** This file contains the C functions that implement various SQL
** functions of SQLite.  
**
** There is only one exported symbol in this file - the function
** sqliteRegisterBuildinFunctions() found at the bottom of the file.
** All other code has file scope.
**
** $Id: func.c,v 1.128 2006/05/11 13:25:39 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"
#include <ctype.h>
/* #include <math.h> */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include "vdbeInt.h"
................................................................................
  sqlite3_context *context,
  int argc,
  sqlite3_value **argv
){
  sqlite3_result_text(context, sqlite3_version, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
}















/*
** EXPERIMENTAL - This is not an official function.  The interface may
** change.  This function may disappear.  Do not write code that depends
** on this function.
**
** Implementation of the QUOTE() function.  This function takes a single
................................................................................
    { "random",            -1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, randomFunc },
    { "nullif",             2, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    1, nullifFunc },
    { "sqlite_version",     0, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, versionFunc},
    { "quote",              1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, quoteFunc  },
    { "last_insert_rowid",  0, 1, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, last_insert_rowid },
    { "changes",            0, 1, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, changes    },
    { "total_changes",      0, 1, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, total_changes },

#ifdef SQLITE_SOUNDEX
    { "soundex",            1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8, 0, soundexFunc},
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
    { "randstr",               2, 0, SQLITE_UTF8, 0, randStr    },
    { "test_destructor",       1, 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0, test_destructor},
    { "test_destructor_count", 0, 0, SQLITE_UTF8, 0, test_destructor_count},

** This file contains the C functions that implement various SQL
** functions of SQLite.  
**
** There is only one exported symbol in this file - the function
** sqliteRegisterBuildinFunctions() found at the bottom of the file.
** All other code has file scope.
**
** $Id: func.c,v 1.129 2006/06/13 17:39:00 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"
#include <ctype.h>
/* #include <math.h> */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include "vdbeInt.h"
................................................................................
  sqlite3_context *context,
  int argc,
  sqlite3_value **argv
){
  sqlite3_result_text(context, sqlite3_version, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
}

/*
** The MATCH() function is unimplemented.  If anybody tries to use it,
** return an error.
*/
static void matchStub(
  sqlite3_context *context,
  int argc,
  sqlite3_value **argv
){
  static const char zErr[] = "MATCH is not implemented";
  sqlite3_result_error(context, zErr, sizeof(zErr)-1);
}


/*
** EXPERIMENTAL - This is not an official function.  The interface may
** change.  This function may disappear.  Do not write code that depends
** on this function.
**
** Implementation of the QUOTE() function.  This function takes a single
................................................................................
    { "random",            -1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, randomFunc },
    { "nullif",             2, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    1, nullifFunc },
    { "sqlite_version",     0, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, versionFunc},
    { "quote",              1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, quoteFunc  },
    { "last_insert_rowid",  0, 1, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, last_insert_rowid },
    { "changes",            0, 1, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, changes    },
    { "total_changes",      0, 1, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, total_changes },
    { "match",              2, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, matchStub },
#ifdef SQLITE_SOUNDEX
    { "soundex",            1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8, 0, soundexFunc},
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
    { "randstr",               2, 0, SQLITE_UTF8, 0, randStr    },
    { "test_destructor",       1, 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0, test_destructor},
    { "test_destructor_count", 0, 0, SQLITE_UTF8, 0, test_destructor_count},

** This module contains C code that generates VDBE code used to process
** the WHERE clause of SQL statements.  This module is reponsible for
** generating the code that loops through a table looking for applicable
** rows.  Indices are selected and used to speed the search when doing
** so is applicable.  Because this module is responsible for selecting
** indices, you might also think of this module as the "query optimizer".
**
** $Id: where.c,v 1.214 2006/06/13 15:00:55 danielk1977 Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"

