is the original SQL text for each statement run and <n> is
** the size of that text.  The SQL text is UTF-8.  A single R character
** occurs before the start of each row.  N means a NULL value.
** I mean an 8-byte little-endian integer <int>.  F is a floating point
** number with an 8-byte little-endian IEEE floating point value <ieee-float>.
** B means blobs of <size> bytes.  T means text rendered as <size>
** bytes of UTF-8.  The <n> and <size> values are expressed as an ASCII
** text integers.
**
** For each SQL statement in the X input, there is one S segment.  Each
** S segment is followed by zero or more R segments, one for each row in the
** result set.  After each R, there are one or more N, I, F, B, or T segments,
** one for each column in the result set.  Segments are concatentated directly
** with no delimiters of any kind.
*/
static void sha3QueryFunc(
  sqlite3_context *context,
  int argc,
  sqlite3_value **argv
){
  sqlite3 *db = sqlite3_context_db_handle(context);
  const char *zSql = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
  int nCol;                   /* Number of columns in the result set */
  int i;                      /* Loop counter */
  int rc;
  int n;
  const char *z;
  SHA3Context cx;
  int iSize;

  if( argc==1 ){
    iSize = 256;
  }else{
    iSize = sqlite3_value_int(argv[1]);
    if( iSize!=224 && iSize!=256 && iSize!=384 && iSize!=512 ){
      sqlite3_result_error(context, "SHA3 size should be one of: 224 256 "
                                    "384 512", -1);
      return;
    }
  }
  if( zSql==0 ) return;
  SHA3Init(&cx, iSize);
  while( zSql[0] ){
    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, &zSql);
    if( rc ){
      char *zMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("error SQL statement [%s]: %s",
                                   zSql, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
      sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
      sqlite3_result_error(context, zMsg, -1);
      sqlite3_free(zMsg);
      return;
    }
    if( !sqlite3_stmt_readonly(pStmt) ){
      char *zMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("non-query: [%s]", sqlite3_sql(pStmt));
      sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
      sqlite3_result_error(context, zMsg, -1);
      sqlite3_free(zMsg);
      return;
    }
    nCol = sqlite3_column_count(pStmt);
    z = sqlite3_sql(pStmt);
    n = (int)strlen(z);
    hash_step_vformat(&cx,"S%d:",n);
    SHA3Update(&cx,(unsigned char*)z,n);

    /* Compute a hash over the result of the query */
    while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
      SHA3Update(&cx,(const unsigned char*)"R",1);
      for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
        switch( sqlite3_column_type(pStmt,i) ){
          case SQLITE_NULL: {
            SHA3Update(&cx, (const unsigned char*)"N",1);
            break;
          }
          case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
            sqlite3_uint64 u;
            int j;
            unsigned char x[9];
            sqlite3_int64 v = sqlite3_column_int64(pStmt,i);
            memcpy(&u, &v, 8);
            for(j=8; j>=1; j--){
              x[j] = u & 0xff;
              u >>= 8;
            }
            x[0] = 'I';
            SHA3Update(&cx, x, 9);
            break;
          }
          case SQLITE_FLOAT: {
            sqlite3_uint64 u;
            int j;
            unsigned char x[9];
            double r = sqlite3_column_double(pStmt,i);
            memcpy(&u, &r, 8);
            for(j=8; j>=1; j--){
              x[j] = u & 0xff;
              u >>= 8;
            }
            x[0] = 'F';
            SHA3Update(&cx,x,9);
            break;
          }
          case SQLITE_TEXT: {
            int n2 = sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, i);
            const unsigned char *z2 = sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, i);
            hash_step_vformat(&cx,"T%d:",n2);
            SHA3Update(&cx, z2, n2);
            break;
          }
          case SQLITE_BLOB: {
            int n2 = sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, i);
            const unsigned char *z2 = sqlite3_column_blob(pStmt, i);
            hash_step_vformat(&cx,"B%d:",n2);
            SHA3Update(&cx, z2, n2);
            break;
          }
        }
      }
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
  }
  sqlite3_result_blob(context, SHA3Final(&cx), iSize/8, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
}


#ifdef _WIN32
__declspec(dllexport)
#endif
int sqlite3_shathree_init(
  sqlite3 *db,
  char **pzErrMsg,
  const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
  (void)pzErrMsg;  /* Unused parameter */
  rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "sha3", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
                               sha3Func, 0, 0);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "sha3", 2, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
                                 sha3Func, 0, 0);
  }
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "sha3_query", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
                                 sha3QueryFunc, 0, 0);
  }
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "sha3_query", 2, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
                                 sha3QueryFunc, 0, 0);
  }
  return rc;
}

##########################################################################
# 2016 Mar 8
#
# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
#
#    May you do good and not evil.
#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
proc process_cmdline {} { 
  cmdline::process ::A $::argv {
    {make                 "try to build missing tools"}
    {verbose              "make more noise"}
    database
    database2
  } {
 This script uses/tests the following tools:

   dbselftest
   rbu
   sqldiff
   sqlite3
 
 The user passes the names of two database files - a.db and b.db below - as
 arguments. This program:

 1. Runs [dbselftest --init] against both databases.
 2. Runs [sqldiff --rbu --vtab a.db b.db | sqlite3 <tmpname>.db] to create an 
    RBU database.
 3. Runs [rbu b.db <tmpname>.db] to patch b.db to a.db.
 4. Runs [sqldiff --table selftest a.db b.db] to check that the selftest
    tables are now identical.
 5. Runs [dbselftest] against both databases.
  }
}

###########################################################################
###########################################################################
# Command line options processor. This is generic code that can be copied
# between scripts.
#
namespace eval cmdline {
  proc cmdline_error {O E {msg ""}} {
    if {$msg != ""} {
      puts stderr "Error: $msg"
      puts stderr ""
    }
  
    set L [list]
    foreach o $O {
      if {[llength $o]==1} {
        lappend L [string toupper $o]
      }
    }
  
    puts stderr "Usage: $::argv0 ?SWITCHES? $L"
    puts stderr ""
    puts stderr "Switches are:"
    foreach o $O {
      if {[llength $o]==3} {
        foreach {a b c} $o {}
        puts stderr [format "    -%-15s %s (default \"%s\")" "$a VAL" $c $b]
      } elseif {[llength $o]==2} {
        foreach {a b} $o {}
        puts stderr [format "    -%-15s %s" $a $b]
      }
    }
    puts stderr ""
    puts stderr $E
    exit -1
  }
  
  proc process {avar lArgs O E} {
    upvar $avar A
    set zTrailing ""       ;# True if ... is present in $O
    set lPosargs [list]
  
    # Populate A() with default values. Also, for each switch in the command
    # line spec, set an entry in the idx() array as follows:
    #
    #  {tblname t1 "table name to use"}  
    #      -> [set idx(-tblname) {tblname t1 "table name to use"}  
    #
    # For each position parameter, append its name to $lPosargs. If the ...
    # specifier is present, set $zTrailing to the name of the prefix.
    #
    foreach o $O {
      set nm [lindex $o 0]
      set nArg [llength $o]
      switch -- $nArg {
        1 {
          if {[string range $nm end-2 end]=="..."} {
            set zTrailing [string range $nm 0 end-3]
          } else {
            lappend lPosargs $nm
          }
        }
        2 {
          set A($nm) 0
          set idx(-$nm) $o
        }
        3 {
          set A($nm) [lindex $o 1]
          set idx(-$nm) $o
        }
        default {
          error "Error in command line specification"
        }
      }
    }
  
    # Set explicitly specified option values
    #
    set nArg [llength $lArgs]
    for {set i 0} {$i < $nArg} {incr i} {
      set opt [lindex $lArgs $i]
      if {[string range $opt 0 0]!="-" || $opt=="--"} break
      set c [array names idx "${opt}*"]
      if {[llength $c]==0} { cmdline_error $O $E "Unrecognized option: $opt"}
      if {[llength $c]>1}  { cmdline_error $O $E "Ambiguous option: $opt"}
  
      if {[llength $idx($c)]==3} {
        if {$i==[llength $lArgs]-1} {
          cmdline_error $O $E "Option requires argument: $c" 
        }
        incr i
        set A([lindex $idx($c) 0]) [lindex $lArgs $i]
      } else {
        set A([lindex $idx($c) 0]) 1
      }
    }
  
    # Deal with position arguments.
    #
    set nPosarg [llength $lPosargs]
    set nRem [expr $nArg - $i]
    if {$nRem < $nPosarg || ($zTrailing=="" && $nRem > $nPosarg)} {
      cmdline_error $O $E
    }
    for {set j 0} {$j < $nPosarg} {incr j} {
      set A([lindex $lPosargs $j]) [lindex $lArgs [expr $j+$i]]
    }
    if {$zTrailing!=""} {
      set A($zTrailing) [lrange $lArgs [expr $j+$i] end]
    }
  }
} ;# namespace eval cmdline
# End of command line options processor.
###########################################################################
###########################################################################

process_cmdline

# Check that the specified tool is present.
#
proc check_for_tool {tool} {
  if {[file exists $tool]==0 || [file executable $tool]==0} {
    puts stderr "Missing $tool... exiting. (run \[make $tool\])"
    exit -1
  }
}

if {$A(make)} {
  if {$A(verbose)} { puts "building tools..." }
  exec make dbselftest rbu sqlite3 sqldiff
}

check_for_tool dbselftest
check_for_tool rbu
check_for_tool sqlite3
check_for_tool sqldiff

exec ./sqlite3 $A(database) "DROP TABLE selftest;"
exec ./sqlite3 $A(database2) "DROP TABLE selftest;"

