int i;
  i64 iSeq;
  i64 iPos;

  assert( IsStat4 || nEqZero==0 );

  if( pNew->isPSample==0 ){

    assert( pNew->anEq[pNew->iCol]>0 );

    /* This sample is being added because the prefix that ends in column 
    ** iCol occurs many times in the table. However, if we have already
    ** added a sample that shares this prefix, there is no need to add
    ** this one. Instead, upgrade the priority of the existing sample. */

    for(i=p->nSample-1; i>=0; i--){
      Stat4Sample *pOld = &p->a[i];
      if( pOld->anEq[pNew->iCol]==0 ){
        if( pOld->isPSample==0 ){
          assert( sampleIsBetter(pNew, pOld) );
          assert( pOld->iCol>pNew->iCol );
          pOld->iCol = pNew->iCol;
        }
        goto find_new_min;
      }
    }





  }

  /* If necessary, remove sample iMin to make room for the new sample. */
  if( p->nSample>=p->mxSample ){
    Stat4Sample *pMin = &p->a[p->iMin];
    tRowcnt *anEq = pMin->anEq;
    tRowcnt *anLt = pMin->anLt;

  int i;
  i64 iSeq;
  i64 iPos;

  assert( IsStat4 || nEqZero==0 );

  if( pNew->isPSample==0 ){
    Stat4Sample *pUpgrade = 0;
    assert( pNew->anEq[pNew->iCol]>0 );

    /* This sample is being added because the prefix that ends in column 
    ** iCol occurs many times in the table. However, if we have already
    ** added a sample that shares this prefix, there is no need to add
    ** this one. Instead, upgrade the priority of the highest priority
    ** existing sample that shares this prefix.  */
    for(i=p->nSample-1; i>=0; i--){
      Stat4Sample *pOld = &p->a[i];
      if( pOld->anEq[pNew->iCol]==0 ){
        if( pOld->isPSample ) return;
        assert( sampleIsBetter(pNew, pOld) );
        if( pUpgrade==0 || sampleIsBetter(pOld, pUpgrade) ){
          pUpgrade = pOld;
        }

      }
    }
    if( pUpgrade ){
      pUpgrade->iCol = pNew->iCol;
      pUpgrade->anEq[pUpgrade->iCol] = pNew->anEq[pUpgrade->iCol];
      goto find_new_min;
    }
  }

  /* If necessary, remove sample iMin to make room for the new sample. */
  if( p->nSample>=p->mxSample ){
    Stat4Sample *pMin = &p->a[p->iMin];
    tRowcnt *anEq = pMin->anEq;
    tRowcnt *anLt = pMin->anLt;

  INSERT INTO t1 SELECT a+3,4,'four'||substr(c,4) FROM t1 WHERE c GLOB 'one-*';
  INSERT INTO t1 SELECT a+4,5,'five'||substr(c,4) FROM t1 WHERE c GLOB 'one-*';
  INSERT INTO t1 SELECT a+5,6,'six'||substr(c,4) FROM t1 WHERE c GLOB 'one-*';	
  CREATE INDEX t1b ON t1(b);
  ANALYZE;
  SELECT c FROM t1 WHERE b=3 AND a BETWEEN 30 AND 60;
} {three-d three-e three-f}














































































































finish_test

  INSERT INTO t1 SELECT a+3,4,'four'||substr(c,4) FROM t1 WHERE c GLOB 'one-*';
  INSERT INTO t1 SELECT a+4,5,'five'||substr(c,4) FROM t1 WHERE c GLOB 'one-*';
  INSERT INTO t1 SELECT a+5,6,'six'||substr(c,4) FROM t1 WHERE c GLOB 'one-*';	
  CREATE INDEX t1b ON t1(b);
  ANALYZE;
  SELECT c FROM t1 WHERE b=3 AND a BETWEEN 30 AND 60;
} {three-d three-e three-f}

