** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
**
**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** $Id: btree.c,v 1.620 2009/06/08 14:49:46 danielk1977 Exp $
**
** This file implements a external (disk-based) database using BTrees.
** See the header comment on "btreeInt.h" for additional information.
** Including a description of file format and an overview of operation.
*/
#include "btreeInt.h"

................................................................................
      memcpy(pTemp+nSkip, pCell+nSkip, sz-nSkip);
      pCell = pTemp;
    }
    j = pPage->nOverflow++;
    assert( j<(int)(sizeof(pPage->aOvfl)/sizeof(pPage->aOvfl[0])) );
    pPage->aOvfl[j].pCell = pCell;
    pPage->aOvfl[j].idx = (u16)i;
    pPage->nFree = 0;
  }else{
    int rc = sqlite3PagerWrite(pPage->pDbPage);
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
      return rc;
    }
    assert( sqlite3PagerIswriteable(pPage->pDbPage) );
    data = pPage->aData;
................................................................................
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        rc = ptrmapPutOvfl(pNew, 0);
      }
    }

    /* Release the reference to the new page. */
    releasePage(pNew);

    /* At this point the pPage->nFree variable is not set correctly with
    ** respect to the content of the page (because it was set to 0 by 
    ** insertCell). So call sqlite3BtreeInitPage() to make sure it is
    ** correct.
    **
    ** This has to be done even if an error will be returned. Normally, if
    ** an error occurs during tree balancing, the contents of MemPage are
    ** not important, as they will be recalculated when the page is rolled
    ** back. But here, in balance_quick(), it is possible that pPage has 
    ** not yet been marked dirty or written into the journal file. Therefore
    ** it will not be rolled back and so it is important to make sure that
    ** the page data and contents of MemPage are consistent.
    */
    pPage->isInit = 0;
    sqlite3BtreeInitPage(pPage);
    assert( pPage->nOverflow==0 );
  }

  return rc;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_QUICKBALANCE */

/*
................................................................................
** make sure all Cells for pPage once again fit in pPage->aData[].
**
** In the course of balancing the siblings of pPage, the parent of pPage
** might become overfull or underfull.  If that happens, then this routine
** is called recursively on the parent.
**
** If this routine fails for any reason, it might leave the database
** in a corrupted state.  So if this routine fails, the database should
** be rolled back.
*/
static int balance_nonroot(MemPage *pParent, int iParentIdx, u8 *aSpace2){
  BtShared *pBt;               /* The whole database */
  int nCell = 0;               /* Number of cells in apCell[] */
  int nMaxCells = 0;           /* Allocated size of apCell, szCell, aFrom. */
  int nOld = 0;                /* Number of pages in apOld[] */
  int nNew = 0;                /* Number of pages in apNew[] */
  int i, j, k;                 /* Loop counters */
  int nxDiv;                   /* Next divider slot in pParent->aCell[] */
................................................................................
  int rc;                      /* The return code */
  int leafCorrection;          /* 4 if pPage is a leaf.  0 if not */
  int leafData;                /* True if pPage is a leaf of a LEAFDATA tree */
  int usableSpace;             /* Bytes in pPage beyond the header */
  int pageFlags;               /* Value of pPage->aData[0] */
  int subtotal;                /* Subtotal of bytes in cells on one page */
  int iSpace1 = 0;             /* First unused byte of aSpace1[] */
  int iSpace2 = 0;             /* First unused byte of aSpace2[] */
  int szScratch;               /* Size of scratch memory requested */
  MemPage *apOld[NB];          /* pPage and up to two siblings */
  Pgno pgnoOld[NB];            /* Page numbers for each page in apOld[] */
  MemPage *apCopy[NB];         /* Private copies of apOld[] pages */
  MemPage *apNew[NB+2];        /* pPage and up to NB siblings after balancing */
  Pgno pgnoNew[NB+2];          /* Page numbers for each page in apNew[] */
  u8 *apDiv[NB];               /* Divider cells in pParent */
................................................................................
  szScratch =
       nMaxCells*sizeof(u8*)                       /* apCell */
     + nMaxCells*sizeof(u16)                       /* szCell */
     + (ROUND8(sizeof(MemPage))+pBt->pageSize)*NB  /* aCopy */
     + pBt->pageSize                               /* aSpace1 */
     + (ISAUTOVACUUM ? nMaxCells : 0);             /* aFrom */
  apCell = sqlite3ScratchMalloc( szScratch ); 
  if( apCell==0 ){
    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
    goto balance_cleanup;
  }
  szCell = (u16*)&apCell[nMaxCells];
  aCopy[0] = (u8*)&szCell[nMaxCells];
  assert( EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(aCopy[0]) );
  for(i=1; i<NB; i++){
................................................................................
    assert( ((aCopy[i] - (u8*)0) & 7)==0 ); /* 8-byte alignment required */
  }
  aSpace1 = &aCopy[NB-1][pBt->pageSize+ROUND8(sizeof(MemPage))];
  assert( EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(aSpace1) );
  if( ISAUTOVACUUM ){
    aFrom = &aSpace1[pBt->pageSize];
  }
  /* aSpace2 = sqlite3PageMalloc(pBt->pageSize); */
  if( aSpace2==0 ){
    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
    goto balance_cleanup;
  }
  