# Run [dbselftest --init] on both databases
if {$A(verbose)} { puts "Running \[dbselftest --init\]" }
exec ./dbselftest --init $A(database)
exec ./dbselftest --init $A(database2)

# Create an RBU patch.
set tmpname "./rrt-[format %x [expr int(rand()*0x7FFFFFFF)]].db"
if {$A(verbose)} { puts "rbu database is $tmpname" }
exec ./sqldiff --rbu --vtab $A(database2) $A(database) | ./sqlite3 $tmpname

# Run the [rbu] patch.
if {$A(verbose)} { puts "Running \[rbu]" }
exec ./rbu $A(database2) $tmpname

set selftest_diff [exec ./sqldiff --table selftest $A(database) $A(database2)]
if {$selftest_diff != ""} {
  puts stderr "patching table \"selftest\" failed: $selftest_diff"
  exit -1
}

# Run [dbselftest] on both databases
if {$A(verbose)} { puts "Running \[dbselftest]" }
exec ./dbselftest $A(database)
exec ./dbselftest $A(database2)

# Remove the RBU database
file delete $tmpname
puts "round trip test successful."

}
term(A) ::= FLOAT|BLOB(X). {spanExpr(&A,pParse,@X,X);/*A-overwrites-X*/}
term(A) ::= STRING(X).     {spanExpr(&A,pParse,@X,X);/*A-overwrites-X*/}
term(A) ::= INTEGER(X). {
  A.pExpr = sqlite3ExprAlloc(pParse->db, TK_INTEGER, &X, 1);
  A.zStart = X.z;
  A.zEnd = X.z + X.n;
  if( A.pExpr ) A.pExpr->flags |= EP_Leaf|EP_Resolved;
}
expr(A) ::= VARIABLE(X).     {
  if( !(X.z[0]=='#' && sqlite3Isdigit(X.z[1])) ){
    u32 n = X.n;
    spanExpr(&A, pParse, TK_VARIABLE, X);
    sqlite3ExprAssignVarNumber(pParse, A.pExpr, n);
  }else{

  **  PRAGMA optimize(MASK)
  **  PRAGMA schema.optimize
  **  PRAGMA schema.optimize(MASK)
  **
  ** Attempt to optimize the database.  All schemas are optimized in the first
  ** two forms, and only the specified schema is optimized in the latter two.
  **
  ** The details of optimizations performed by this pragma are expected
  ** to change and improve over time.  Applications should anticipate that
  ** this pragma will perform new optimizations in future releases.
  **
  ** The optional argument is a bitmask of optimizations to perform:
  **
  **    0x0001    Debugging mode.  Do not actually perform any optimizations
  **              but instead return one line of text for each optimization
  **              that would have been done.  Off by default.
  **
  **    0x0002    Run ANALYZE on tables that might benefit.  On by default.
  **              See below for additional information.
  **
  **    0x0004    (Not yet implemented) Record usage and performance 
  **              information from the current session in the
  **              database file so that it will be available to "optimize"
  **              pragmas run by future database connections.
  **
  **    0x0008    (Not yet implemented) Create indexes that might have
  **              been helpful to recent queries
  **
  ** The default MASK is and always shall be 0xfffe.  0xfffe means perform all    ** of the optimizations listed above except Debug Mode, including new
  ** optimizations that have not yet been invented.  If new optimizations are
  ** ever added that should be off by default, those off-by-default 
  ** optimizations will have bitmasks of 0x10000 or larger.
  **
  ** DETERMINATION OF WHEN TO RUN ANALYZE
  **
  ** In the current implementation, a table is analyzed if only if all of
  ** the following are true:
  **
  ** (1) MASK bit 0x02 is set.

    char *zSubSql;         /* SQL statement for the OP_SqlExec opcode */
    u32 opMask;            /* Mask of operations to perform */

    if( zRight ){
      opMask = (u32)sqlite3Atoi(zRight);
      if( (opMask & 0x02)==0 ) break;
    }else{
      opMask = 0xfffe;
    }
    iTabCur = pParse->nTab++;
    for(iDbLast = zDb?iDb:db->nDb-1; iDb<=iDbLast; iDb++){
      if( iDb==1 ) continue;
      sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, iDb);
      pSchema = db->aDb[iDb].pSchema;
      for(k=sqliteHashFirst(&pSchema->tblHash); k; k=sqliteHashNext(k)){

          break;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  /* Start at the inner-most context and move outward until a match is found */
  assert( pNC && cnt==0 );
  do{
    ExprList *pEList;
    SrcList *pSrcList = pNC->pSrcList;

    if( pSrcList ){
      for(i=0, pItem=pSrcList->a; i<pSrcList->nSrc; i++, pItem++){
        pTab = pItem->pTab;
        assert( pTab!=0 && pTab->zName!=0 );

        }
      } 
    }

    /* Advance to the next name context.  The loop will exit when either
    ** we have a match (cnt>0) or when we run out of name contexts.
    */
    if( cnt ) break;
    pNC = pNC->pNext;
    nSubquery++;
  }while( pNC );


  /*
  ** If X and Y are NULL (in other words if only the column name Z is
  ** supplied) and the value of Z is enclosed in double-quotes, then
  ** Z is a string literal if it doesn't match any column names.  In that
  ** case, we need to return right away and not make any changes to
  ** pExpr.

      pExpr->iColumn = -1;
      pExpr->affinity = SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER;
      break;
    }
#endif /* defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT)
          && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY) */






    /* A column name:                    ID
    ** Or table name and column name:    ID.ID
    ** Or a database, table and column:  ID.ID.ID
    **
    ** The TK_ID and TK_OUT cases are combined so that there will only
    ** be one call to lookupName().  Then the compiler will in-line 
    ** lookupName() for a size reduction and performance increase.
    */
    case TK_ID:
    case TK_DOT: {
      const char *zColumn;
      const char *zTable;
      const char *zDb;
      Expr *pRight;

      if( pExpr->op==TK_ID ){
        zDb = 0;
        zTable = 0;
        zColumn = pExpr->u.zToken;
      }else{
        notValid(pParse, pNC, "the \".\" operator", NC_IdxExpr);
        pRight = pExpr->pRight;
        if( pRight->op==TK_ID ){
          zDb = 0;
          zTable = pExpr->pLeft->u.zToken;
          zColumn = pRight->u.zToken;
        }else{
          assert( pRight->op==TK_DOT );
          zDb = pExpr->pLeft->u.zToken;
          zTable = pRight->pLeft->u.zToken;
          zColumn = pRight->pRight->u.zToken;
        }
      }
      return lookupName(pParse, zDb, zTable, zColumn, pNC, pExpr);
    }

    /* Resolve function names
    */
    case TK_FUNCTION: {

    if( *z=='+' || *z=='-' ) z++;
    if( !IsDigit(*z) ) return 0;
    while( IsDigit(*z) ){ z++; }
    if( realnum ) *realnum = 1;
  }
  return *z==0;
}























/*
** Compute a string length that is limited to what can be stored in
** lower 30 bits of a 32-bit signed integer.
*/
static int strlen30(const char *z){
  const char *z2 = z;

    free(zPrior);
    zResult = shell_readline(zPrompt);
    if( zResult && *zResult ) shell_add_history(zResult);
#endif
  }
  return zResult;
}
/*
** A variable length string to which one can append text.
*/
typedef struct ShellText ShellText;
struct ShellText {
  char *z;
  int n;
  int nAlloc;
};

/*
** Initialize and destroy a ShellText object
*/
static void initText(ShellText *p){
  memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
}
static void freeText(ShellText *p){
  free(p->z);
  initText(p);
}

/* zIn is either a pointer to a NULL-terminated string in memory obtained
** from malloc(), or a NULL pointer. The string pointed to by zAppend is
** added to zIn, and the result returned in memory obtained from malloc().
** zIn, if it was not NULL, is freed.
**
** If the third argument, quote, is not '\0', then it is used as a
** quote character for zAppend.
*/
static void appendText(ShellText *p, char const *zAppend, char quote){
  int len;
  int i;
  int nAppend = strlen30(zAppend);

  len = nAppend+p->n+1;
  if( quote ){
    len += 2;
    for(i=0; i<nAppend; i++){
      if( zAppend[i]==quote ) len++;
    }
  }

  if( p->n+len>=p->nAlloc ){
    p->nAlloc = p->nAlloc*2 + len + 20;
    p->z = realloc(p->z, p->nAlloc);
    if( p->z==0 ){
      memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
      return;
    }
  }

  if( quote ){
    char *zCsr = p->z+p->n;
    *zCsr++ = quote;
    for(i=0; i<nAppend; i++){
      *zCsr++ = zAppend[i];
      if( zAppend[i]==quote ) *zCsr++ = quote;
    }
    *zCsr++ = quote;
    p->n = (int)(zCsr - p->z);
    *zCsr = '\0';
  }else{
    memcpy(p->z+p->n, zAppend, nAppend);
    p->n += nAppend;
    p->z[p->n] = '\0';
  }
}

