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Table and index in separate files
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> Separating the index and the data, even on different storage devices and channels, provides almost no utility.

I was thinking there could be some utility, but it would require care.

If a fast, volatile device was claimed to be where an index is kept, it could be rebuilt upon opening a DB that claims to have such an index. [a] Then a speed advantage might be obtained relative to what page caching does already. This would require feature change to SQLite to be reliable.

[a. Alternatively, timestamping or hash-keeping could be used to verify that a persistent index still corresponds to the table it is supposed to index into. Messy to be sure. ]