/*
** The number of bits in a Bitmask.  "BMS" means "BitMask Size".
*/
#define BMS  (sizeof(Bitmask)*8)
................................................................................
*/
#define WO_IN     1
#define WO_EQ     2
#define WO_LT     (WO_EQ<<(TK_LT-TK_EQ))
#define WO_LE     (WO_EQ<<(TK_LE-TK_EQ))
#define WO_GT     (WO_EQ<<(TK_GT-TK_EQ))
#define WO_GE     (WO_EQ<<(TK_GE-TK_EQ))


/*
** Value for flags returned by bestIndex()
*/
#define WHERE_ROWID_EQ       0x0001   /* rowid=EXPR or rowid IN (...) */
#define WHERE_ROWID_RANGE    0x0002   /* rowid<EXPR and/or rowid>EXPR */
#define WHERE_COLUMN_EQ      0x0010   /* x=EXPR or x IN (...) */
................................................................................
    return 0;
  }
  *pisComplete = z[cnt]==wc[0] && z[cnt+1]==0;
  *pnPattern = cnt;
  return 1;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_LIKE_OPTIMIZATION */





























/*
** If the pBase expression originated in the ON or USING clause of
** a join, then transfer the appropriate markings over to derived.
*/
static void transferJoinMarkings(Expr *pDerived, Expr *pBase){
  pDerived->flags |= pBase->flags & EP_FromJoin;
................................................................................
    if( isComplete ){
      pWC->a[idxNew1].iParent = idxTerm;
      pWC->a[idxNew2].iParent = idxTerm;
      pTerm->nChild = 2;
    }
  }
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_LIKE_OPTIMIZATION */

































}


/*
** This routine decides if pIdx can be used to satisfy the ORDER BY
** clause.  If it can, it returns 1.  If pIdx cannot satisfy the
** ORDER BY clause, this routine returns 0.
................................................................................
    x *= 10;
  }
  return logN;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
/*
** Compute the best index for a virtual table













*/
static double bestVirtualIndex(
  Parse *pParse,                 /* The parsing context */
  WhereClause *pWC,              /* The WHERE clause */
  struct SrcList_item *pSrc,     /* The FROM clause term to search */
  Bitmask notReady,              /* Mask of cursors that are not available */
  ExprList *pOrderBy,            /* The order by clause */
................................................................................

    for(i=j=0, pTerm=pWC->a; i<pWC->nTerm; i++, pTerm++){
      if( pTerm->leftCursor != pSrc->iCursor ) continue;
      if( pTerm->eOperator==WO_IN ) continue;
      pIdxCons[j].iColumn = pTerm->leftColumn;
      pIdxCons[j].iTermOffset = i;
      pIdxCons[j].op = pTerm->eOperator;



      assert( WO_EQ==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ );
      assert( WO_LT==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT );
      assert( WO_LE==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE );
      assert( WO_GT==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT );
      assert( WO_GE==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE );

      assert( pTerm->eOperator & (WO_EQ|WO_LT|WO_LE|WO_GT|WO_GE) );
      j++;
    }
    for(i=0; i<nOrderBy; i++){
      Expr *pExpr = pOrderBy->a[i].pExpr;
      pIdxOrderBy[i].iColumn = pExpr->iColumn;
      pIdxOrderBy[i].desc = pOrderBy->a[i].sortOrder;
    }
  }








  /* The module name must be defined */
  assert( pTab->azModuleArg && pTab->azModuleArg[0] );
  if( pTab->pVtab==0 ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "undefined module %s for table %s",
        pTab->azModuleArg[0], pTab->zName);
    return 0.0;
  }

  /* Set the aConstraint[].usable fields and initialize all 
  ** output variables

















  */
  pIdxCons = *(struct sqlite3_index_constraint**)&pIdxInfo->aConstraint;
  pUsage = pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage;
  for(i=0; i<pIdxInfo->nConstraint; i++, pIdxCons++){
    j = pIdxCons->iTermOffset;
    pTerm = &pWC->a[j];
    pIdxCons->usable =  (pTerm->prereqRight & notReady)==0;
................................................................................
      pLevel->iLeftJoin = pParse->nMem++;
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemInt, 0, pLevel->iLeftJoin);
      VdbeComment((v, "# init LEFT JOIN no-match flag"));
    }

