** on how SQLite interfaces are suppose to operate.
**
** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
** part of the build process.
**
** @(#) $Id: sqlite.h.in,v 1.349 2008/06/22 08:58:50 mihailim Exp $
*/
#ifndef _SQLITE3_H_
#define _SQLITE3_H_
#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */

/*
** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
................................................................................

/*
** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection {F12010}
**
** This routine is the destructor for the [sqlite3] object.
**
** Applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all [prepared statements]
** and [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [sqlite3_blob | BLOBs] associated with
** the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.
** The [sqlite3_next_stmt()] interface can be used to locate all
** [prepared statements] associated with a [database connection] if desired.
** Typical code might look like this:
**
** <blockquote><pre>
** sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
................................................................................
** has been opened.  It is intended that this variable be set once
** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
** routines have been call and remain unchanged thereafter.
*/
SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;

/*
** CAPI3REF:  Test To See If The Database Is In Auto-Commit Mode {F12930}

**
** The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
** respectively.   Autocommit mode is on by default.
** Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
** Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
**
................................................................................
** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.
**
** Shared cache is disabled by default. But this might change in
** future releases of SQLite.  Applications that care about shared
** cache setting should set it explicitly.
**
** INVARIANTS:
** 
** {F10331} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(B)]
**          will enable or disable shared cache mode for any subsequently
**          created [database connection] in the same process.
**
** {F10336} When shared cache is enabled, the [sqlite3_create_module()]
**          interface will always return an error.
**
................................................................................
** cannot free sufficient memory to prevent the limit from being exceeded,
** the memory is allocated anyway and the current operation proceeds.
**
** A negative or zero value for N means that there is no soft heap limit and
** [sqlite3_release_memory()] will only be called when memory is exhausted.
** The default value for the soft heap limit is zero.
**
** SQLite makes a best effort to honor the soft heap limit.  
** But if the soft heap limit cannot be honored, execution will
** continue without error or notification.  This is why the limit is
** called a "soft" limit.  It is advisory only.
**
** Prior to SQLite version 3.5.0, this routine only constrained the memory
** allocated by a single thread - the same thread in which this routine
** runs.  Beginning with SQLite version 3.5.0, the soft heap limit is
................................................................................
** The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
** name of the desired column, respectively. Neither of these parameters
** may be NULL.
**
** Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
** and subsequent parameters to this function. Any of these arguments may be
** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.

** <blockquote>
** <table border="1">
** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
**
** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
................................................................................
/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object {F18000}
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module
**
** A module is a class of virtual tables.  Each module is defined
** by an instance of the following structure.  This structure consists
** mostly of methods for the module.



*/
struct sqlite3_module {
  int iVersion;
  int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
               int argc, const char *const*argv,
               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
  int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
................................................................................
**
** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used to
** pass information into and receive the reply from the xBestIndex
** method of an sqlite3_module.  The fields under **Inputs** are the
** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
** results into the **Outputs** fields.
**
** The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the
** form:
**
**         column OP expr
**
** Where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.  
** The particular operator is stored
** in aConstraint[].op.  The index of the column is stored in 
** aConstraint[].iColumn.  aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
** is usable) and false if it cannot.
**
** The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
................................................................................
** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
** sorting step is required.
**
** The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of doing the
** particular lookup.  A full scan of a table with N entries should have
** a cost of N.  A binary search of a table of N entries should have a
** cost of approximately log(N).



*/
struct sqlite3_index_info {
  /* Inputs */
  int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
  struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
     int iColumn;              /* Column on left-hand side of constraint */
     unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT    16
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE    32
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH 64

/*
** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation {F18200}
**
** This routine is used to register a new module name with an SQLite
** connection.  Module names must be registered before creating new
** virtual tables on the module, or before using preexisting virtual
** tables of the module.