  /*
  ** Make copies of the content of pPage and its siblings into aOld[].
  ** The rest of this function will use data from the copies rather
  ** that the original pages since the original pages will be in the
  ** process of being overwritten.
  */
................................................................................
      u8 *pCell;
      u8 *pTemp;
      int sz;

      assert( j<nMaxCells );
      pCell = apCell[j];
      sz = szCell[j] + leafCorrection;
      pTemp = &aSpace2[iSpace2];
      if( !pNew->leaf ){
        memcpy(&pNew->aData[8], pCell, 4);
        if( ISAUTOVACUUM 
         && (aFrom[j]==0xFF || apCopy[aFrom[j]]->pgno!=pNew->pgno)
        ){
          rc = ptrmapPut(pBt, get4byte(pCell), PTRMAP_BTREE, pNew->pgno);
          if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
................................................................................
        ** to evaluate "IN (SELECT ...)" and similar clauses.
        */
        if( szCell[j]==4 ){
          assert(leafCorrection==4);
          sz = cellSizePtr(pParent, pCell);
        }
      }
      iSpace2 += sz;
      assert( sz<=pBt->pageSize/4 );
      assert( iSpace2<=pBt->pageSize );
      rc = insertCell(pParent, nxDiv, pCell, sz, pTemp, 4);
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto balance_cleanup;
      assert( sqlite3PagerIswriteable(pParent->pDbPage) );
      put4byte(findOverflowCell(pParent,nxDiv), pNew->pgno);

      /* If this is an auto-vacuum database, and not a leaf-data tree,
      ** then update the pointer map with an entry for the overflow page
................................................................................

/*
** This routine is called on the root page of a btree when the root
** page contains no cells. This is an opportunity to make the tree
** shallower by one level.
*/
static int balance_shallower(MemPage *pRoot){

  /* The root page is empty but has one child.  Transfer the
  ** information from that one child into the root page if it 
  ** will fit.  This reduces the depth of the tree by one.
  **
  ** If the root page is page 1, it has less space available than
  ** its child (due to the 100 byte header that occurs at the beginning
  ** of the database fle), so it might not be able to hold all of the 
................................................................................
  assert( pgnoChild<=pagerPagecount(pRoot->pBt) );
  assert( hdr==0 || pRoot->pgno==1 );
  
  rc = sqlite3BtreeGetPage(pRoot->pBt, pgnoChild, &pChild, 0);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    if( pChild->nFree>=hdr ){
      if( hdr ){
            rc = defragmentPage(pChild);
      }
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        rc = copyNodeContent(pChild, pRoot);
      }
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        rc = freePage(pChild);
      }
................................................................................
  assert( pChild->nCell==pRoot->nCell );

  TRACE(("BALANCE: copy root %d into %d\n", pRoot->pgno, pChild->pgno));