/*
** Attempt to determine if identifier zName needs to be quoted, either
** because it contains non-alphanumeric characters, or because it is an
** SQLite keyword.  Be conservative in this estimate:  When in doubt assume
** that quoting is required.
**
** Return '"' if quoting is required.  Return 0 if no quoting is required.
*/
static char quoteChar(const char *zName){
  /* All SQLite keywords, in alphabetical order */
  static const char *azKeywords[] = {
    "ABORT", "ACTION", "ADD", "AFTER", "ALL", "ALTER", "ANALYZE", "AND", "AS",
    "ASC", "ATTACH", "AUTOINCREMENT", "BEFORE", "BEGIN", "BETWEEN", "BY",
    "CASCADE", "CASE", "CAST", "CHECK", "COLLATE", "COLUMN", "COMMIT",
    "CONFLICT", "CONSTRAINT", "CREATE", "CROSS", "CURRENT_DATE",
    "CURRENT_TIME", "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP", "DATABASE", "DEFAULT", "DEFERRABLE",
    "DEFERRED", "DELETE", "DESC", "DETACH", "DISTINCT", "DROP", "EACH",
    "ELSE", "END", "ESCAPE", "EXCEPT", "EXCLUSIVE", "EXISTS", "EXPLAIN",
    "FAIL", "FOR", "FOREIGN", "FROM", "FULL", "GLOB", "GROUP", "HAVING", "IF",
    "IGNORE", "IMMEDIATE", "IN", "INDEX", "INDEXED", "INITIALLY", "INNER",
    "INSERT", "INSTEAD", "INTERSECT", "INTO", "IS", "ISNULL", "JOIN", "KEY",
    "LEFT", "LIKE", "LIMIT", "MATCH", "NATURAL", "NO", "NOT", "NOTNULL",
    "NULL", "OF", "OFFSET", "ON", "OR", "ORDER", "OUTER", "PLAN", "PRAGMA",
    "PRIMARY", "QUERY", "RAISE", "RECURSIVE", "REFERENCES", "REGEXP",
    "REINDEX", "RELEASE", "RENAME", "REPLACE", "RESTRICT", "RIGHT",
    "ROLLBACK", "ROW", "SAVEPOINT", "SELECT", "SET", "TABLE", "TEMP",
    "TEMPORARY", "THEN", "TO", "TRANSACTION", "TRIGGER", "UNION", "UNIQUE",
    "UPDATE", "USING", "VACUUM", "VALUES", "VIEW", "VIRTUAL", "WHEN", "WHERE",
    "WITH", "WITHOUT",
  };
  int i, lwr, upr, mid, c;
  if( !isalpha((unsigned char)zName[0]) && zName[0]!='_' ) return '"';
  for(i=0; zName[i]; i++){
    if( !isalnum((unsigned char)zName[i]) && zName[i]!='_' ) return '"';
  }
  lwr = 0;
  upr = sizeof(azKeywords)/sizeof(azKeywords[0]) - 1;
  while( lwr<=upr ){
    mid = (lwr+upr)/2;
    c = sqlite3_stricmp(azKeywords[mid], zName);
    if( c==0 ) return '"';
    if( c<0 ){
      lwr = mid+1;
    }else{
      upr = mid-1;
    }
  }
  return 0;
}

/******************************************************************************
** SHA3 hash implementation copied from ../ext/misc/shathree.c
*/
typedef sqlite3_uint64 u64;
/*
** Macros to determine whether the machine is big or little endian,
** and whether or not that determination is run-time or compile-time.
**
** For best performance, an attempt is made to guess at the byte-order
** using C-preprocessor macros.  If that is unsuccessful, or if
** -DSHA3_BYTEORDER=0 is set, then byte-order is determined
** at run-time.
*/
#ifndef SHA3_BYTEORDER
# if defined(i386)     || defined(__i386__)   || defined(_M_IX86) ||    \
     defined(__x86_64) || defined(__x86_64__) || defined(_M_X64)  ||    \
     defined(_M_AMD64) || defined(_M_ARM)     || defined(__x86)   ||    \
     defined(__arm__)
#   define SHA3_BYTEORDER    1234
# elif defined(sparc)    || defined(__ppc__)
#   define SHA3_BYTEORDER    4321
# else
#   define SHA3_BYTEORDER 0
# endif
#endif


/*
** State structure for a SHA3 hash in progress
*/
typedef struct SHA3Context SHA3Context;
struct SHA3Context {
  union {
    u64 s[25];                /* Keccak state. 5x5 lines of 64 bits each */
    unsigned char x[1600];    /* ... or 1600 bytes */
  } u;
  unsigned nRate;        /* Bytes of input accepted per Keccak iteration */
  unsigned nLoaded;      /* Input bytes loaded into u.x[] so far this cycle */
  unsigned ixMask;       /* Insert next input into u.x[nLoaded^ixMask]. */
};

/*
** A single step of the Keccak mixing function for a 1600-bit state
*/
static void KeccakF1600Step(SHA3Context *p){
  int i;
  u64 B0, B1, B2, B3, B4;
  u64 C0, C1, C2, C3, C4;
  u64 D0, D1, D2, D3, D4;
  static const u64 RC[] = {
    0x0000000000000001ULL,  0x0000000000008082ULL,
    0x800000000000808aULL,  0x8000000080008000ULL,
    0x000000000000808bULL,  0x0000000080000001ULL,
    0x8000000080008081ULL,  0x8000000000008009ULL,
    0x000000000000008aULL,  0x0000000000000088ULL,
    0x0000000080008009ULL,  0x000000008000000aULL,
    0x000000008000808bULL,  0x800000000000008bULL,
    0x8000000000008089ULL,  0x8000000000008003ULL,
    0x8000000000008002ULL,  0x8000000000000080ULL,
    0x000000000000800aULL,  0x800000008000000aULL,
    0x8000000080008081ULL,  0x8000000000008080ULL,
    0x0000000080000001ULL,  0x8000000080008008ULL
  };
# define A00 (p->u.s[0])
# define A01 (p->u.s[1])
# define A02 (p->u.s[2])
# define A03 (p->u.s[3])
# define A04 (p->u.s[4])
# define A10 (p->u.s[5])
# define A11 (p->u.s[6])
# define A12 (p->u.s[7])
# define A13 (p->u.s[8])
# define A14 (p->u.s[9])
# define A20 (p->u.s[10])
# define A21 (p->u.s[11])
# define A22 (p->u.s[12])
# define A23 (p->u.s[13])
# define A24 (p->u.s[14])
# define A30 (p->u.s[15])
# define A31 (p->u.s[16])
# define A32 (p->u.s[17])
# define A33 (p->u.s[18])
# define A34 (p->u.s[19])
# define A40 (p->u.s[20])
# define A41 (p->u.s[21])
# define A42 (p->u.s[22])
# define A43 (p->u.s[23])
# define A44 (p->u.s[24])
# define ROL64(a,x) ((a<<x)|(a>>(64-x)))

  for(i=0; i<24; i+=4){
    C0 = A00^A10^A20^A30^A40;
    C1 = A01^A11^A21^A31^A41;
    C2 = A02^A12^A22^A32^A42;
    C3 = A03^A13^A23^A33^A43;
    C4 = A04^A14^A24^A34^A44;
    D0 = C4^ROL64(C1, 1);
    D1 = C0^ROL64(C2, 1);
    D2 = C1^ROL64(C3, 1);
    D3 = C2^ROL64(C4, 1);
    D4 = C3^ROL64(C0, 1);

    B0 = (A00^D0);
    B1 = ROL64((A11^D1), 44);
    B2 = ROL64((A22^D2), 43);
    B3 = ROL64((A33^D3), 21);
    B4 = ROL64((A44^D4), 14);
    A00 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A00 ^= RC[i];
    A11 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A22 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A33 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A44 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B2 = ROL64((A20^D0), 3);
    B3 = ROL64((A31^D1), 45);
    B4 = ROL64((A42^D2), 61);
    B0 = ROL64((A03^D3), 28);
    B1 = ROL64((A14^D4), 20);
    A20 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A31 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A42 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A03 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A14 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B4 = ROL64((A40^D0), 18);
    B0 = ROL64((A01^D1), 1);
    B1 = ROL64((A12^D2), 6);
    B2 = ROL64((A23^D3), 25);
    B3 = ROL64((A34^D4), 8);
    A40 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A01 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A12 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A23 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A34 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B1 = ROL64((A10^D0), 36);
    B2 = ROL64((A21^D1), 10);
    B3 = ROL64((A32^D2), 15);
    B4 = ROL64((A43^D3), 56);
    B0 = ROL64((A04^D4), 27);
    A10 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A21 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A32 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A43 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A04 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B3 = ROL64((A30^D0), 41);
    B4 = ROL64((A41^D1), 2);
    B0 = ROL64((A02^D2), 62);
    B1 = ROL64((A13^D3), 55);
    B2 = ROL64((A24^D4), 39);
    A30 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A41 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A02 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A13 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A24 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    C0 = A00^A20^A40^A10^A30;
    C1 = A11^A31^A01^A21^A41;
    C2 = A22^A42^A12^A32^A02;
    C3 = A33^A03^A23^A43^A13;
    C4 = A44^A14^A34^A04^A24;
    D0 = C4^ROL64(C1, 1);
    D1 = C0^ROL64(C2, 1);
    D2 = C1^ROL64(C3, 1);
    D3 = C2^ROL64(C4, 1);
    D4 = C3^ROL64(C0, 1);