*/
int sqlite3_create_module(
  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
  const sqlite3_module *,    /* Methods for the module */
  void *                     /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation {F18210}
**
** This routine is identical to the sqlite3_create_module() method above,
** except that it allows a destructor function to be specified. It is
** even more experimental than the rest of the virtual tables API.
*/
int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
  const sqlite3_module *,    /* Methods for the module */
................................................................................

/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object {F18010}
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
**
** Every module implementation uses a subclass of the following structure
** to describe a particular instance of the module.  Each subclass will
** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.   The
** purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are common
** to all module implementations.
**
** Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
** string obtained from sqlite3_mprintf() to zErrMsg.  The method should
** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to sqlite3_free()
** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  After the error message
** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.  Note
** that sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_free() are used on the zErrMsg field
** since virtual tables are commonly implemented in loadable extensions which
** do not have access to sqlite3MPrintf() or sqlite3Free().



*/
struct sqlite3_vtab {
  const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
  int nRef;                       /* Used internally */
  char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
};
................................................................................
** to describe cursors that point into the virtual table and are used
** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
** xOpen method of the module.  Each module implementation will define
** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
**
** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
** are common to all implementations.



*/
struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table {F18280}
**
** The xCreate and xConnect methods of a module use the following API
** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
** the virtual tables they implement.



*/
int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zCreateTable);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table {F18300}
**
** Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
................................................................................
** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
**
****** EXPERIMENTAL - subject to change without notice **************
*/

/*
** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB {F17800}

**
** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
** Objects of this type are created by
** [sqlite3_blob_open()] and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
** The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
** can be used to read or write small subsections of the blob.
** The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the
** blob in bytes.
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O {F17810}
**
** This interfaces opens a handle to the blob located
** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
** in other words,  the same blob that would be selected by:
**
** <pre>
**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE rowid = iRow;
** </pre> {END}
**
** If the flags parameter is non-zero, the blob is opened for 
** read and write access. If it is zero, the blob is opened for read 
** access.
**
** Note that the database name is not the filename that contains
** the database but rather the symbolic name of the database that
** is assigned when the database is connected using [ATTACH].
** For the main database file, the database name is "main".  For
** TEMP tables, the database name is "temp".
**
** On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new 
** [sqlite3_blob | blob handle] is written to *ppBlob. 
** Otherwise an error code is returned and 
** any value written to *ppBlob should not be used by the caller.
** This function sets the database-handle error code and message
** accessible via [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
** 
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17813} A successful invocation of the [sqlite3_blob_open(D,B,T,C,R,F,P)]
**          interface opens an [sqlite3_blob] object P on the blob
**          in column C of table T in database B on [database connection] D.
**
** {F17814} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_blob_open(D,...)] starts
**          a new transaction on [database connection] D if that connection
**          is not already in a transaction.
**
** {F17816} The [sqlite3_blob_open(D,B,T,C,R,F,P)] interface opens the blob
**          for read and write access if and only if the F parameter
**          is non-zero.
**
** {F17819} The [sqlite3_blob_open()] interface returns [SQLITE_OK] on 
**          success and an appropriate [error code] on failure.
**
** {F17821} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_open(D,...)]
**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
**          [sqlite3_errmsg(D)], and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)] will return
**          information appropriate for that error.
*/
................................................................................
  int flags,
  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
);

/*
** CAPI3REF:  Close A BLOB Handle {F17830}
**
** Close an open [sqlite3_blob | blob handle].
**
** Closing a BLOB shall cause the current transaction to commit
** if there are no other BLOBs, no pending prepared statements, and the
** database connection is in autocommit mode.
** If any writes were made to the BLOB, they might be held in cache
** until the close operation if they will fit. {END}