  /* Copy the overflow cells from pRoot to pChild */
  memcpy(pChild->aOvfl, pRoot->aOvfl, pRoot->nOverflow*sizeof(pRoot->aOvfl[0]));
  pChild->nOverflow = pRoot->nOverflow;
  pChild->nFree = 0;

  /* Zero the contents of pRoot. Then install pChild as the right-child. */
  zeroPage(pRoot, pChild->aData[0] & ~PTF_LEAF);
  put4byte(&pRoot->aData[pRoot->hdrOffset+8], pgnoChild);

  *ppChild = pChild;
  return SQLITE_OK;

** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
**
**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** $Id: btree.c,v 1.621 2009/06/09 09:41:00 danielk1977 Exp $
**
** This file implements a external (disk-based) database using BTrees.
** See the header comment on "btreeInt.h" for additional information.
** Including a description of file format and an overview of operation.
*/
#include "btreeInt.h"

................................................................................
      memcpy(pTemp+nSkip, pCell+nSkip, sz-nSkip);
      pCell = pTemp;
    }
    j = pPage->nOverflow++;
    assert( j<(int)(sizeof(pPage->aOvfl)/sizeof(pPage->aOvfl[0])) );
    pPage->aOvfl[j].pCell = pCell;
    pPage->aOvfl[j].idx = (u16)i;

  }else{
    int rc = sqlite3PagerWrite(pPage->pDbPage);
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
      return rc;
    }
    assert( sqlite3PagerIswriteable(pPage->pDbPage) );
    data = pPage->aData;
................................................................................
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        rc = ptrmapPutOvfl(pNew, 0);
      }
    }

    /* Release the reference to the new page. */
    releasePage(pNew);

















  }

  return rc;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_QUICKBALANCE */

/*
................................................................................
** make sure all Cells for pPage once again fit in pPage->aData[].
**
** In the course of balancing the siblings of pPage, the parent of pPage
** might become overfull or underfull.  If that happens, then this routine
** is called recursively on the parent.
**
** If this routine fails for any reason, it might leave the database
** in a corrupted state. So if this routine fails, the database should
** be rolled back.
*/
static int balance_nonroot(MemPage *pParent, int iParentIdx, u8 *aOvflSpace){
  BtShared *pBt;               /* The whole database */
  int nCell = 0;               /* Number of cells in apCell[] */
  int nMaxCells = 0;           /* Allocated size of apCell, szCell, aFrom. */
  int nOld = 0;                /* Number of pages in apOld[] */
  int nNew = 0;                /* Number of pages in apNew[] */
  int i, j, k;                 /* Loop counters */
  int nxDiv;                   /* Next divider slot in pParent->aCell[] */
................................................................................
  int rc;                      /* The return code */
  int leafCorrection;          /* 4 if pPage is a leaf.  0 if not */
  int leafData;                /* True if pPage is a leaf of a LEAFDATA tree */
  int usableSpace;             /* Bytes in pPage beyond the header */
  int pageFlags;               /* Value of pPage->aData[0] */
  int subtotal;                /* Subtotal of bytes in cells on one page */
  int iSpace1 = 0;             /* First unused byte of aSpace1[] */
  int iOvflSpace = 0;          /* First unused byte of aOvflSpace[] */
  int szScratch;               /* Size of scratch memory requested */
  MemPage *apOld[NB];          /* pPage and up to two siblings */
  Pgno pgnoOld[NB];            /* Page numbers for each page in apOld[] */
  MemPage *apCopy[NB];         /* Private copies of apOld[] pages */
  MemPage *apNew[NB+2];        /* pPage and up to NB siblings after balancing */
  Pgno pgnoNew[NB+2];          /* Page numbers for each page in apNew[] */
  u8 *apDiv[NB];               /* Divider cells in pParent */
................................................................................
  szScratch =
       nMaxCells*sizeof(u8*)                       /* apCell */
     + nMaxCells*sizeof(u16)                       /* szCell */
     + (ROUND8(sizeof(MemPage))+pBt->pageSize)*NB  /* aCopy */
     + pBt->pageSize                               /* aSpace1 */
     + (ISAUTOVACUUM ? nMaxCells : 0);             /* aFrom */
  apCell = sqlite3ScratchMalloc( szScratch ); 
  if( apCell==0 || aOvflSpace==0 ){
    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
    goto balance_cleanup;
  }
  szCell = (u16*)&apCell[nMaxCells];
  aCopy[0] = (u8*)&szCell[nMaxCells];
  assert( EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(aCopy[0]) );
  for(i=1; i<NB; i++){
................................................................................
    assert( ((aCopy[i] - (u8*)0) & 7)==0 ); /* 8-byte alignment required */
  }
  aSpace1 = &aCopy[NB-1][pBt->pageSize+ROUND8(sizeof(MemPage))];
  assert( EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(aSpace1) );
  if( ISAUTOVACUUM ){
    aFrom = &aSpace1[pBt->pageSize];
  }