    B0 = (A00^D0);
    B1 = ROL64((A31^D1), 44);
    B2 = ROL64((A12^D2), 43);
    B3 = ROL64((A43^D3), 21);
    B4 = ROL64((A24^D4), 14);
    A00 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A00 ^= RC[i+1];
    A31 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A12 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A43 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A24 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B2 = ROL64((A40^D0), 3);
    B3 = ROL64((A21^D1), 45);
    B4 = ROL64((A02^D2), 61);
    B0 = ROL64((A33^D3), 28);
    B1 = ROL64((A14^D4), 20);
    A40 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A21 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A02 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A33 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A14 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B4 = ROL64((A30^D0), 18);
    B0 = ROL64((A11^D1), 1);
    B1 = ROL64((A42^D2), 6);
    B2 = ROL64((A23^D3), 25);
    B3 = ROL64((A04^D4), 8);
    A30 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A11 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A42 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A23 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A04 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B1 = ROL64((A20^D0), 36);
    B2 = ROL64((A01^D1), 10);
    B3 = ROL64((A32^D2), 15);
    B4 = ROL64((A13^D3), 56);
    B0 = ROL64((A44^D4), 27);
    A20 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A01 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A32 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A13 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A44 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B3 = ROL64((A10^D0), 41);
    B4 = ROL64((A41^D1), 2);
    B0 = ROL64((A22^D2), 62);
    B1 = ROL64((A03^D3), 55);
    B2 = ROL64((A34^D4), 39);
    A10 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A41 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A22 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A03 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A34 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    C0 = A00^A40^A30^A20^A10;
    C1 = A31^A21^A11^A01^A41;
    C2 = A12^A02^A42^A32^A22;
    C3 = A43^A33^A23^A13^A03;
    C4 = A24^A14^A04^A44^A34;
    D0 = C4^ROL64(C1, 1);
    D1 = C0^ROL64(C2, 1);
    D2 = C1^ROL64(C3, 1);
    D3 = C2^ROL64(C4, 1);
    D4 = C3^ROL64(C0, 1);

    B0 = (A00^D0);
    B1 = ROL64((A21^D1), 44);
    B2 = ROL64((A42^D2), 43);
    B3 = ROL64((A13^D3), 21);
    B4 = ROL64((A34^D4), 14);
    A00 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A00 ^= RC[i+2];
    A21 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A42 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A13 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A34 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B2 = ROL64((A30^D0), 3);
    B3 = ROL64((A01^D1), 45);
    B4 = ROL64((A22^D2), 61);
    B0 = ROL64((A43^D3), 28);
    B1 = ROL64((A14^D4), 20);
    A30 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A01 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A22 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A43 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A14 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B4 = ROL64((A10^D0), 18);
    B0 = ROL64((A31^D1), 1);
    B1 = ROL64((A02^D2), 6);
    B2 = ROL64((A23^D3), 25);
    B3 = ROL64((A44^D4), 8);
    A10 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A31 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A02 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A23 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A44 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B1 = ROL64((A40^D0), 36);
    B2 = ROL64((A11^D1), 10);
    B3 = ROL64((A32^D2), 15);
    B4 = ROL64((A03^D3), 56);
    B0 = ROL64((A24^D4), 27);
    A40 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A11 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A32 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A03 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A24 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B3 = ROL64((A20^D0), 41);
    B4 = ROL64((A41^D1), 2);
    B0 = ROL64((A12^D2), 62);
    B1 = ROL64((A33^D3), 55);
    B2 = ROL64((A04^D4), 39);
    A20 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A41 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A12 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A33 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A04 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    C0 = A00^A30^A10^A40^A20;
    C1 = A21^A01^A31^A11^A41;
    C2 = A42^A22^A02^A32^A12;
    C3 = A13^A43^A23^A03^A33;
    C4 = A34^A14^A44^A24^A04;
    D0 = C4^ROL64(C1, 1);
    D1 = C0^ROL64(C2, 1);
    D2 = C1^ROL64(C3, 1);
    D3 = C2^ROL64(C4, 1);
    D4 = C3^ROL64(C0, 1);

    B0 = (A00^D0);
    B1 = ROL64((A01^D1), 44);
    B2 = ROL64((A02^D2), 43);
    B3 = ROL64((A03^D3), 21);
    B4 = ROL64((A04^D4), 14);
    A00 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A00 ^= RC[i+3];
    A01 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A02 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A03 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A04 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B2 = ROL64((A10^D0), 3);
    B3 = ROL64((A11^D1), 45);
    B4 = ROL64((A12^D2), 61);
    B0 = ROL64((A13^D3), 28);
    B1 = ROL64((A14^D4), 20);
    A10 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A11 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A12 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A13 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A14 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B4 = ROL64((A20^D0), 18);
    B0 = ROL64((A21^D1), 1);
    B1 = ROL64((A22^D2), 6);
    B2 = ROL64((A23^D3), 25);
    B3 = ROL64((A24^D4), 8);
    A20 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A21 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A22 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A23 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A24 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B1 = ROL64((A30^D0), 36);
    B2 = ROL64((A31^D1), 10);
    B3 = ROL64((A32^D2), 15);
    B4 = ROL64((A33^D3), 56);
    B0 = ROL64((A34^D4), 27);
    A30 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A31 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A32 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A33 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A34 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );

    B3 = ROL64((A40^D0), 41);
    B4 = ROL64((A41^D1), 2);
    B0 = ROL64((A42^D2), 62);
    B1 = ROL64((A43^D3), 55);
    B2 = ROL64((A44^D4), 39);
    A40 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
    A41 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
    A42 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
    A43 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
    A44 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
  }
}

/*
** Initialize a new hash.  iSize determines the size of the hash
** in bits and should be one of 224, 256, 384, or 512.  Or iSize
** can be zero to use the default hash size of 256 bits.
*/
static void SHA3Init(SHA3Context *p, int iSize){
  memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
  if( iSize>=128 && iSize<=512 ){
    p->nRate = (1600 - ((iSize + 31)&~31)*2)/8;
  }else{
    p->nRate = (1600 - 2*256)/8;
  }
#if SHA3_BYTEORDER==1234
  /* Known to be little-endian at compile-time. No-op */
#elif SHA3_BYTEORDER==4321
  p->ixMask = 7;  /* Big-endian */
#else
  {
    static unsigned int one = 1;
    if( 1==*(unsigned char*)&one ){
      /* Little endian.  No byte swapping. */
      p->ixMask = 0;
    }else{
      /* Big endian.  Byte swap. */
      p->ixMask = 7;
    }
  }
#endif
}

/*
** Make consecutive calls to the SHA3Update function to add new content
** to the hash
*/
static void SHA3Update(
  SHA3Context *p,
  const unsigned char *aData,
  unsigned int nData
){
  unsigned int i = 0;
#if SHA3_BYTEORDER==1234
  if( (p->nLoaded % 8)==0 && ((aData - (const unsigned char*)0)&7)==0 ){
    for(; i+7<nData; i+=8){
      p->u.s[p->nLoaded/8] ^= *(u64*)&aData[i];
      p->nLoaded += 8;
      if( p->nLoaded>=p->nRate ){
        KeccakF1600Step(p);
        p->nLoaded = 0;
      }
    }
  }
#endif
  for(; i<nData; i++){
#if SHA3_BYTEORDER==1234
    p->u.x[p->nLoaded] ^= aData[i];
#elif SHA3_BYTEORDER==4321
    p->u.x[p->nLoaded^0x07] ^= aData[i];
#else
    p->u.x[p->nLoaded^p->ixMask] ^= aData[i];
#endif
    p->nLoaded++;
    if( p->nLoaded==p->nRate ){
      KeccakF1600Step(p);
      p->nLoaded = 0;
    }
  }
}

/*
** After all content has been added, invoke SHA3Final() to compute
** the final hash.  The function returns a pointer to the binary
** hash value.
*/
static unsigned char *SHA3Final(SHA3Context *p){
  unsigned int i;
  if( p->nLoaded==p->nRate-1 ){
    const unsigned char c1 = 0x86;
    SHA3Update(p, &c1, 1);
  }else{
    const unsigned char c2 = 0x06;
    const unsigned char c3 = 0x80;
    SHA3Update(p, &c2, 1);
    p->nLoaded = p->nRate - 1;
    SHA3Update(p, &c3, 1);
  }
  for(i=0; i<p->nRate; i++){
    p->u.x[i+p->nRate] = p->u.x[i^p->ixMask];
  }
  return &p->u.x[p->nRate];
}