** Closing the BLOB often forces the changes
** out to disk and so if any I/O errors occur, they will likely occur
** at the time when the BLOB is closed.  {F17833} Any errors that occur during
** closing are reported as a non-zero return value.
**
** The BLOB is closed unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns
** an error code, the BLOB is still closed.
................................................................................
**          [sqlite3_blob] object P previously opened using
**          [sqlite3_blob_open()].
**
** {F17836} Closing an [sqlite3_blob] object using
**          [sqlite3_blob_close()] shall cause the current transaction to
**          commit if there are no other open [sqlite3_blob] objects
**          or [prepared statements] on the same [database connection] and
**          the [database connection] is in
**          [sqlite3_get_autocommit | autocommit mode].
**
** {F17839} The [sqlite3_blob_close(P)] interfaces closes the 
**          [sqlite3_blob] object P unconditionally, even if
**          [sqlite3_blob_close(P)] returns something other than [SQLITE_OK].
**          
*/
int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);

/*
** CAPI3REF:  Return The Size Of An Open BLOB {F17840}
**
** Return the size in bytes of the blob accessible via the open 
** [sqlite3_blob] object in its only argument.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17843} The [sqlite3_blob_bytes(P)] interface returns the size
**          in bytes of the BLOB that the [sqlite3_blob] object P
**          refers to.
*/
int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);

/*
** CAPI3REF:  Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally {F17850}
**
** This function is used to read data from an open 
** [sqlite3_blob | blob-handle] into a caller supplied buffer.
** N bytes of data are copied into buffer
** Z from the open blob, starting at offset iOffset.
**
** If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the blob, 
** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  If N or iOffset is
** less than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
**
** On success, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an 
** [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17853} The [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] interface reads N bytes
**          beginning at offset X from
**          the blob that [sqlite3_blob] object P refers to
**          and writes those N bytes into buffer Z.
**
** {F17856} In [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] if the size of the blob
**          is less than N+X bytes, then the function returns [SQLITE_ERROR]
**          and nothing is read from the blob.
**
** {F17859} In [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] if X or N is less than zero
**          then the function returns [SQLITE_ERROR]
**          and nothing is read from the blob.
**
** {F17862} The [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
**          if N bytes where successfully read into buffer Z.
**
** {F17865} If the requested read could not be completed,
**          the [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] interface returns an
**          appropriate [error code] or [extended error code].
**
** {F17868} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_read(P,...)]
**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
**          [sqlite3_errmsg(D)], and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)] will return
**          information appropriate for that error, where D is the
**          database handle that was used to open blob handle P.
*/
int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);