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
    if( pLevel->pIdxInfo ){



      char *zSpace;     /* Space for OP_VFilter to marshall it's arguments */

      /* Case 0:  That table is a virtual-table.  Use the VFilter and VNext.
      */
      sqlite3_index_info *pIdxInfo = pLevel->pIdxInfo;
      for(i=1; i<=pIdxInfo->nConstraint; i++){
        int j;
        for(j=0; j<pIdxInfo->nConstraint; j++){
          if( pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[j].argvIndex==i ){
            sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, wc.a[j].pExpr->pRight);
            break;

** This module contains C code that generates VDBE code used to process
** the WHERE clause of SQL statements.  This module is reponsible for
** generating the code that loops through a table looking for applicable
** rows.  Indices are selected and used to speed the search when doing
** so is applicable.  Because this module is responsible for selecting
** indices, you might also think of this module as the "query optimizer".
**
** $Id: where.c,v 1.215 2006/06/13 17:39:01 drh Exp $
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"

/*
** The number of bits in a Bitmask.  "BMS" means "BitMask Size".
*/
#define BMS  (sizeof(Bitmask)*8)
................................................................................
*/
#define WO_IN     1
#define WO_EQ     2
#define WO_LT     (WO_EQ<<(TK_LT-TK_EQ))
#define WO_LE     (WO_EQ<<(TK_LE-TK_EQ))
#define WO_GT     (WO_EQ<<(TK_GT-TK_EQ))
#define WO_GE     (WO_EQ<<(TK_GE-TK_EQ))
#define WO_MATCH  64

/*
** Value for flags returned by bestIndex()
*/
#define WHERE_ROWID_EQ       0x0001   /* rowid=EXPR or rowid IN (...) */
#define WHERE_ROWID_RANGE    0x0002   /* rowid<EXPR and/or rowid>EXPR */
#define WHERE_COLUMN_EQ      0x0010   /* x=EXPR or x IN (...) */
................................................................................
    return 0;
  }
  *pisComplete = z[cnt]==wc[0] && z[cnt+1]==0;
  *pnPattern = cnt;
  return 1;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_LIKE_OPTIMIZATION */

/*
** Check to see if the given expression is of the form
**
**         column MATCH expr
**
** If it is then return TRUE.  If not, return FALSE.
*/
static int isMatchOfColumn(
  Expr *pExpr      /* Test this expression */
){
  ExprList *pList;

  if( pExpr->op!=TK_FUNCTION ){
    return 0;
  }
  if( pExpr->token.n!=5 || sqlite3StrNICmp(pExpr->token.z,"match",5)!=0 ){
    return 0;
  }
  pList = pExpr->pList;
  if( pList->nExpr!=2 ){
    return 0;
  }
  if( pList->a[1].pExpr->op != TK_COLUMN ){
    return 0;
  }
  return 1;
}

/*
** If the pBase expression originated in the ON or USING clause of
** a join, then transfer the appropriate markings over to derived.
*/
static void transferJoinMarkings(Expr *pDerived, Expr *pBase){
  pDerived->flags |= pBase->flags & EP_FromJoin;
................................................................................
    if( isComplete ){
      pWC->a[idxNew1].iParent = idxTerm;
      pWC->a[idxNew2].iParent = idxTerm;
      pTerm->nChild = 2;
    }
  }
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_LIKE_OPTIMIZATION */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
  /* Add a WO_MATCH auxiliary term to the constraint set if the
  ** current expression is of the form:  column MATCH expr.
  ** This information is used by the xBestIndex methods of
  ** virtual tables.  The native query optimizer does not attempt
  ** to do anything with MATCH functions.
  */
  if( isMatchOfColumn(pExpr) ){
    int idxNew;
    Expr *pRight, *pLeft;
    WhereTerm *pNewTerm;
    Bitmask prereqColumn, prereqExpr;