/*
** Implementation of the sha3(X,SIZE) function.
**
** Return a BLOB which is the SIZE-bit SHA3 hash of X.  The default
** size is 256.  If X is a BLOB, it is hashed as is.  
** For all other non-NULL types of input, X is converted into a UTF-8 string
** and the string is hashed without the trailing 0x00 terminator.  The hash
** of a NULL value is NULL.
*/
static void sha3Func(
  sqlite3_context *context,
  int argc,
  sqlite3_value **argv
){
  SHA3Context cx;
  int eType = sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]);
  int nByte = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
  int iSize;
  if( argc==1 ){
    iSize = 256;
  }else{
    iSize = sqlite3_value_int(argv[1]);
    if( iSize!=224 && iSize!=256 && iSize!=384 && iSize!=512 ){
      sqlite3_result_error(context, "SHA3 size should be one of: 224 256 "
                                    "384 512", -1);
      return;
    }
  }
  if( eType==SQLITE_NULL ) return;
  SHA3Init(&cx, iSize);
  if( eType==SQLITE_BLOB ){
    SHA3Update(&cx, sqlite3_value_blob(argv[0]), nByte);
  }else{
    SHA3Update(&cx, sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]), nByte);
  }
  sqlite3_result_blob(context, SHA3Final(&cx), iSize/8, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
}

/* Compute a string using sqlite3_vsnprintf() with a maximum length
** of 50 bytes and add it to the hash.
*/
static void hash_step_vformat(
  SHA3Context *p,                 /* Add content to this context */
  const char *zFormat,
  ...
){
  va_list ap;
  int n;
  char zBuf[50];
  va_start(ap, zFormat);
  sqlite3_vsnprintf(sizeof(zBuf),zBuf,zFormat,ap);
  va_end(ap);
  n = (int)strlen(zBuf);
  SHA3Update(p, (unsigned char*)zBuf, n);
}

/*
** Implementation of the sha3_query(SQL,SIZE) function.
**
** This function compiles and runs the SQL statement(s) given in the
** argument. The results are hashed using a SIZE-bit SHA3.  The default
** size is 256.
**
** The format of the byte stream that is hashed is summarized as follows:
**
**       S<n>:<sql>
**       R
**       N
**       I<int>
**       F<ieee-float>
**       B<size>:<bytes>
**       T<size>:<text>
**
** <sql> is the original SQL text for each statement run and <n> is
** the size of that text.  The SQL text is UTF-8.  A single R character
** occurs before the start of each row.  N means a NULL value.
** I mean an 8-byte little-endian integer <int>.  F is a floating point
** number with an 8-byte little-endian IEEE floating point value <ieee-float>.
** B means blobs of <size> bytes.  T means text rendered as <size>
** bytes of UTF-8.  The <n> and <size> values are expressed as an ASCII
** text integers.
**
** For each SQL statement in the X input, there is one S segment.  Each
** S segment is followed by zero or more R segments, one for each row in the
** result set.  After each R, there are one or more N, I, F, B, or T segments,
** one for each column in the result set.  Segments are concatentated directly
** with no delimiters of any kind.
*/
static void sha3QueryFunc(
  sqlite3_context *context,
  int argc,
  sqlite3_value **argv
){
  sqlite3 *db = sqlite3_context_db_handle(context);
  const char *zSql = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
  int nCol;                   /* Number of columns in the result set */
  int i;                      /* Loop counter */
  int rc;
  int n;
  const char *z;
  SHA3Context cx;
  int iSize;

  if( argc==1 ){
    iSize = 256;
  }else{
    iSize = sqlite3_value_int(argv[1]);
    if( iSize!=224 && iSize!=256 && iSize!=384 && iSize!=512 ){
      sqlite3_result_error(context, "SHA3 size should be one of: 224 256 "
                                    "384 512", -1);
      return;
    }
  }
  if( zSql==0 ) return;
  SHA3Init(&cx, iSize);
  while( zSql[0] ){
    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, &zSql);
    if( rc ){
      char *zMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("error SQL statement [%s]: %s",
                                   zSql, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
      sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
      sqlite3_result_error(context, zMsg, -1);
      sqlite3_free(zMsg);
      return;
    }
    if( !sqlite3_stmt_readonly(pStmt) ){
      char *zMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("non-query: [%s]", sqlite3_sql(pStmt));
      sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
      sqlite3_result_error(context, zMsg, -1);
      sqlite3_free(zMsg);
      return;
    }
    nCol = sqlite3_column_count(pStmt);
    z = sqlite3_sql(pStmt);
    if( z==0 ){
      sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
      continue;
    }
    n = (int)strlen(z);
    hash_step_vformat(&cx,"S%d:",n);
    SHA3Update(&cx,(unsigned char*)z,n);

    /* Compute a hash over the result of the query */
    while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
      SHA3Update(&cx,(const unsigned char*)"R",1);
      for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
        switch( sqlite3_column_type(pStmt,i) ){
          case SQLITE_NULL: {
            SHA3Update(&cx, (const unsigned char*)"N",1);
            break;
          }
          case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
            sqlite3_uint64 u;
            int j;
            unsigned char x[9];
            sqlite3_int64 v = sqlite3_column_int64(pStmt,i);
            memcpy(&u, &v, 8);
            for(j=8; j>=1; j--){
              x[j] = u & 0xff;
              u >>= 8;
            }
            x[0] = 'I';
            SHA3Update(&cx, x, 9);
            break;
          }
          case SQLITE_FLOAT: {
            sqlite3_uint64 u;
            int j;
            unsigned char x[9];
            double r = sqlite3_column_double(pStmt,i);
            memcpy(&u, &r, 8);
            for(j=8; j>=1; j--){
              x[j] = u & 0xff;
              u >>= 8;
            }
            x[0] = 'F';
            SHA3Update(&cx,x,9);
            break;
          }
          case SQLITE_TEXT: {
            int n2 = sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, i);
            const unsigned char *z2 = sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, i);
            hash_step_vformat(&cx,"T%d:",n2);
            SHA3Update(&cx, z2, n2);
            break;
          }
          case SQLITE_BLOB: {
            int n2 = sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, i);
            const unsigned char *z2 = sqlite3_column_blob(pStmt, i);
            hash_step_vformat(&cx,"B%d:",n2);
            SHA3Update(&cx, z2, n2);
            break;
          }
        }
      }
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
  }
  sqlite3_result_blob(context, SHA3Final(&cx), iSize/8, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
}
/* End of SHA3 hashing logic copy/pasted from ../ext/misc/shathree.c
********************************************************************************/

#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
/*
** State information for a single open session
*/
typedef struct OpenSession OpenSession;
struct OpenSession {

  int autoExplain;       /* Automatically turn on .explain mode */
  int autoEQP;           /* Run EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN prior to seach SQL stmt */
  int statsOn;           /* True to display memory stats before each finalize */
  int scanstatsOn;       /* True to display scan stats before each finalize */
  int countChanges;      /* True to display change counts */
  int backslashOn;       /* Resolve C-style \x escapes in SQL input text */
  int outCount;          /* Revert to stdout when reaching zero */
  int preserveRowid;     /* Preserver ROWID values on a ".dump" command */
  int cnt;               /* Number of records displayed so far */
  FILE *out;             /* Write results here */
  FILE *traceOut;        /* Output for sqlite3_trace() */
  int nErr;              /* Number of errors seen */
  int mode;              /* An output mode setting */
  int cMode;             /* temporary output mode for the current query */
  int normalMode;        /* Output mode before ".explain on" */

** This is the callback routine that the SQLite library
** invokes for each row of a query result.
*/
static int callback(void *pArg, int nArg, char **azArg, char **azCol){
  /* since we don't have type info, call the shell_callback with a NULL value */
  return shell_callback(pArg, nArg, azArg, azCol, NULL);
}


/*
** Set the destination table field of the ShellState structure to
** the name of the table given.  Escape any quote characters in the
** table name.
*/
static void set_table_name(ShellState *p, const char *zName){
  int i, n;
  int cQuote;
  char *z;

  if( p->zDestTable ){
    free(p->zDestTable);
    p->zDestTable = 0;
  }
  if( zName==0 ) return;



  cQuote = quoteChar(zName);
  n = strlen30(zName);


  if( cQuote ) n += 2;
  z = p->zDestTable = malloc( n+1 );
  if( z==0 ){
    raw_printf(stderr,"Error: out of memory\n");
    exit(1);
  }
  n = 0;
  if( cQuote ) z[n++] = cQuote;
  for(i=0; zName[i]; i++){
    z[n++] = zName[i];
    if( zName[i]==cQuote ) z[n++] = cQuote;
  }
  if( cQuote ) z[n++] = cQuote;
  z[n] = 0;













































}


/*
** Execute a query statement that will generate SQL output.  Print
** the result columns, comma-separated, on a line and then add a
** semicolon terminator to the end of that line.