/*
** CAPI3REF:  Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally {F17870}
**
** This function is used to write data into an open 
** [sqlite3_blob | blob-handle] from a user supplied buffer.
** n bytes of data are copied from the buffer
** pointed to by z into the open blob, starting at offset iOffset.
**
** If the [sqlite3_blob | blob-handle] passed as the first argument
** was not opened for writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()]
*** was zero), this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
**
** This function may only modify the contents of the blob; it is
** not possible to increase the size of a blob using this API.
** If offset iOffset is less than n bytes from the end of the blob, 
** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.  If n is
** less than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
**
** On success, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an 
** [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17873} The [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface writes N bytes
**          from buffer Z into
**          the blob that [sqlite3_blob] object P refers to
**          beginning at an offset of X into the blob.
**
** {F17875} The [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface returns
**          [SQLITE_READONLY] if the [sqlite3_blob] object P was
**          [sqlite3_blob_open | opened] for reading only.
**
** {F17876} In [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] if the size of the blob
**          is less than N+X bytes, then the function returns [SQLITE_ERROR]
**          and nothing is written into the blob.
**
** {F17879} In [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] if X or N is less than zero
**          then the function returns [SQLITE_ERROR]
**          and nothing is written into the blob.
**
** {F17882} The [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
**          if N bytes where successfully written into blob.
**
** {F17885} If the requested write could not be completed,
**          the [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface returns an
**          appropriate [error code] or [extended error code].
**
** {F17888} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_write(D,...)]
**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
................................................................................
** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
** that SQLite uses to interact
** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
** The following interfaces are provided.
**
** The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to 
** a VFS given its name.  Names are case sensitive.
** Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
** If there is no match, a NULL
** pointer is returned.  If zVfsName is NULL then the default 
** VFS is returned. 
**
** New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
** Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
** The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
** To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
** then the behavior is undefined.
** 
** Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
** If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F11203} The [sqlite3_vfs_find(N)] interface returns a pointer to the
**          registered [sqlite3_vfs] object whose name exactly matches
**          the zero-terminated UTF-8 string N, or it returns NULL if
**          there is no match.
**
** {F11206} If the N parameter to [sqlite3_vfs_find(N)] is NULL then
**          the function returns a pointer to the default [sqlite3_vfs]
**          object if there is one, or NULL if there is no default 
**          [sqlite3_vfs] object.
**
** {F11209} The [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface registers the
**          well-formed [sqlite3_vfs] object P using the name given
**          by the zName field of the object.
**
** {F11212} Using the [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface to register
**          the same [sqlite3_vfs] object multiple times is a harmless no-op.
**
** {F11215} The [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface makes the
**          the [sqlite3_vfs] object P the default [sqlite3_vfs] object
**          if F is non-zero.
**
** {F11218} The [sqlite3_vfs_unregister(P)] interface unregisters the
**          [sqlite3_vfs] object P so that it is no longer returned by
**          subsequent calls to [sqlite3_vfs_find()].
*/
sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
................................................................................
** CAPI3REF: Mutexes {F17000}
**
** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
** permitted to use any of these routines.
**
** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations 
** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
**
** <ul>
** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_OS2
** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREAD
** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
** </ul>
**
** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines 
** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in 
** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_OS2,
** SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREAD, and SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations
** are appropriate for use on OS/2, Unix, and Windows.
** 
** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_ 
** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
**
** {F17011} The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
** mutex and returns a pointer to it. {F17012} If it returns NULL
** that means that a mutex could not be allocated. {F17013} SQLite
** will unwind its stack and return an error. {F17014} The argument
** to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() is one of these integer constants:
................................................................................
** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
**
** {F17018} Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
** returns a different mutex on every call.  {F17034} But for the static 
** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
** the same type number. {END}
**
** {F17019} The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
** allocated dynamic mutex. {F17020} SQLite is careful to deallocate every
** dynamic mutex that it allocates. {U17021} The dynamic mutexes must not be in 
** use when they are deallocated. {U17022} Attempting to deallocate a static
** mutex results in undefined behavior. {F17023} SQLite never deallocates
** a static mutex. {END}
**
** The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
** to enter a mutex. {F17024} If another thread is already within the mutex,
** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
................................................................................
** {F17027} In such cases the,
** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
** can enter.  {U17028} If the same thread tries to enter any other
** kind of mutex more than once, the behavior is undefined.
** {F17029} SQLite will never exhibit
** such behavior in its own use of mutexes.
**
** Some systems (ex: windows95) do not support the operation implemented by
** sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try() will
** always return SQLITE_BUSY.  {F17030} The SQLite core only ever uses
** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable behavior.
**
** {F17031} The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
** previously entered by the same thread.  {U17032} The behavior
** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
** calling thread or is not currently allocated.  {F17033} SQLite will
** never do either. {END}
................................................................................
/*
** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object {F17120}
**
** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
** used to allocate and use mutexes.
**
** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
** sufficient, however the user has the option of substituting a custom 
** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite 
** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the user
** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option. 
** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
**
** The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
** {F17001} The xMutexInit routine shall be called by SQLite once for each
** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].  
**
** The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
** those obtained by the xMutexInit method. {F17003} The xMutexEnd() 
** interface shall be invoked once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()]. 
**
** The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
**
** <ul>
**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
................................................................................
  void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
  int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
  void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
  int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
  int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
};


/*
** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verifcation Routines {F17080}
**
** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
** are intended for use inside assert() statements. {F17081} The SQLite core
** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  {F17082} The core only
** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  {U17087} External mutex implementations
................................................................................
**
** {F17085} If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
** the routine should return 1.  {END} This seems counter-intuitive since
** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But the
** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
** the appropriate thing to do.  {F17086} The sqlite3_mutex_notheld() 
** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
*/
int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types {F17001}
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10