    pRight = pExpr->pList->a[0].pExpr;
    pLeft = pExpr->pList->a[1].pExpr;
    prereqExpr = exprTableUsage(pMaskSet, pRight);
    prereqColumn = exprTableUsage(pMaskSet, pLeft);
    if( (prereqExpr & prereqColumn)==0 ){
      idxNew = whereClauseInsert(pWC, pExpr, TERM_VIRTUAL);
      pNewTerm = &pWC->a[idxNew];
      pNewTerm->prereqRight = prereqExpr;
      pNewTerm->leftCursor = pLeft->iTable;
      pNewTerm->leftColumn = pLeft->iColumn;
      pNewTerm->eOperator = WO_MATCH;
      pNewTerm->iParent = idxTerm;
      pTerm = &pWC->a[idxNew];
      pTerm->nChild = 1;
      pTerm->flags |= TERM_COPIED;
      pNewTerm->prereqAll = pTerm->prereqAll;
    }
  }
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
}


/*
** This routine decides if pIdx can be used to satisfy the ORDER BY
** clause.  If it can, it returns 1.  If pIdx cannot satisfy the
** ORDER BY clause, this routine returns 0.
................................................................................
    x *= 10;
  }
  return logN;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
/*
** Compute the best index for a virtual table.
**
** The best index is computed by the xBestIndex method of the virtual
** table module.  This routine is really just a wrapper that sets up
** the sqlite3_index_info structure that is used to communicate with
** xBestIndex.
**
** In a join, this routine might be called multiple times for the
** same virtual table.  The sqlite3_index_info structure is created
** and initialized on the first invocation and reused on all subsequent
** invocations.  The sqlite3_index_info structure is also used when
** code is generated to access the virtual table.  The whereInfoDelete() 
** routine takes care of freeing the sqlite3_index_info structure after
** everybody has finished with it.
*/
static double bestVirtualIndex(
  Parse *pParse,                 /* The parsing context */
  WhereClause *pWC,              /* The WHERE clause */
  struct SrcList_item *pSrc,     /* The FROM clause term to search */
  Bitmask notReady,              /* Mask of cursors that are not available */
  ExprList *pOrderBy,            /* The order by clause */
................................................................................

    for(i=j=0, pTerm=pWC->a; i<pWC->nTerm; i++, pTerm++){
      if( pTerm->leftCursor != pSrc->iCursor ) continue;
      if( pTerm->eOperator==WO_IN ) continue;
      pIdxCons[j].iColumn = pTerm->leftColumn;
      pIdxCons[j].iTermOffset = i;
      pIdxCons[j].op = pTerm->eOperator;
      /* The direct assignment in the previous line is possible only because
      ** the WO_ and SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ codes are identical.  The
      ** following asserts verify this fact. */
      assert( WO_EQ==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ );
      assert( WO_LT==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT );
      assert( WO_LE==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE );
      assert( WO_GT==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT );
      assert( WO_GE==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE );
      assert( WO_MATCH==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH );
      assert( pTerm->eOperator & (WO_EQ|WO_LT|WO_LE|WO_GT|WO_GE|WO_MATCH) );
      j++;
    }
    for(i=0; i<nOrderBy; i++){
      Expr *pExpr = pOrderBy->a[i].pExpr;
      pIdxOrderBy[i].iColumn = pExpr->iColumn;
      pIdxOrderBy[i].desc = pOrderBy->a[i].sortOrder;
    }
  }

  /* At this point, the sqlite3_index_info structure that pIdxInfo points
  ** to will have been initialized, either during the current invocation or
  ** during some prior invocation.  Now we just have to customize the
  ** details of pIdxInfo for the current invocation and pass it to
  ** xBestIndex.
  */