      }
    }
  } /* end while */

  return rc;
}

/*
** Release memory previously allocated by tableColumnList().
*/
static void freeColumnList(char **azCol){
  int i;
  for(i=1; azCol[i]; i++){
    sqlite3_free(azCol[i]);
  }
  /* azCol[0] is a static string */
  sqlite3_free(azCol);
}

/*
** Return a list of pointers to strings which are the names of all
** columns in table zTab.   The memory to hold the names is dynamically
** allocated and must be released by the caller using a subsequent call
** to freeColumnList().
**
** The azCol[0] entry is usually NULL.  However, if zTab contains a rowid
** value that needs to be preserved, then azCol[0] is filled in with the
** name of the rowid column.
**
** The first regular column in the table is azCol[1].  The list is terminated
** by an entry with azCol[i]==0.
*/
static char **tableColumnList(ShellState *p, const char *zTab){
  char **azCol = 0;
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
  char *zSql;
  int nCol = 0;
  int nAlloc = 0;
  int nPK = 0;       /* Number of PRIMARY KEY columns seen */
  int isIPK = 0;     /* True if one PRIMARY KEY column of type INTEGER */
  int preserveRowid = p->preserveRowid;
  int rc;

  zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("PRAGMA table_info=%Q", zTab);
  rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
  sqlite3_free(zSql);
  if( rc ) return 0;
  while( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
    if( nCol>=nAlloc-2 ){
      nAlloc = nAlloc*2 + nCol + 10;
      azCol = sqlite3_realloc(azCol, nAlloc*sizeof(azCol[0]));
      if( azCol==0 ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Error: out of memory\n");
        exit(1);
      }
    }
    azCol[++nCol] = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 1));
    if( sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 5) ){
      nPK++;
      if( nPK==1
       && sqlite3_stricmp((const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,2),
                          "INTEGER")==0 
      ){
        isIPK = 1;
      }else{
        isIPK = 0;
      }
    }
  }
  sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
  azCol[0] = 0;
  azCol[nCol+1] = 0;

  /* The decision of whether or not a rowid really needs to be preserved
  ** is tricky.  We never need to preserve a rowid for a WITHOUT ROWID table
  ** or a table with an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY.  We are unable to preserve
  ** rowids on tables where the rowid is inaccessible because there are other
  ** columns in the table named "rowid", "_rowid_", and "oid".
  */
  if( preserveRowid && isIPK ){
    /* If a single PRIMARY KEY column with type INTEGER was seen, then it
    ** might be an alise for the ROWID.  But it might also be a WITHOUT ROWID
    ** table or a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY DESC column, neither of which are
    ** ROWID aliases.  To distinguish these cases, check to see if
    ** there is a "pk" entry in "PRAGMA index_list".  There will be
    ** no "pk" index if the PRIMARY KEY really is an alias for the ROWID.
    */
    zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT 1 FROM pragma_index_list(%Q)"
                           " WHERE origin='pk'", zTab);
    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
    sqlite3_free(zSql);
    if( rc ){
      freeColumnList(azCol);
      return 0;
    }
    rc = sqlite3_step(pStmt);
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    preserveRowid = rc==SQLITE_ROW;
  }
  if( preserveRowid ){
    /* Only preserve the rowid if we can find a name to use for the
    ** rowid */
    static char *azRowid[] = { "rowid", "_rowid_", "oid" };
    int i, j;
    for(j=0; j<3; j++){
      for(i=1; i<=nCol; i++){
        if( sqlite3_stricmp(azRowid[j],azCol[i])==0 ) break;
      }
      if( i>nCol ){
        /* At this point, we know that azRowid[j] is not the name of any
        ** ordinary column in the table.  Verify that azRowid[j] is a valid
        ** name for the rowid before adding it to azCol[0].  WITHOUT ROWID
        ** tables will fail this last check */
        int rc;
        rc = sqlite3_table_column_metadata(p->db,0,zTab,azRowid[j],0,0,0,0,0);
        if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) azCol[0] = azRowid[j];
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  return azCol;
}

/*
** This is a different callback routine used for dumping the database.
** Each row received by this callback consists of a table name,
** the table type ("index" or "table") and SQL to create the table.
** This routine should print text sufficient to recreate the table.
*/
static int dump_callback(void *pArg, int nArg, char **azArg, char **azCol){
  int rc;
  const char *zTable;
  const char *zType;
  const char *zSql;

  ShellState *p = (ShellState *)pArg;

  UNUSED_PARAMETER(azCol);
  if( nArg!=3 ) return 1;
  zTable = azArg[0];
  zType = azArg[1];
  zSql = azArg[2];

  if( strcmp(zTable, "sqlite_sequence")==0 ){
    raw_printf(p->out, "DELETE FROM sqlite_sequence;\n");
  }else if( sqlite3_strglob("sqlite_stat?", zTable)==0 ){
    raw_printf(p->out, "ANALYZE sqlite_master;\n");
  }else if( strncmp(zTable, "sqlite_", 7)==0 ){
    return 0;
  }else if( strncmp(zSql, "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE", 20)==0 ){
    char *zIns;
    if( !p->writableSchema ){

    sqlite3_free(zIns);
    return 0;
  }else{
    printSchemaLine(p->out, zSql, ";\n");
  }

  if( strcmp(zType, "table")==0 ){

    ShellText sSelect;
    ShellText sTable;
    char **azCol;
    int i;
    char *savedDestTable;



    int savedMode;


    azCol = tableColumnList(p, zTable);
    if( azCol==0 ){
      p->nErr++;
      return 0;
    }


    /* Always quote the table name, even if it appears to be pure ascii,
    ** in case it is a keyword. Ex:  INSERT INTO "table" ... */
    initText(&sTable);
    appendText(&sTable, zTable, quoteChar(zTable));
    /* If preserving the rowid, add a column list after the table name.
    ** In other words:  "INSERT INTO tab(rowid,a,b,c,...) VALUES(...)"
    ** instead of the usual "INSERT INTO tab VALUES(...)".
    */
    if( azCol[0] ){
      appendText(&sTable, "(", 0);

      appendText(&sTable, azCol[0], 0);
      for(i=1; azCol[i]; i++){
        appendText(&sTable, ",", 0);
        appendText(&sTable, azCol[i], quoteChar(azCol[i]));
      }
      appendText(&sTable, ")", 0);
    }



    /* Build an appropriate SELECT statement */
    initText(&sSelect);
    appendText(&sSelect, "SELECT ", 0);

    if( azCol[0] ){
      appendText(&sSelect, azCol[0], 0);

      appendText(&sSelect, ",", 0);
    }
    for(i=1; azCol[i]; i++){
      appendText(&sSelect, azCol[i], quoteChar(azCol[i]));
      if( azCol[i+1] ){
        appendText(&sSelect, ",", 0);
      }




    }
    freeColumnList(azCol);
    appendText(&sSelect, " FROM ", 0);
    appendText(&sSelect, zTable, quoteChar(zTable));

    savedDestTable = p->zDestTable;
    savedMode = p->mode;
    p->zDestTable = sTable.z;
    p->mode = p->cMode = MODE_Insert;
    rc = shell_exec(p->db, sSelect.z, shell_callback, p, 0);
    p->zDestTable = savedDestTable;
    p->mode = savedMode;
    freeText(&sTable);

    freeText(&sSelect);
    if( rc ) p->nErr++;
  }
  return 0;
}

/*
** Run zQuery.  Use dump_callback() as the callback routine so that
** the contents of the query are output as SQL statements.

  ".schema ?PATTERN?      Show the CREATE statements matching PATTERN\n"
  "                          Add --indent for pretty-printing\n"
  ".separator COL ?ROW?   Change the column separator and optionally the row\n"
  "                         separator for both the output mode and .import\n"
#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
  ".session CMD ...       Create or control sessions\n"
#endif
  ".sha3sum ?OPTIONS...?  Compute a SHA3 hash of database content\n"
  ".shell CMD ARGS...     Run CMD ARGS... in a system shell\n"
  ".show                  Show the current values for various settings\n"
  ".stats ?on|off?        Show stats or turn stats on or off\n"
  ".system CMD ARGS...    Run CMD ARGS... in a system shell\n"
  ".tables ?TABLE?        List names of tables\n"
  "                         If TABLE specified, only list tables matching\n"
  "                         LIKE pattern TABLE.\n"

** the database fails to open, print an error message and exit.
*/
static void open_db(ShellState *p, int keepAlive){
  if( p->db==0 ){
    sqlite3_initialize();
    sqlite3_open(p->zDbFilename, &p->db);
    globalDb = p->db;




    if( p->db==0 || SQLITE_OK!=sqlite3_errcode(p->db) ){
      utf8_printf(stderr,"Error: unable to open database \"%s\": %s\n",
          p->zDbFilename, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      if( keepAlive ) return;
      exit(1);
    }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION
    sqlite3_enable_load_extension(p->db, 1);
#endif
    sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "readfile", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
                            readfileFunc, 0, 0);
    sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "writefile", 2, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
                            writefileFunc, 0, 0);
    sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "sha3", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
                            sha3Func, 0, 0);
    sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "sha3", 2, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
                            sha3Func, 0, 0);
    sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "sha3_query", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
                            sha3QueryFunc, 0, 0);
    sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "sha3_query", 2, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
                            sha3QueryFunc, 0, 0);
  }
}