/*
** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status {F17200}
**
** This interface is used to retrieve run-time status information
** about the preformance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
** highwater marks.  The first argument is an integer code for
** the specific parameter to measure.  Recognized integer codes
** are of the form [SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED | SQLITE_STATUS_...].
** The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
** The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  If the
** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
................................................................................
**
** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
**
** <dl>
** <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The 
** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Scratch memory
** controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH] and auxiliary page-cache
** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
** sizes as are reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>
**
** <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
** page cache buffer configured using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>
**
** <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>

** on how SQLite interfaces are suppose to operate.
**
** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
** part of the build process.
**
** @(#) $Id: sqlite.h.in,v 1.350 2008/06/22 09:55:14 mihailim Exp $
*/
#ifndef _SQLITE3_H_
#define _SQLITE3_H_
#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */

/*
** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
................................................................................

/*
** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection {F12010}
**
** This routine is the destructor for the [sqlite3] object.
**
** Applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all [prepared statements]
** and [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles] associated with
** the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.
** The [sqlite3_next_stmt()] interface can be used to locate all
** [prepared statements] associated with a [database connection] if desired.
** Typical code might look like this:
**
** <blockquote><pre>
** sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
................................................................................
** has been opened.  It is intended that this variable be set once
** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
** routines have been call and remain unchanged thereafter.
*/
SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Database Is In Auto-Commit Mode {F12930}
** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
**
** The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
** respectively.   Autocommit mode is on by default.
** Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
** Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
**
................................................................................
** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.
**
** Shared cache is disabled by default. But this might change in
** future releases of SQLite.  Applications that care about shared
** cache setting should set it explicitly.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F10331} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(B)]
**          will enable or disable shared cache mode for any subsequently
**          created [database connection] in the same process.
**
** {F10336} When shared cache is enabled, the [sqlite3_create_module()]
**          interface will always return an error.
**
................................................................................
** cannot free sufficient memory to prevent the limit from being exceeded,
** the memory is allocated anyway and the current operation proceeds.
**
** A negative or zero value for N means that there is no soft heap limit and
** [sqlite3_release_memory()] will only be called when memory is exhausted.
** The default value for the soft heap limit is zero.
**
** SQLite makes a best effort to honor the soft heap limit.
** But if the soft heap limit cannot be honored, execution will
** continue without error or notification.  This is why the limit is
** called a "soft" limit.  It is advisory only.
**
** Prior to SQLite version 3.5.0, this routine only constrained the memory
** allocated by a single thread - the same thread in which this routine
** runs.  Beginning with SQLite version 3.5.0, the soft heap limit is
................................................................................
** The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
** name of the desired column, respectively. Neither of these parameters
** may be NULL.
**
** Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
** and subsequent parameters to this function. Any of these arguments may be
** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.
**
** <blockquote>
** <table border="1">
** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
**
** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
................................................................................
/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object {F18000}
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module
**
** A module is a class of virtual tables.  Each module is defined
** by an instance of the following structure.  This structure consists
** mostly of methods for the module.
**
** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
** removal in future releases of SQLite.
*/
struct sqlite3_module {
  int iVersion;
  int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
               int argc, const char *const*argv,
               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
  int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
................................................................................
**
** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used to
** pass information into and receive the reply from the xBestIndex
** method of an sqlite3_module.  The fields under **Inputs** are the
** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
** results into the **Outputs** fields.
**
** The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form:

**
** <pre>column OP expr</pre>
**
** where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.  The particular operator is

** stored in aConstraint[].op.  The index of the column is stored in
** aConstraint[].iColumn.  aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
** is usable) and false if it cannot.
**
** The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
................................................................................
** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
** sorting step is required.
**
** The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of doing the
** particular lookup.  A full scan of a table with N entries should have
** a cost of N.  A binary search of a table of N entries should have a
** cost of approximately log(N).
**
** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
** removal in future releases of SQLite.
*/
struct sqlite3_index_info {
  /* Inputs */
  int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
  struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
     int iColumn;              /* Column on left-hand side of constraint */
     unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT    16
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE    32
#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH 64