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# These tests verify that the sample selection for stat4 appears to be 
# working as designed.
#

reset_db
db func lindex lindex
db func lrange lrange

do_execsql_test 4.0 {
  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
  CREATE TABLE t1(a, b, c);
  CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1(c, b, a);
}


proc insert_filler_rows_n {iStart args} {
  set A(-ncopy) 1
  set A(-nval) 1

  foreach {k v} $args {
    if {[info exists A($k)]==0} { error "no such option: $k" }
    set A($k) $v
  }
  if {[llength $args] % 2} {
    error "option requires an argument: [lindex $args end]"
  }

  for {set i 0} {$i < $A(-nval)} {incr i} {
    set iVal [expr $iStart+$i]
    for {set j 0} {$j < $A(-ncopy)} {incr j} {
      execsql { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES($iVal, $iVal, $iVal) }
    }
  }
}

do_test 4.1 {
  execsql { BEGIN }
  insert_filler_rows_n  0  -ncopy 10 -nval 19
  insert_filler_rows_n 20  -ncopy  1 -nval 100

  execsql {
    INSERT INTO t1(c, b, a) VALUES(200, 1, 'a');
    INSERT INTO t1(c, b, a) VALUES(200, 1, 'b');
    INSERT INTO t1(c, b, a) VALUES(200, 1, 'c');

    INSERT INTO t1(c, b, a) VALUES(200, 2, 'e');
    INSERT INTO t1(c, b, a) VALUES(200, 2, 'f');

    INSERT INTO t1(c, b, a) VALUES(201, 3, 'g');
    INSERT INTO t1(c, b, a) VALUES(201, 4, 'h');

    ANALYZE;
    SELECT count(*) FROM sqlite_stat4;
    SELECT count(*) FROM t1;
  }
} {24 297}

do_execsql_test 4.2 {
  SELECT 
    neq,
    lrange(nlt, 0, 2),
    lrange(ndlt, 0, 2),
    lrange(test_decode(sample), 0, 2)
    FROM sqlite_stat4
  ORDER BY rowid LIMIT 16;
} {
  {10 10 10 1} {0 0 0} {0 0 0} {0 0 0}
  {10 10 10 1} {10 10 10} {1 1 1} {1 1 1}
  {10 10 10 1} {20 20 20} {2 2 2} {2 2 2}
  {10 10 10 1} {30 30 30} {3 3 3} {3 3 3}
  {10 10 10 1} {40 40 40} {4 4 4} {4 4 4}
  {10 10 10 1} {50 50 50} {5 5 5} {5 5 5}
  {10 10 10 1} {60 60 60} {6 6 6} {6 6 6}
  {10 10 10 1} {70 70 70} {7 7 7} {7 7 7}
  {10 10 10 1} {80 80 80} {8 8 8} {8 8 8}
  {10 10 10 1} {90 90 90} {9 9 9} {9 9 9}
  {10 10 10 1} {100 100 100} {10 10 10} {10 10 10}
  {10 10 10 1} {110 110 110} {11 11 11} {11 11 11}
  {10 10 10 1} {120 120 120} {12 12 12} {12 12 12}
  {10 10 10 1} {130 130 130} {13 13 13} {13 13 13}
  {10 10 10 1} {140 140 140} {14 14 14} {14 14 14}
  {10 10 10 1} {150 150 150} {15 15 15} {15 15 15}
}

do_execsql_test 4.3 {
  SELECT 
    neq,
    lrange(nlt, 0, 2),
    lrange(ndlt, 0, 2),
    lrange(test_decode(sample), 0, 1)
    FROM sqlite_stat4
  ORDER BY rowid DESC LIMIT 2;
} {
  {2 1 1 1} {295 296 296} {120 122 125} {201 4} 
  {5 3 1 1} {290 290 292} {119 119 121} {200 1}
}

do_execsql_test 4.4 { SELECT count(DISTINCT c) FROM t1 WHERE c<201 } 120
do_execsql_test 4.5 { SELECT count(DISTINCT c) FROM t1 WHERE c<200 } 119

# Check that the perioidic samples are present.
do_execsql_test 4.6 {
  SELECT count(*) FROM sqlite_stat4
  WHERE lindex(test_decode(sample), 3) IN 
    ('34', '68', '102', '136', '170', '204', '238', '272')
} {8}


finish_test