/*
** Do C-language style dequoting.
**
**    \a    -> alarm

  }else

  if( c=='d' && strncmp(azArg[0], "dbinfo", n)==0 ){
    rc = shell_dbinfo_command(p, nArg, azArg);
  }else

  if( c=='d' && strncmp(azArg[0], "dump", n)==0 ){
    const char *zLike = 0;
    int i;
    p->preserveRowid = 0;
    for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
      if( azArg[i][0]=='-' ){
        const char *z = azArg[i]+1;
        if( z[0]=='-' ) z++;
        if( strcmp(z,"preserve-rowids")==0 ){
          p->preserveRowid = 1;
        }else
        {
          raw_printf(stderr, "Unknown option \"%s\" on \".dump\"\n", azArg[i]);
          rc = 1;
          goto meta_command_exit;
        }
      }else if( zLike ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .dump ?--preserve-rowids? ?LIKE-PATTERN?\n");
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }else{
        zLike = azArg[i];
      }
    }
    open_db(p, 0);
    /* When playing back a "dump", the content might appear in an order
    ** which causes immediate foreign key constraints to be violated.
    ** So disable foreign-key constraint enforcement to prevent problems. */





    raw_printf(p->out, "PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;\n");
    raw_printf(p->out, "BEGIN TRANSACTION;\n");
    p->writableSchema = 0;
    /* Set writable_schema=ON since doing so forces SQLite to initialize
    ** as much of the schema as it can even if the sqlite_master table is
    ** corrupt. */
    sqlite3_exec(p->db, "SAVEPOINT dump; PRAGMA writable_schema=ON", 0, 0, 0);
    p->nErr = 0;
    if( zLike==0 ){
      run_schema_dump_query(p,
        "SELECT name, type, sql FROM sqlite_master "
        "WHERE sql NOT NULL AND type=='table' AND name!='sqlite_sequence'"
      );
      run_schema_dump_query(p,
        "SELECT name, type, sql FROM sqlite_master "
        "WHERE name=='sqlite_sequence'"
      );
      run_table_dump_query(p,
        "SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master "
        "WHERE sql NOT NULL AND type IN ('index','trigger','view')", 0
      );
    }else{
      char *zSql;

      zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(

        "SELECT name, type, sql FROM sqlite_master "
        "WHERE tbl_name LIKE %Q AND type=='table'"
        "  AND sql NOT NULL", zLike);
      run_schema_dump_query(p,zSql);
      sqlite3_free(zSql);
      zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
        "SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master "
        "WHERE sql NOT NULL"
        "  AND type IN ('index','trigger','view')"
        "  AND tbl_name LIKE %Q", zLike);
      run_table_dump_query(p, zSql, 0);
      sqlite3_free(zSql);

    }
    if( p->writableSchema ){
      raw_printf(p->out, "PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF;\n");
      p->writableSchema = 0;
    }
    sqlite3_exec(p->db, "PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF;", 0, 0, 0);
    sqlite3_exec(p->db, "RELEASE dump;", 0, 0, 0);

                      ")";
        new_argv[1] = 0;
        new_colv[0] = "sql";
        new_colv[1] = 0;
        callback(&data, 1, new_argv, new_colv);
        rc = SQLITE_OK;
      }else{
        char *zSql;
        zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
          "SELECT sql FROM "
          "  (SELECT sql sql, type type, tbl_name tbl_name, name name, rowid x"
          "     FROM sqlite_master UNION ALL"
          "   SELECT sql, type, tbl_name, name, rowid FROM sqlite_temp_master) "
          "WHERE lower(tbl_name) LIKE %Q"
          "  AND type!='meta' AND sql NOTNULL "
          "ORDER BY rowid", azArg[1]);
        rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, zSql, callback, &data, &zErrMsg);
        sqlite3_free(zSql);
      }
    }else if( nArg==1 ){
      rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db,
         "SELECT sql FROM "
         "  (SELECT sql sql, type type, tbl_name tbl_name, name name, rowid x"
         "     FROM sqlite_master UNION ALL"
         "   SELECT sql, type, tbl_name, name, rowid FROM sqlite_temp_master) "

                       "%.*s", (int)ArraySize(p->colSeparator)-1, azArg[1]);
    }
    if( nArg>=3 ){
      sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->rowSeparator), p->rowSeparator,
                       "%.*s", (int)ArraySize(p->rowSeparator)-1, azArg[2]);
    }
  }else

  if( c=='s' && n>=4 && strncmp(azArg[0],"sha3sum",n)==0 ){
    const char *zLike = 0;   /* Which table to checksum. 0 means everything */
    int i;                   /* Loop counter */
    int bSchema = 0;         /* Also hash the schema */
    int bSeparate = 0;       /* Hash each table separately */
    int iSize = 224;         /* Hash algorithm to use */
    int bDebug = 0;          /* Only show the query that would have run */
    sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;     /* For querying tables names */
    char *zSql;              /* SQL to be run */
    char *zSep;              /* Separator */
    ShellText sSql;          /* Complete SQL for the query to run the hash */
    ShellText sQuery;        /* Set of queries used to read all content */
    open_db(p, 0);
    for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
      const char *z = azArg[i];
      if( z[0]=='-' ){
        z++;
        if( z[0]=='-' ) z++;
        if( strcmp(z,"schema")==0 ){
          bSchema = 1;
        }else
        if( strcmp(z,"sha3-224")==0 || strcmp(z,"sha3-256")==0 
         || strcmp(z,"sha3-384")==0 || strcmp(z,"sha3-512")==0 
        ){
          iSize = atoi(&z[5]);
        }else
        if( strcmp(z,"debug")==0 ){
          bDebug = 1;
        }else
        {
          utf8_printf(stderr, "Unknown option \"%s\" on \"%s\"\n",
                      azArg[i], azArg[0]);
          raw_printf(stderr, "Should be one of: --schema"
                             " --sha3-224 --sha3-255 --sha3-384 --sha3-512\n");
          rc = 1;
          goto meta_command_exit;
        }
      }else if( zLike ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .sha3sum ?OPTIONS? ?LIKE-PATTERN?\n");
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }else{
        zLike = z;
        bSeparate = 1;
        if( sqlite3_strlike("sqlite_%", zLike, 0)==0 ) bSchema = 1;
      }
    }
    if( bSchema ){
      zSql = "SELECT lower(name) FROM sqlite_master"
             " WHERE type='table' AND coalesce(rootpage,0)>1"
             " UNION ALL SELECT 'sqlite_master'"
             " ORDER BY 1 collate nocase";
    }else{
      zSql = "SELECT lower(name) FROM sqlite_master"
             " WHERE type='table' AND coalesce(rootpage,0)>1"
             " AND name NOT LIKE 'sqlite_%'"
             " ORDER BY 1 collate nocase";
    }
    sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
    initText(&sQuery);
    initText(&sSql);
    appendText(&sSql, "WITH [sha3sum$query](a,b) AS(",0);
    zSep = "VALUES(";
    while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
      const char *zTab = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0);
      if( zLike && sqlite3_strlike(zLike, zTab, 0)!=0 ) continue;
      if( strncmp(zTab, "sqlite_",7)!=0 ){
        appendText(&sQuery,"SELECT * FROM ", 0);
        appendText(&sQuery,zTab,'"');
        appendText(&sQuery," NOT INDEXED;", 0);
      }else if( strcmp(zTab, "sqlite_master")==0 ){
        appendText(&sQuery,"SELECT type,name,tbl_name,sql FROM sqlite_master"
                           " ORDER BY name;", 0);
      }else if( strcmp(zTab, "sqlite_sequence")==0 ){
        appendText(&sQuery,"SELECT name,seq FROM sqlite_sequence"
                           " ORDER BY name;", 0);
      }else if( strcmp(zTab, "sqlite_stat1")==0 ){
        appendText(&sQuery,"SELECT tbl,idx,stat FROM sqlite_stat1"
                           " ORDER BY tbl,idx;", 0);
      }else if( strcmp(zTab, "sqlite_stat3")==0
             || strcmp(zTab, "sqlite_stat4")==0 ){
        appendText(&sQuery, "SELECT * FROM ", 0);
        appendText(&sQuery, zTab, 0);
        appendText(&sQuery, " ORDER BY tbl, idx, rowid;\n", 0);
      }
      appendText(&sSql, zSep, 0);
      appendText(&sSql, sQuery.z, '\'');
      sQuery.n = 0;
      appendText(&sSql, ",", 0);
      appendText(&sSql, zTab, '\'');
      zSep = "),(";
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    if( bSeparate ){
      zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
          "%s))"
          " SELECT lower(hex(sha3_query(a,%d))) AS hash, b AS label"
          "   FROM [sha3sum$query]",
          sSql.z, iSize);
    }else{
      zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
          "%s))"
          " SELECT lower(hex(sha3_query(group_concat(a,''),%d))) AS hash"
          "   FROM [sha3sum$query]",
          sSql.z, iSize);
    }
    freeText(&sQuery);
    freeText(&sSql);
    if( bDebug ){
      utf8_printf(p->out, "%s\n", zSql);
    }else{
      shell_exec(p->db, zSql, shell_callback, p, 0);
    }
    sqlite3_free(zSql);
  }else

  if( c=='s'
   && (strncmp(azArg[0], "shell", n)==0 || strncmp(azArg[0],"system",n)==0)
  ){
    char *zCmd;
    int i, x;
    if( nArg<2 ){