/*
** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation {F18200}
**
** This routine is used to register a new module name with a
** [database connection].  Module names must be registered before
** creating new virtual tables on the module, or before using
** preexisting virtual tables of the module.
**
** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
** removal in future releases of SQLite.
*/
int sqlite3_create_module(
  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
  const sqlite3_module *,    /* Methods for the module */
  void *                     /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation {F18210}
**
** This routine is identical to the [sqlite3_create_module()] method above,
** except that it allows a destructor function to be specified. It is
** even more experimental than the rest of the virtual tables API.
*/
int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
  const sqlite3_module *,    /* Methods for the module */
................................................................................

/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object {F18010}
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
**
** Every module implementation uses a subclass of the following structure
** to describe a particular instance of the module.  Each subclass will
** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
** common to all module implementations.
**
** Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg.  The method should
** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()]
** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  After the error message
** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.  Note
** that sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_free() are used on the zErrMsg field
** since virtual tables are commonly implemented in loadable extensions which
** do not have access to sqlite3MPrintf() or sqlite3Free().
**
** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
** removal in future releases of SQLite.
*/
struct sqlite3_vtab {
  const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
  int nRef;                       /* Used internally */
  char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
};
................................................................................
** to describe cursors that point into the virtual table and are used
** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
** xOpen method of the module.  Each module implementation will define
** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
**
** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
** are common to all implementations.
**
** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
** removal in future releases of SQLite.
*/
struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table {F18280}
**
** The xCreate and xConnect methods of a module use the following API
** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
** the virtual tables they implement.
**
** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
** removal in future releases of SQLite.
*/
int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zCreateTable);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table {F18300}
**
** Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
................................................................................
** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
**
****** EXPERIMENTAL - subject to change without notice **************
*/

/*
** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB {F17800}
** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
**
** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
** Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
** The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
** The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.

*/
typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O {F17810}
**
** This interfaces opens a handle to the BLOB located
** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
**
** <pre>
**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE rowid = iRow;
** </pre> {END}
**
** If the flags parameter is non-zero, the the BLOB is opened for read
** and write access. If it is zero, the BLOB is opened for read access.

**
** Note that the database name is not the filename that contains
** the database but rather the symbolic name of the database that
** is assigned when the database is connected using [ATTACH].
** For the main database file, the database name is "main".
** For TEMP tables, the database name is "temp".
**
** On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is written
** to *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and any value written

** to *ppBlob should not be used by the caller.
** This function sets the [database connection] error code and message
** accessible via [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17813} A successful invocation of the [sqlite3_blob_open(D,B,T,C,R,F,P)]
**          interface opens an [sqlite3_blob] object P on the BLOB in column C
**          of the table T in the database B on the [database connection] D.
**
** {F17814} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_blob_open(D,...)] starts
**          a new transaction on the [database connection] D if that
**          connection is not already in a transaction.
**
** {F17816} The [sqlite3_blob_open(D,B,T,C,R,F,P)] interface opens the BLOB for
**          read and write access if and only if the F parameter is non-zero.

**
** {F17819} The [sqlite3_blob_open()] interface returns [SQLITE_OK] on
**          success and an appropriate [error code] on failure.
**
** {F17821} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_open(D,...)]
**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
**          [sqlite3_errmsg(D)], and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)] will return
**          information appropriate for that error.
*/
................................................................................
  int flags,
  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
);

