Given proj.db and test2.sql, there's a major performance regression between 3.40.0 and 3.41.0

$ hyperfine --warmup 10 "cat test2.sql|/home/even/install-sqlite-3.40.0/bin/sqlite3 proj.db"
  Time (mean ± σ):      10.4 ms ±   2.1 ms    [User: 9.3 ms, System: 2.4 ms]
  Range (min … max):     8.4 ms …  15.7 ms
 

$ hyperfine --warmup 10 "cat test2.sql|/home/even/install-sqlite-3.41.0/bin/sqlite3 proj.db"
  Time (mean ± σ):     113.6 ms ±  11.7 ms    [User: 109.6 ms, System: 4.7 ms]
  Range (min … max):    99.2 ms … 126.9 ms

test2.sql content is the following:

CREATE TEMP VIEW VV AS
    SELECT auth_name, code, type FROM geodetic_crs
    UNION ALL
    SELECT auth_name, code, 'projected' FROM projected_crs;
SELECT type FROM VV WHERE auth_name = 'EPSG' AND code = '4326';
-- above SELECT repeated 100 times

If changing 'projected' to CAST('projected' AS TEXT), the performance regression disappears.

I've bisected this to commit 23f61a4ba80695ee6e9d88e56294d0dae24d5a41:

Author: drh <>
Date:   Fri Nov 25 15:52:00 2022 +0000

    Add restriction (9) to the push-down optimization:  If the subquery is
    a compound then all arms of the compound must have the same affinity.
    dbsqlfuzz 3a548de406a50e896c1bf7142692d35d339d697f.
    
    FossilOrigin-Name: 1ad41840c5e0fa702ba2c0df77a3ea126bd695b910b5d1271fa3129c38c58f5f

I've also included in test.sql, a more representative workload where the performance regression is about x1.7:

$ hyperfine --warmup 10 "cat test.sql|/home/even/install-sqlite-3.40.0/bin/sqlite3 proj.db"
  Time (mean ± σ):      10.8 ms ±   1.3 ms    [User: 8.9 ms, System: 2.9 ms]
  Range (min … max):     9.2 ms …  15.1 ms
 
$ hyperfine --warmup 10 "cat test.sql|/home/even/install-sqlite-3.41.0/bin/sqlite3 proj.db"
  Time (mean ± σ):      17.7 ms ±   0.5 ms    [User: 15.7 ms, System: 3.0 ms]
  Range (min … max):    16.9 ms …  20.1 ms

When run on test "proj_test_cpp_api" regression test of the PROJ library which includes thousands of queries similar to test.sql, the runtime goes from 18 seconds with SQLite 3.40, to 39 seconds with 3.41