** passed in.  An SQLITE_ status code is returned.  If an error occurs
** then an and attempt is made to write an error message into 
** memory obtained from sqlite3_malloc() and to make *pzErrMsg point to that
** error message.
*/
int sqlite3RunParser(Parse *pParse, const char *zSql, char **pzErrMsg){
  int nErr = 0;                   /* Number of errors encountered */

  void *pEngine;                  /* The LEMON-generated LALR(1) parser */
  int n = 0;                      /* Length of the next token token */
  int tokenType;                  /* type of the next token */
  int lastTokenParsed = -1;       /* type of the previous token */
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;       /* The database connection */
  int mxSqlLen;                   /* Max length of an SQL string */
#ifdef sqlite3Parser_ENGINEALWAYSONSTACK
  unsigned char zSpace[sizeof(yyParser)];  /* Space for parser engine object */
#endif

  assert( zSql!=0 );
  mxSqlLen = db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH];
  if( db->nVdbeActive==0 ){
    db->u1.isInterrupted = 0;
  }
  pParse->rc = SQLITE_OK;
  pParse->zTail = zSql;

  assert( pzErrMsg!=0 );
  /* sqlite3ParserTrace(stdout, "parser: "); */
#ifdef sqlite3Parser_ENGINEALWAYSONSTACK
  pEngine = zSpace;
  sqlite3ParserInit(pEngine);
#else
  pEngine = sqlite3ParserAlloc(sqlite3Malloc);
  if( pEngine==0 ){
    sqlite3OomFault(db);
    return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
  }
#endif
  assert( pParse->pNewTable==0 );
  assert( pParse->pNewTrigger==0 );
  assert( pParse->nVar==0 );
  assert( pParse->pVList==0 );
  while( 1 ){

    if( zSql[0]!=0 ){

      n = sqlite3GetToken((u8*)zSql, &tokenType);

      mxSqlLen -= n;
      if( mxSqlLen<0 ){
        pParse->rc = SQLITE_TOOBIG;
        break;
      }
    }else{
      /* Upon reaching the end of input, call the parser two more times
      ** with tokens TK_SEMI and 0, in that order. */
      if( lastTokenParsed==TK_SEMI ){
        tokenType = 0;
      }else if( lastTokenParsed==0 ){
        break;
      }else{
        tokenType = TK_SEMI;
      }
      zSql -= n;
    }
    if( tokenType>=TK_SPACE ){
      assert( tokenType==TK_SPACE || tokenType==TK_ILLEGAL );
      if( db->u1.isInterrupted ){
        pParse->rc = SQLITE_INTERRUPT;
        break;
      }
      if( tokenType==TK_ILLEGAL ){
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "unrecognized token: \"%.*s\"", n, zSql);

        break;
      }
      zSql += n;
    }else{
      pParse->sLastToken.z = zSql;
      pParse->sLastToken.n = n;
      sqlite3Parser(pEngine, tokenType, pParse->sLastToken, pParse);
      lastTokenParsed = tokenType;
      zSql += n;
      if( pParse->rc!=SQLITE_OK || db->mallocFailed ) break;
    }
  }
  assert( nErr==0 );
  pParse->zTail = zSql;
#ifdef YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH
  sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3MallocMutex());
  sqlite3StatusHighwater(SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK,
      sqlite3ParserStackPeak(pEngine)
  );
  sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3MallocMutex());
#endif /* YYDEBUG */

** is invoked before visiting children.)
**
** The return value from the callback should be one of the WRC_*
** constants to specify how to proceed with the walk.
**
**    WRC_Continue      Continue descending down the tree.
**
**    WRC_Prune         Do not descend into child nodes, but allow
**                      the walk to continue with sibling nodes.
**
**    WRC_Abort         Do no more callbacks.  Unwind the stack and
**                      return from the top-level walk call.
**
** The return value from this routine is WRC_Abort to abandon the tree walk
** and WRC_Continue to continue.
*/
static SQLITE_NOINLINE int walkExpr(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
  int rc;
  testcase( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_TokenOnly) );

  set res [catchcmd "test.db" ".dump FOO"]
  list [regexp {BEGIN TRANSACTION;} $res] \
       [regexp {COMMIT;} $res]
} {1 1}
do_test shell1-3.4.3 {
  # too many arguments
  catchcmd "test.db" ".dump FOO BAD"
} {1 {Usage: .dump ?--preserve-rowids? ?LIKE-PATTERN?}}

# .echo ON|OFF           Turn command echo on or off
do_test shell1-3.5.1 {
  catchcmd "test.db" ".echo"
} {1 {Usage: .echo on|off}}
do_test shell1-3.5.2 {
  catchcmd "test.db" ".echo ON"

    INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(1,null), (2,''), (3,1),
                         (4,2.25), (5,'hello'), (6,x'807f');
  }
  catchcmd test.db {.dump}
} {0 {PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
CREATE TABLE t1(x);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(NULL);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('');
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2.25);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('hello');
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(X'807f');
CREATE TABLE t3(x,y);
INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(1,NULL);
INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(2,'');
INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(3,1);
INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(4,2.25);
INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(5,'hello');
INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(6,X'807f');
COMMIT;}}

# The --preserve-rowids option to .dump
#
do_test shell1-4.1.1 {
  catchcmd test.db {.dump --preserve-rowids}
} {0 {PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
CREATE TABLE t1(x);
INSERT INTO t1(rowid,x) VALUES(1,NULL);
INSERT INTO t1(rowid,x) VALUES(2,'');
INSERT INTO t1(rowid,x) VALUES(3,1);
INSERT INTO t1(rowid,x) VALUES(4,2.25);
INSERT INTO t1(rowid,x) VALUES(5,'hello');
INSERT INTO t1(rowid,x) VALUES(6,X'807f');
CREATE TABLE t3(x,y);
INSERT INTO t3(rowid,x,y) VALUES(1,1,NULL);
INSERT INTO t3(rowid,x,y) VALUES(2,2,'');
INSERT INTO t3(rowid,x,y) VALUES(3,3,1);
INSERT INTO t3(rowid,x,y) VALUES(4,4,2.25);
INSERT INTO t3(rowid,x,y) VALUES(5,5,'hello');
INSERT INTO t3(rowid,x,y) VALUES(6,6,X'807f');
COMMIT;}}

# If the table contains an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, do not record a separate
# rowid column in the output.
#
do_test shell1-4.1.2 {
  db close
  forcedelete test2.db
  sqlite3 db test2.db
  db eval {
    CREATE TABLE t1(x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,null), (2,''), (3,1),
                         (4,2.25), (5,'hello'), (6,x'807f');
  }
  catchcmd test2.db {.dump --preserve-rowids}
} {0 {PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
CREATE TABLE t1(x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,NULL);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2,'');
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(3,1);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(4,2.25);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(5,'hello');
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(6,X'807f');
COMMIT;}}

# Verify that the table named [table] is correctly quoted and that
# an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY DESC is not an alias for the rowid.
#
do_test shell1-4.1.3 {
  db close
  forcedelete test2.db
  sqlite3 db test2.db
  db eval {
    CREATE TABLE [table](x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY DESC, y);
    INSERT INTO [table] VALUES(1,null), (12,''), (23,1),
                         (34,2.25), (45,'hello'), (56,x'807f');
  }
  catchcmd test2.db {.dump --preserve-rowids}
} {0 {PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
CREATE TABLE [table](x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY DESC, y);
INSERT INTO "table"(rowid,x,y) VALUES(1,1,NULL);
INSERT INTO "table"(rowid,x,y) VALUES(2,12,'');
INSERT INTO "table"(rowid,x,y) VALUES(3,23,1);
INSERT INTO "table"(rowid,x,y) VALUES(4,34,2.25);
INSERT INTO "table"(rowid,x,y) VALUES(5,45,'hello');
INSERT INTO "table"(rowid,x,y) VALUES(6,56,X'807f');
COMMIT;}}

# Do not record rowids for a WITHOUT ROWID table.  Also check correct quoting
# of table names that contain odd characters.
#
do_test shell1-4.1.4 {
  db close
  forcedelete test2.db
  sqlite3 db test2.db
  db eval {
    CREATE TABLE [ta<>ble](x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y) WITHOUT ROWID;
    INSERT INTO [ta<>ble] VALUES(1,null), (12,''), (23,1),
                         (34,2.25), (45,'hello'), (56,x'807f');
  }
  catchcmd test2.db {.dump --preserve-rowids}
} {0 {PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
CREATE TABLE [ta<>ble](x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y) WITHOUT ROWID;
INSERT INTO "ta<>ble" VALUES(1,NULL);
INSERT INTO "ta<>ble" VALUES(12,'');
INSERT INTO "ta<>ble" VALUES(23,1);
INSERT INTO "ta<>ble" VALUES(34,2.25);
INSERT INTO "ta<>ble" VALUES(45,'hello');
INSERT INTO "ta<>ble" VALUES(56,X'807f');
COMMIT;}}

# Do not record rowids if the rowid is inaccessible
#
do_test shell1-4.1.5 {
  db close
  forcedelete test2.db
  sqlite3 db test2.db
  db eval {
    CREATE TABLE t1(_ROWID_,rowid,oid);
    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,null,'alpha'), (12,'',99), (23,1,x'b0b1b2');
  }
  catchcmd test2.db {.dump --preserve-rowids}
} {0 {PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
CREATE TABLE t1(_ROWID_,rowid,oid);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,NULL,'alpha');
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(12,'',99);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(23,1,X'b0b1b2');
COMMIT;}}

# Test the output of ".mode insert"
#
do_test shell1-4.2.1 {
  catchcmd test.db ".mode insert t1\nselect * from t1;"
} {0 {INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(NULL);