/*
** CAPI3REF:  Close A BLOB Handle {F17830}
**
** Closes an open [BLOB handle].
**
** Closing a BLOB shall cause the current transaction to commit
** if there are no other BLOBs, no pending prepared statements, and the
** database connection is in [autocommit mode].
** If any writes were made to the BLOB, they might be held in cache
** until the close operation if they will fit. {END}
**
** Closing the BLOB often forces the changes
** out to disk and so if any I/O errors occur, they will likely occur
** at the time when the BLOB is closed.  {F17833} Any errors that occur during
** closing are reported as a non-zero return value.
**
** The BLOB is closed unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns
** an error code, the BLOB is still closed.
................................................................................
**          [sqlite3_blob] object P previously opened using
**          [sqlite3_blob_open()].
**
** {F17836} Closing an [sqlite3_blob] object using
**          [sqlite3_blob_close()] shall cause the current transaction to
**          commit if there are no other open [sqlite3_blob] objects
**          or [prepared statements] on the same [database connection] and
**          the database connection is in [autocommit mode].

**
** {F17839} The [sqlite3_blob_close(P)] interfaces closes the
**          [sqlite3_blob] object P unconditionally, even if
**          [sqlite3_blob_close(P)] returns something other than [SQLITE_OK].

*/
int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB {F17840}
**
** Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the open
** []BLOB handle] in its only argument.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17843} The [sqlite3_blob_bytes(P)] interface returns the size
**          in bytes of the BLOB that the [sqlite3_blob] object P
**          refers to.
*/
int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally {F17850}
**
** This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a

** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.
**
** If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  If N or iOffset is
** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
**
** On success, SQLITE_OK is returned.
** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17853} The [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] interface reads N bytes beginning

**          at offset X from the BLOB that [sqlite3_blob] object P refers to
**          and writes those N bytes into buffer Z.
**
** {F17856} In [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] if the size of the BLOB
**          is less than N+X bytes, then the function returns [SQLITE_ERROR]
**          and nothing is read from the BLOB.
**
** {F17859} In [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] if X or N is less than zero
**          then the function returns [SQLITE_ERROR]
**          and nothing is read from the BLOB.
**
** {F17862} The [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
**          if N bytes where successfully read into buffer Z.
**
** {F17865} If the requested read could not be completed,
**          the [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] interface returns an
**          appropriate [error code] or [extended error code].
**
** {F17868} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_read(P,...)]
**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
**          [sqlite3_errmsg(D)], and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)] will return
**          information appropriate for that error, where D is the
**          [database connection] that was used to open the [BLOB handle] P.
*/
int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);

/*
** CAPI3REF:  Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally {F17870}
**
** This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a

** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.
**
** If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
**
** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
** If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.  If N is
** less than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
**
** On success, SQLITE_OK is returned.
** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F17873} The [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface writes N bytes
**          from buffer Z into the BLOB that [sqlite3_blob] object P

**          refers to beginning at an offset of X into the BLOB.
**
** {F17875} The [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface returns
**          [SQLITE_READONLY] if the [sqlite3_blob] object P was
**          [sqlite3_blob_open | opened] for reading only.
**
** {F17876} In [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] if the size of the BLOB
**          is less than N+X bytes, then the function returns [SQLITE_ERROR]
**          and nothing is written into the BLOB.
**
** {F17879} In [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] if X or N is less than zero
**          then the function returns [SQLITE_ERROR]
**          and nothing is written into the BLOB.
**
** {F17882} The [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
**          if N bytes where successfully written into the BLOB.
**
** {F17885} If the requested write could not be completed,
**          the [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface returns an
**          appropriate [error code] or [extended error code].
**
** {F17888} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_write(D,...)]
**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
................................................................................
** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
** that SQLite uses to interact
** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
** The following interfaces are provided.
**
** The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name.
** Names are case sensitive.
** Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
** If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned.
** If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned.

