SQLite

  char *out = sqlite3DbMallocRaw(sqlite3VdbeDb(v), 8);
  if( out ){
    memcpy(out, in, 8);
  }
  return out;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
/*
** Generate an instruction that will put the floating point
** value described by z[0..n-1] into register iMem.
**
** The z[] string will probably not be zero-terminated.  But the 
** z[n] character is guaranteed to be something that does not look
** like the continuation of the number.
*/
static void codeReal(Vdbe *v, const char *z, int negateFlag, int iMem){
  if( ALWAYS(z!=0) ){
    double value;
    char *zV;
    sqlite3AtoF(z, &value);
    assert( !sqlite3IsNaN(value) ); /* The new AtoF never returns NaN */
    if( negateFlag ) value = -value;
    zV = dup8bytes(v, (char*)&value);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Real, 0, iMem, 0, zV, P4_REAL);
  }
}
#endif


/*
** Generate an instruction that will put the integer describe by
** text z[0..n-1] into register iMem.
**
** The z[] string will probably not be zero-terminated.  But the 
** z[n] character is guaranteed to be something that does not look
** like the continuation of the number.
*/
static void codeInteger(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int negFlag, int iMem){
  Vdbe *v = pParse->pVdbe;
  if( pExpr->flags & EP_IntValue ){
    int i = pExpr->u.iValue;
    if( negFlag ) i = -i;
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, i, iMem);
  }else{
    const char *z = pExpr->u.zToken;
    assert( z!=0 );
    if( sqlite3FitsIn64Bits(z, negFlag) ){
      i64 value;
      char *zV;
      sqlite3Atoi64(z, &value);
      if( negFlag ) value = -value;
      zV = dup8bytes(v, (char*)&value);
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Int64, 0, iMem, 0, zV, P4_INT64);
    }else{
#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "oversized integer: %s%s", negFlag ? "-" : "", z);
#else
      codeReal(v, z, negFlag, iMem);
#endif
    }
  }
}

/*
** Clear a cache entry.
*/

      }else{
        inReg = sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumn(pParse, pExpr->pTab,
                                 pExpr->iColumn, pExpr->iTable, target);
      }
      break;
    }
    case TK_INTEGER: {
      codeInteger(pParse, pExpr, 0, target);
      break;
    }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
    case TK_FLOAT: {
      assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_IntValue) );
      codeReal(v, pExpr->u.zToken, 0, target);
      break;
    }
#endif
    case TK_STRING: {
      assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_IntValue) );
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, target, 0, pExpr->u.zToken, 0);
      break;
    }
    case TK_NULL: {
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, target);

      testcase( regFree1==0 );
      testcase( regFree2==0 );
      break;
    }
    case TK_UMINUS: {
      Expr *pLeft = pExpr->pLeft;
      assert( pLeft );
      if( pLeft->op==TK_INTEGER ){
        codeInteger(pParse, pLeft, 1, target);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
      }else if( pLeft->op==TK_FLOAT ){
        assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_IntValue) );
        codeReal(v, pLeft->u.zToken, 1, target);


#endif
      }else{
        regFree1 = r1 = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, r1);
        r2 = sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(pParse, pExpr->pLeft, &regFree2);
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Subtract, r2, r1, target);
        testcase( regFree2==0 );
      }

*/
case OP_Int64: {           /* out2-prerelease */
  assert( pOp->p4.pI64!=0 );
  pOut->u.i = *pOp->p4.pI64;
  break;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
/* Opcode: Real * P2 * P4 *
**
** P4 is a pointer to a 64-bit floating point value.
** Write that value into register P2.
*/
case OP_Real: {            /* same as TK_FLOAT, out2-prerelease */
  pOut->flags = MEM_Real;
  assert( !sqlite3IsNaN(*pOp->p4.pReal) );
  pOut->r = *pOp->p4.pReal;
  break;
}
#endif

/* Opcode: String8 * P2 * P4 *
**
** P4 points to a nul terminated UTF-8 string. This opcode is transformed 
** into an OP_String before it is executed for the first time.
*/
case OP_String8: {         /* same as TK_STRING, out2-prerelease */

    }
  }else{
    MemSetTypeFlag(pIn1, MEM_Int);
  }
  break;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
/* Opcode: RealAffinity P1 * * * *
**
** If register P1 holds an integer convert it to a real value.
**
** This opcode is used when extracting information from a column that
** has REAL affinity.  Such column values may still be stored as
** integers, for space efficiency, but after extraction we want them
** to have only a real value.
*/
case OP_RealAffinity: {                  /* in1 */
  pIn1 = &aMem[pOp->p1];
  if( pIn1->flags & MEM_Int ){
    sqlite3VdbeMemRealify(pIn1);
  }
  break;
}
#endif

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CAST
/* Opcode: ToText P1 * * * *
**
** Force the value in register P1 to be text.
** If the value is numeric, convert it to a string using the
** equivalent of printf().  Blob values are unchanged and

  pIn1 = &aMem[pOp->p1];
  if( (pIn1->flags & MEM_Null)==0 ){
    sqlite3VdbeMemIntegerify(pIn1);
  }
  break;
}

#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_CAST) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT)
/* Opcode: ToReal P1 * * * *
**
** Force the value in register P1 to be a floating point number.
** If The value is currently an integer, convert it.
** If the value is text or blob, try to convert it to an integer using the
** equivalent of atoi() and store 0.0 if no such conversion is possible.
**
** A NULL value is not changed by this routine.  It remains NULL.
*/
case OP_ToReal: {                  /* same as TK_TO_REAL, in1 */
  pIn1 = &aMem[pOp->p1];
  if( (pIn1->flags & MEM_Null)==0 ){
    sqlite3VdbeMemRealify(pIn1);
  }
  break;
}
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_CAST) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT) */

/* Opcode: Lt P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
**
** Compare the values in register P1 and P3.  If reg(P3)<reg(P1) then
** jump to address P2.  
**
** If the SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL bit of P5 is set and either reg(P1) or

/*
** The magic Explain opcode are only inserted when explain==2 (which
** is to say when the EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN syntax is used.)
** This opcode records information from the optimizer.  It is the
** the same as a no-op.  This opcodesnever appears in a real VM program.
*/
default: {          /* This is really OP_Noop and OP_Explain */
  assert( pOp->opcode==OP_Noop || pOp->opcode==OP_Explain );
  break;
}

/*****************************************************************************
** The cases of the switch statement above this line should all be indented
** by 6 spaces.  But the left-most 6 spaces have been removed to improve the
** readability.  From this point on down, the normal indentation rules are