  /* The module name must be defined */
  assert( pTab->azModuleArg && pTab->azModuleArg[0] );
  if( pTab->pVtab==0 ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "undefined module %s for table %s",
        pTab->azModuleArg[0], pTab->zName);
    return 0.0;
  }

  /* Set the aConstraint[].usable fields and initialize all 
  ** output variables to zero.
  **
  ** aConstraint[].usable is true for constraints where the right-hand
  ** side contains only references to tables to the left of the current
  ** table.  In other words, if the constraint is of the form:
  **
  **           column = expr
  **
  ** and we are evaluating a join, then the constraint on column is 
  ** only valid if all tables referenced in expr occur to the left
  ** of the table containing column.
  **
  ** The aConstraints[] array contains entries for all constraints
  ** on the current table.  That way we only have to compute it once
  ** even though we might try to pick the best index multiple times.
  ** For each attempt at picking an index, the order of tables in the
  ** join might be different so we have to recompute the usable flag
  ** each time.
  */
  pIdxCons = *(struct sqlite3_index_constraint**)&pIdxInfo->aConstraint;
  pUsage = pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage;
  for(i=0; i<pIdxInfo->nConstraint; i++, pIdxCons++){
    j = pIdxCons->iTermOffset;
    pTerm = &pWC->a[j];
    pIdxCons->usable =  (pTerm->prereqRight & notReady)==0;
................................................................................
      pLevel->iLeftJoin = pParse->nMem++;
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp(v, OP_MemInt, 0, pLevel->iLeftJoin);
      VdbeComment((v, "# init LEFT JOIN no-match flag"));
    }

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
    if( pLevel->pIdxInfo ){
      /* Case 0:  The table is a virtual-table.  Use the VFilter and VNext
      **          to access the data.
      */
      char *zSpace;     /* Space for OP_VFilter to marshall it's arguments */



      sqlite3_index_info *pIdxInfo = pLevel->pIdxInfo;
      for(i=1; i<=pIdxInfo->nConstraint; i++){
        int j;
        for(j=0; j<pIdxInfo->nConstraint; j++){
          if( pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[j].argvIndex==i ){
            sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, wc.a[j].pExpr->pRight);
            break;

#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
#***********************************************************************
# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
# focus of this file is testing built-in functions.
#
# $Id: func.test,v 1.51 2006/03/26 01:21:23 drh Exp $

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/tester.tcl

# Create a table to work with.
#
do_test func-0.0 {
................................................................................
} {0 9223372036854775807}
do_test func-18.32 {
  catchsql {
    SELECT abs(-9223372036854775807-1);
  }
} {1 {integer overflow}}
























finish_test

#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
#
#***********************************************************************
# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
# focus of this file is testing built-in functions.
#
# $Id: func.test,v 1.52 2006/06/13 17:39:01 drh Exp $

set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
source $testdir/tester.tcl

# Create a table to work with.
#
do_test func-0.0 {
................................................................................
} {0 9223372036854775807}
do_test func-18.32 {
  catchsql {
    SELECT abs(-9223372036854775807-1);
  }
} {1 {integer overflow}}

# The MATCH function exists but is only a stub and always throws an error.
#
do_test func-19.1 {
  execsql {
    SELECT match(a,b) FROM t1 WHERE 0;
  }
} {}
do_test func-19.2 {
  catchsql {
    SELECT 'abc' MATCH 'xyz';
  }
} {1 {MATCH is not implemented}}
do_test func-19.3 {
  catchsql {
    SELECT 'abc' NOT MATCH 'xyz';
  }
} {1 {MATCH is not implemented}}
do_test func-19.4 {
  catchsql {
    SELECT match(1,2,3);
  }
} {1 {wrong number of arguments to function match()}}

finish_test