**
** New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
** Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
** The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
** To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
** then the behavior is undefined.
**
** Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
** If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {F11203} The [sqlite3_vfs_find(N)] interface returns a pointer to the
**          registered [sqlite3_vfs] object whose name exactly matches
**          the zero-terminated UTF-8 string N, or it returns NULL if
**          there is no match.
**
** {F11206} If the N parameter to [sqlite3_vfs_find(N)] is NULL then
**          the function returns a pointer to the default [sqlite3_vfs]
**          object if there is one, or NULL if there is no default
**          [sqlite3_vfs] object.
**
** {F11209} The [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface registers the
**          well-formed [sqlite3_vfs] object P using the name given
**          by the zName field of the object.
**
** {F11212} Using the [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface to register
**          the same [sqlite3_vfs] object multiple times is a harmless no-op.
**
** {F11215} The [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface makes the [sqlite3_vfs]
**          object P the default [sqlite3_vfs] object if F is non-zero.

**
** {F11218} The [sqlite3_vfs_unregister(P)] interface unregisters the
**          [sqlite3_vfs] object P so that it is no longer returned by
**          subsequent calls to [sqlite3_vfs_find()].
*/
sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
................................................................................
** CAPI3REF: Mutexes {F17000}
**
** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
** permitted to use any of these routines.
**
** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
**
** <ul>
** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_OS2
** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREAD
** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
** </ul>
**
** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines
** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in
** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_OS2,
** SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREAD, and SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations
** are appropriate for use on OS/2, Unix, and Windows.
**
** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
**
** {F17011} The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
** mutex and returns a pointer to it. {F17012} If it returns NULL
** that means that a mutex could not be allocated. {F17013} SQLite
** will unwind its stack and return an error. {F17014} The argument
** to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() is one of these integer constants:
................................................................................
** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
**
** {F17018} Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
** returns a different mutex on every call.  {F17034} But for the static
** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
** the same type number. {END}
**
** {F17019} The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
** allocated dynamic mutex. {F17020} SQLite is careful to deallocate every
** dynamic mutex that it allocates. {U17021} The dynamic mutexes must not be in
** use when they are deallocated. {U17022} Attempting to deallocate a static
** mutex results in undefined behavior. {F17023} SQLite never deallocates
** a static mutex. {END}
**
** The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
** to enter a mutex. {F17024} If another thread is already within the mutex,
** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
................................................................................
** {F17027} In such cases the,
** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
** can enter.  {U17028} If the same thread tries to enter any other
** kind of mutex more than once, the behavior is undefined.
** {F17029} SQLite will never exhibit
** such behavior in its own use of mutexes.
**
** Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
** will always return SQLITE_BUSY.  {F17030} The SQLite core only ever uses
** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable behavior.
**
** {F17031} The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
** previously entered by the same thread.  {U17032} The behavior
** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
** calling thread or is not currently allocated.  {F17033} SQLite will
** never do either. {END}
................................................................................
/*
** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object {F17120}
**
** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
** used to allocate and use mutexes.
**
** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
** sufficient, however the user has the option of substituting a custom
** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the user
** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
**
** The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
** {F17001} The xMutexInit routine shall be called by SQLite once for each
** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
**
** The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
** those obtained by the xMutexInit method. {F17003} The xMutexEnd()
** interface shall be invoked once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
**
** The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
**
** <ul>
**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
................................................................................
  void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
  int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
  void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
  int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
  int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
};


/*
** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines {F17080}
**
** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
** are intended for use inside assert() statements. {F17081} The SQLite core
** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  {F17082} The core only
** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  {U17087} External mutex implementations
................................................................................
**
** {F17085} If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
** the routine should return 1.  {END} This seems counter-intuitive since
** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But the
** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
** the appropriate thing to do.  {F17086} The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
*/
int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types {F17001}
................................................................................
#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10

/*
** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status {F17200}
**
** This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
** about the preformance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
** highwater marks.  The first argument is an integer code for
** the specific parameter to measure.  Recognized integer codes
** are of the form [SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED | SQLITE_STATUS_...].
** The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
** The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  If the
** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
................................................................................
**
** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
**
** <dl>
** <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The
** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Scratch memory
** controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH] and auxiliary page-cache
** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>
**
** <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
** page cache buffer configured using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>
**
** <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>