Dear SQLite Developers,

I found a test case with an unexpected result on the latest checkout [e438b564ca84377746464034d770e9c1f5899d93].

Modifying the statistics in sqlite_stat1 changes the output of the same query, even though the underlying data and schema remain the same.

Case 1: Without modified statistics

CREATE TABLE t0 (c1 UNIQUE NOT NULL);
INSERT INTO t0 VALUES (1);

CREATE TABLE t1 (c0 UNIQUE);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (0);

SELECT DISTINCT * FROM t0 LEFT OUTER JOIN t1 ON ((t1.c0) > (t0.c1));
-- returns 1 row

Case 2: With modified statistics

CREATE TABLE t0 (c1 UNIQUE NOT NULL);
INSERT INTO t0 VALUES (1);
CREATE TABLE t1 (c0 UNIQUE);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (0);

ANALYZE;
UPDATE sqlite_stat1 SET stat='1 1000' WHERE tbl='t1';
ANALYZE sqlite_schema;

SELECT DISTINCT * FROM t0 LEFT OUTER JOIN t1 ON ((t1.c0)>(t0.c1));
-- returns 2 rows

Thank you for your efforts in bug fixing and analysis.