  
  /*
  ** Make copies of the content of pPage and its siblings into aOld[].
  ** The rest of this function will use data from the copies rather
  ** that the original pages since the original pages will be in the
  ** process of being overwritten.
  */
................................................................................
      u8 *pCell;
      u8 *pTemp;
      int sz;

      assert( j<nMaxCells );
      pCell = apCell[j];
      sz = szCell[j] + leafCorrection;
      pTemp = &aOvflSpace[iOvflSpace];
      if( !pNew->leaf ){
        memcpy(&pNew->aData[8], pCell, 4);
        if( ISAUTOVACUUM 
         && (aFrom[j]==0xFF || apCopy[aFrom[j]]->pgno!=pNew->pgno)
        ){
          rc = ptrmapPut(pBt, get4byte(pCell), PTRMAP_BTREE, pNew->pgno);
          if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
................................................................................
        ** to evaluate "IN (SELECT ...)" and similar clauses.
        */
        if( szCell[j]==4 ){
          assert(leafCorrection==4);
          sz = cellSizePtr(pParent, pCell);
        }
      }
      iOvflSpace += sz;
      assert( sz<=pBt->pageSize/4 );
      assert( iOvflSpace<=pBt->pageSize );
      rc = insertCell(pParent, nxDiv, pCell, sz, pTemp, 4);
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto balance_cleanup;
      assert( sqlite3PagerIswriteable(pParent->pDbPage) );
      put4byte(findOverflowCell(pParent,nxDiv), pNew->pgno);

      /* If this is an auto-vacuum database, and not a leaf-data tree,
      ** then update the pointer map with an entry for the overflow page
................................................................................

/*
** This routine is called on the root page of a btree when the root
** page contains no cells. This is an opportunity to make the tree
** shallower by one level.
*/
static int balance_shallower(MemPage *pRoot){

  /* The root page is empty but has one child.  Transfer the
  ** information from that one child into the root page if it 
  ** will fit.  This reduces the depth of the tree by one.
  **
  ** If the root page is page 1, it has less space available than
  ** its child (due to the 100 byte header that occurs at the beginning
  ** of the database fle), so it might not be able to hold all of the 
................................................................................
  assert( pgnoChild<=pagerPagecount(pRoot->pBt) );
  assert( hdr==0 || pRoot->pgno==1 );
  
  rc = sqlite3BtreeGetPage(pRoot->pBt, pgnoChild, &pChild, 0);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    if( pChild->nFree>=hdr ){
      if( hdr ){
        rc = defragmentPage(pChild);
      }
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        rc = copyNodeContent(pChild, pRoot);
      }
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        rc = freePage(pChild);
      }
................................................................................
  assert( pChild->nCell==pRoot->nCell );

  TRACE(("BALANCE: copy root %d into %d\n", pRoot->pgno, pChild->pgno));

  /* Copy the overflow cells from pRoot to pChild */
  memcpy(pChild->aOvfl, pRoot->aOvfl, pRoot->nOverflow*sizeof(pRoot->aOvfl[0]));
  pChild->nOverflow = pRoot->nOverflow;


  /* Zero the contents of pRoot. Then install pChild as the right-child. */
  zeroPage(pRoot, pChild->aData[0] & ~PTF_LEAF);
  put4byte(&pRoot->aData[pRoot->hdrOffset+8], pgnoChild);

  *ppChild = pChild;
  return SQLITE_OK;